Abstract
This chapter will survey the literature on teaching training and its impact of the development of the alternative black curriculum in social studies. This chapter explores the different modes of training teachers to teach history in segregated schools. Unlike in previous chapters, this chapter will focus primarily on black male educators such as Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, Reid T. Jackson, and Ambrose Caliver. Of the policy making spaces considered in this book, the discussions in higher education demonstrated the least openness to the ideas of black female educators. The chapter will add dimension to the work of Booker T. Washington in his argument of black teacher training in the twentieth century.
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Notes
- 1.
Heather Andrea Williams, Self-Taught: African American Education in Slavery and Freedom (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2005).
- 2.
David Tyack and Robert Lowe, “The Constitutional Moment: Reconstruction and Black Education in the South,” American Journal of Education, 94, No. 2 (Feb. 1986).
- 3.
James Anderson, The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860–1935. (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1988).
- 4.
Melanie Alicia Adams, “Advocating for Educational Equity: African American Citizens’ Council in St. Louis, Missouri, from 1864–1927” (PhD diss, May 2014), 32–34.
- 5.
Adam Fairclough, A Class of Their Own: Black Teachers in the Segregated South. (Cambridge: Harvard University, 2007).
- 6.
Ibid., 62.
- 7.
James W. Fraser, Preparing America’s Teachers: A History (New York: Teachers College Press, 2007).
- 8.
Anderson, The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860–1935, 111.
- 9.
Ibid.
- 10.
Elias Knox, “Historical Sketch of Secondary Education for Negroes.” In “The Negro Adolescent and his Education.” The Journal of Negro Education 9, no.3 (July 1940): 446.
- 11.
Fraser, Preparing American’s Teachers: A History, 104.
- 12.
Ibid.
- 13.
Anderson, The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860–1935, 99.
- 14.
Ibid.
- 15.
American Missionary Association, History of the American Missionary Association: with illustrative Facts and anecdotes (New York: January 1, 1891), 31.
- 16.
American Missionary Association, History of the American Missionary Association, 40.
- 17.
American Missionary Association, The Fortieth Annual Report of the American Missionary Association and the Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, (New Haven Connecticut: October 19th–21st, 1886), 21.
- 18.
Anderson, The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860–1935., 111.
- 19.
Ibid.
- 20.
Booker T. Washington, Working With The Hands: Being a Sequel to “Up From Slavery, Covering the Author’s Experiences in Industrial Training at Tuskegee (New York: Doubleday, 1904), 9.
- 21.
Booker T. Washington, Working With The Hands, 159.
- 22.
Ibid.
- 23.
Anderson, The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860–1935, 11.
- 24.
Michael Fultz, “Teacher Training and African American Education in the South, 1900–1940,” The Journal of Negro Education, 64, no.2 (Spring 1995): 196–197).
- 25.
Fultz, “Teacher Training and African American Education in the South, 1900–1940,” 202.
- 26.
Fraser, James. W. Preparing American’s Teachers, 109.
- 27.
Fultz, “Teacher Training and African American Education in the South, 1900–1940,” 196–210.
- 28.
Vanessa Siddle Walker, “African American Teaching in the South, 1940–1960” American Educational Research Association Journal, 38, no. 4, 751–779, 758–59.
- 29.
Earl U. Rugg and Ned H. Dearborn. The Social Studies in Teacher Colleges and Normal Schools. (Greely: CO: Colorado State Teacher College, 1928).
- 30.
Rugg and Dearborn, The Social Studies in Teacher Colleges and Normal Schools, 23.
- 31.
Ibid., 33.
- 32.
Ibid., 24.
- 33.
Ibid., 47.
- 34.
Ibid., 59.
- 35.
Woodson, The Mis-Education of the Negro, 13.
- 36.
Ibid., 14.
- 37.
Ibid., 17.
- 38.
Ibid.
- 39.
Ibid., 13.
- 40.
Ambrose Caliver, “The Negro Teacher and a Philosophy of Negro Education,” The Journal of Negro Education 2, no. 4 (October 1933): 432–441.
- 41.
Caliver, The Negro Teacher and a Philosophy of Negro Education, 441.
- 42.
Reid T. Jackson. “A Proposed Revision of a Two-Year Curriculum for Training Elementary Teachers in Negro Colleges. Journal of Negro Education 5, no. 4 (October 1936): 601–611.
- 43.
Caliver, The Negro Teacher and a Philosophy of Negro Education, 444.
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Murray, A.D. (2018). Exploring the Purposes and Foundations of Black Teacher Preparation: 1890–1940. In: The Development of the Alternative Black Curriculum, 1890-1940. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91418-3_5
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