Abstract
This chapter analyses the influence of the sharing economy upon the design of hospitality spaces from the specific point of view of the interior design. In particular the analysis is dedicated to describe how the impact of the web platforms on the hospitality based on the sharing of spaces and services—especially AirBnB for the global relevance—are transforming the hospitality system based on hotels and hostels not only introducing new formats and new concepts in this field, but also stimulating a relevant afterthought of the interpretation of hospitality. In the contemporary society, collective spaces are considered very relevant to civic, architectural, urban and morphological richness of a contemporary city. In particular the spaces for hospitality, like hotels and hostels, but also new formats recently developed and strictly related to the domestic sphere, are also acquiring more and more relevance because this typology of spaces has been very sensitive to the social, economic and cultural transformations related to new ways of living–working–travelling based on “in-motion” lifestyle. Spaces to welcome people who spend their life “in transit” acquire a meaningful importance determining the massive increase of the use and the design of innovative hybrid spatial solutions able not only to answer to new needs and behaviours, but also to translate new collaborative processes in inclusive places where guests/people “feel like at home”.
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Notes
- 1.
In 2012 the World Tourism Organization UNTWTO registered for the first time 1 billion of tourist traveling around the world. Available at: retrieved 10 November 2017 from http://1billiontourists.unwto.org/.
- 2.
This expression finds a relevant reference in the exhibition “Living in motion: Design and Architecture for Flexible Dwelling”, organized by Mathias Schwartz-Clauss in (2002) at the Vitra Design Museum, Weil am Rhein.
- 3.
In 1993 the magazine Advertising Age introduced the term “millennials” to describe this generation, and since then numerous searches have been conducted, among these: “Millennial traveller. An insight into the general travel behaviours and attitudes of millennial travellers” by the World Youth Student and Educational (WYSE) Travel Confederation, a global not-for-profit membership organization based in Amsterdam, November 2014.
- 4.
From 2016 in the Design Department at Politecnico di Milano has been activated the research project: “LIVING, WORKING AND TRAVELLING: interior design for new scenarios between hospitality and work field”, based on the analysis of the hybridization processes in the design of hospitality and working spaces (FARB Fondo Ateneo Ricerca di Base http://www.designforhospitality.com).
- 5.
Numerous recent exhibitions are reflecting on new ways to living in the cities: Together! The New Architecture of the Collective, curated by Ilka and Andreas Ruby, Daniel Niggli and Mathias Müllerindaga at Vitra Design Museum, Weil am Rhein, 2017; House Vision, Co-dividual: Split and Connect/Separate and Come Together, curated by Kengo Kuma, 2016; Id-Lab, 999 Domande sull’abitare, Triennale di Milano, Milano, 2018.
- 6.
The new research project One Shared House 2030 developed by SPACE10, the future-living laboratory created by IKEA, in collaboration with New York-based designers Anton and Irene, is looking for providing information on whether co-living could offer potential solutions to issues such as rapid urbanization, loneliness and the growing global affordable housing crisis in the recent future.
- 7.
The home-swapping is a practice based on the home exchange, in which two parties agree to offer each other homestays (lodging in each other's homes) for a set period of time. Since no monetary exchange takes place, it is a form of barter, collaborative consumption and sharing. Diffused before the diffusion of Internet, today there are several Website able to facilitate this practice like www.homeforexchange.com, www.lovehomeswap.com, www.homeexchange.com.
- 8.
Started as a social practice the couchsurfing became a platform (www.couchsurfing.org) for members to stay as a guest at someone's home (homestay) often on a sofa, host travellers, meet other members or join an event. Unlike many hospitality services, couchsurfing is an example of the gift economy; there is no monetary exchange between members, and there is no expectation by hosts for future rewards.
- 9.
Georgios Zervas, Davide Proserpio, and John W. Byers (2017) “The Rise of the Sharing Economy: Estimating the Impact of Airbnb on the Hotel Industry”. Journal of Marketing Research: October 2017, Vol. 54, No. 5, pp. 687–705.
- 10.
Airbnb Experiences: Available at: retrieved 28 December 2017 from https://www.airbnb.it/experiences.
- 11.
Available at: retrieved 12 October 2017 from https://www.airbnbcitizen.com/vale-piu-di-4-miliardi-di-euro-limpatto-della-community-di-airbnb-sul-pil-italiano-2/.
- 12.
Harold Goodwin defined the phenomena of overtourism in “The Challenge of Overtourism”. Available at: retrieved 28 October 2017 from http://haroldgoodwin.info/pubs/RTP'WP4Overtourism01'2017.pdf.
- 13.
The “Airification of cities” report by LADEST Lab is available at: retrieved 25 October 2017 from http://ladestlab.it/maps/73/the-airification-of-cities-report”.
- 14.
Kyle Chayka “Welcome to Airspace”, available at: retrieved 12 December 2017 from https://www.theverge.com/2016/8/3/12325104/airbnb-aesthetic-global-minimalism-startup-gentrification.
- 15.
In 2017 Ian Schrager has unveiled Public, a new hotel concept designed by Herzog and de Meuron to counter the threat of Airbnb in New York. Available at: retrieved 12 December 2017 from https://www.dezeen.com/2017/06/07/hotel-industry-denial-airbnb-ian-schrager-herzog-de-meuron-public-new-york/.
- 16.
C. Davies “The Eco Experience: Sustainable Hospitality” WGSN Lifestyle and Interiors, 07.10.17.
- 17.
Giulio Iacchetti has ironically proposed the image of a mule to describe the idea of hybridization in the design field, during the talk “Office Design Ibrido”, organized by Renata Sias during Design City Milano, 2017.
- 18.
Zaleski O. (2017) Airbnb and WeWork Test a Shared Workspace Program for Business Travellers. October, 04, 2017 Available at: retrieved Dec. 12, 2017 from https://skift.com/2017/10/04/airbnb-and-wework-test-a-shared-workspace-program-for-business-travelers/.
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Scullica, F., Elgani, E. (2018). Reinventing the Hospitality: Sharing Economy and New Hospitality Formats. In: Bruglieri, M. (eds) Multidisciplinary Design of Sharing Services. Research for Development. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78099-3_5
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