Skip to main content

Creative Industries and Neighbourhood Change in South African Cities

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Geography of South Africa

Part of the book series: World Regional Geography Book Series ((WRGBS))

Abstract

Creative industries have been used globally as a lever for economic development and urban regeneration. Despite the benefits of creative industries to stimulate urban regeneration, widespread criticism points to the negative impacts of socioeconomic polarisation and gentrification in urban environments. There is evidence of a growing creative economy in Cape Town and Johannesburg, South Africa’s two largest cities. Over the past two decades, both cities have embarked on various urban regeneration initiatives. Inner city Cape Town in particular shows evidence of the use of creative industries as a tool for widespread regeneration. In Johannesburg, the majority of creative industries are located in its northern suburbs; however, in recent years there is evidence of creative clusters emerging in central Johannesburg. This chapter reviews research and debates on creative industries in Woodstock (Cape Town) and Maboneng (Johannesburg), and illustrates the impacts of creative industries on neighbourhood change in the South African urban context.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Africa Business Magazine (2014) African creative industries: the sleeping giant. Available from http://africanbusinessmagazine.com/uncategorised/african-creative-industries-the-sleeping-giant/. Accessed 28 Jan 2014

  • Banks M, O’Connor J (2017) Inside the whale (and how to get out of there): Moving on from two decades of creative industries research. Eur J Cult Stud 20(6):637–654

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes K, Waitt G, Gill N, Gibson C (2006) Community and nostalgia in urban revitalisation: a critique of urban village and creative class strategies as remedies for social ‘problems’. Aust Geogr 37(3):335–354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Booyens I (2012) Creative industries, inequality and social development: developments, impacts and challenges in Cape Town. Urban Forum 23:43–60

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Booyens I, Rogerson CM (2015) Creative tourism in Cape Town: an innovation perspective. Urban Forum 26(4):405–424

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cape Town Partnership (2007) Cape Town central city: into the future. Central city development strategy. Cape Town Partnership, Cape Town. 45pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Catungal JP, Leslie D, Hii Y (2009) Geographies of displacement in the creative city: the case of Liberty Village, Toronto. Urban Stud 46(5):1095–1114

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • City of Cape Town (2014) Arts, culture and creative industries policy. City of Cape Town, Cape Town. Policy 29892, 55pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham S (2009) Trojan horse or Rorschach blot? Creative industries discourse around the world. Int J Cult Policy 15(4):375–386

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham S, Potts J (2015) Creative industries and the wider economy. In: Jones C, Lorenzen M, Sapsed J (eds) The Oxford handbook of creative industries. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 387–404

    Google Scholar 

  • De Beukelaer C (2014) Creative industries in “developing” countries: questioning country classifications in the UNCTAD creative economy reports. Cult Trends 23(4):232–251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Department of Arts and Culture (2015) Annual report, 2014–2015. Department of Arts and Culture, Pretoria. 206pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Department of Arts and Culture (2016) Mzansi golden economy (MGE). Guidelines: criteria, eligibility, processes & systems. Department of Arts and Culture, Pretoria. 20pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Du Trevou C (2015) The future of Woodstock: a review of the change by design workshop. Future Cape Town. Available at http://futurecapetown.com/2015/06/future-cape-town-the-future-of-woodstock-a-review-of-the-change-by-design-workshop/. Accessed 2 Apr 2017

  • Flew T (2010) Towards a cultural economic geography of creative industries and urban development: introduction to the special issue on creative industries and urban development. Inf Soc Int J 26(2):85–91

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flew T (ed) (2013) Creative industries and urban development: creative cities in the 21st century. Routledge, New York. 88pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Flew T, Cunningham S (2010) Creative industries after the first decade of debate. Inf Soc Int J 26(2):113–123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Florida R (2002) The rise of the creative class: and how it's transforming work, leisure, community and everyday life. Basic Books, New York. 404pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Florida R (2017) The new urban crisis: how our cities are increasing inequality, deepening segregation, and failing the middle class and what we can do about it. Basic Books, New York. 336pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Garner G (2011) Johannesburg – ten ahead: a decade of inner-city regeneration. Double G Media, Johannesburg. 188pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Garnham N (2005) From cultural to creative industries: an analysis of the implications of “creative industries” approach to arts and media policy making in the United Kingdom. Int J Cult Policy 11(1):15–29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garside J (1993) Inner city gentrification in South Africa: the case of Woodstock, Cape Town. GeoJ 30(1):29–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregory JJ (2016) Creative industries and urban regeneration – the Maboneng precinct, Johannesburg. Local Econ 31(1–2):158–171

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gregory JJ, Rogerson CM (2016) Tracking the policy environment for creative industries in South Africa. In: Donaldson R, Visser G, Kemp J, de Waal J (eds) #celebrate a century of geography: proceedings of the 11th biennial conference of the society of South African geographers. Society of South African Geographers, Stellenbosch, pp 30–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregory JJ, Rogerson CM (2018) Suburban creativity: the geography of creative industries in Johannesburg. Bull Geogr Socio Econ Ser 39:31–52

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grodach C, Foster N, Murdoch J (2018) Gentrification, displacement and the arts: Untangling the relationship between arts industries and place change. Urban Stud 55(4):807–825

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hesmondhalgh D (2013) The cultural industries. Sage, London. 480pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoogendoorn G, Gregory J (2016) Instagrammers, urban renewal and the Johannesburg inner city. Urban Forum 27(4):399–414

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hutton T (2017) The cultural economy of the city: pathways to theory and understanding inequality. In: Gerhard U, Hoelscher M, Wilson D (eds) Inequalities in creative cities. Palgrave Macmillan, New York, pp 15–40

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Jarvis D, Lambie H, Berkeley N (2009) Creative industries and urban regeneration. J Urban Regen Renewal 2:364–374

    Google Scholar 

  • Jason S (2014) Urban renewal’s bourgeois curse. Mail and Guardian. Available at https://mg.co.za/article/2014-08-08-urban-renewals-bourgeois-curse-1. Accessed 2 Apr 2017

    Google Scholar 

  • Joffe A, Newton M (2009) Creative industries. In: Kraak A (ed) Sectors and skills: the need for policy alignment. HSRC Press, Cape Town, pp 235–253

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones C, Lorenzen M, Sapsed J (eds) (2015) The Oxford handbook of creative industries. Oxford University Press, Oxford. 574pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Joseph R (2014) The gentrification of Woodstock: from rundown suburb to hipster heaven. The Guardian. Available at https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2014/aug/12/gentrification-woodstock-cape-town-suburbhipster-heaven. Accessed 2 Apr 2017

    Google Scholar 

  • Kinsman H (2014) Johannesburg’s art scene is thriving, but at what price? The Guardian. Available at https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/nov/18/johannesburg-art-scene-thriving-what-price. Accessed 2 Apr 2017

    Google Scholar 

  • Kong L (2014) From cultural to creative industries and back? Towards clarifying theory and rethinking policy. Inter-Asia. Cult Stud 15(4):593–607

    Google Scholar 

  • Landry C (2000) The creative city: a toolkit for urban innovators. Earthscan, London. 350pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Landry C, Bianchini F (1995) The creative city. Demos, London. 60pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Martone A, Sepe M (2012) Creativity, urban regeneration and sustainability: the Bordeaux case study. J Urban Regen Renewal 5:164–183

    Google Scholar 

  • Mommaas H (2009) Spaces of culture and economy: mapping the cultural-creative cluster landscape. In: Kong L, O’Connor J (eds) Creative economies, creative cities: Asian-European perspectives. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 45–59

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Murray MJ (2011) City of extremes: the spatial politics of Johannesburg. Duke University Press, Durham. 470pp

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Myambo MT (2017) In their rush to become “global”, cities risk creating spatial apartheid. The conversation. Available at http://theconversation.com/in-their-rush-to-become-global-cities-risk-creating-spatial-apartheid-77200. Accessed 26 Jan 2018

  • Nicolson G (2015) During violent protests, Maboneng is a symbol and a scapegoat. Daily Maverick. Available at https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2015-03-20-during-violent-protests-maboneng-is-a-symbol-and-a-scapegoat#.WqZ4YuhuY2w. Accessed 2 Apr 2017

  • Oyekunle OA (2017) The contribution of creative industries to sustainable urban development in South Africa. Afr J Sci Technol Innov Dev 9(5):607–616

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pappalepore I, Maitland R, Smith A (2014) Prosuming creative urban areas. Evidence from East London. Ann Tour Res 44:227–240

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pather R (2016) Evictions in Woodstock and the resistance against apartheid spatial planning. Mail and Guardian. Available at https://mg.co.za/article/2016-09-02-evictions-in-woodstock-and-the-resistance-againstapartheid-spatial-planning. Accessed 2 Apr 2017

    Google Scholar 

  • Peck J (2005) Struggling with the creative class. Int J Urban Reg Res 29(4):740–770

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pirie G (2007) Reanimating a comatose goddess: reconfiguring central Cape Town. Urban Forum 18:125–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pratt AC (2008) Creative cities: the cultural industries and the creative class. Geogr Ann Ser B Hum Geogr 90(2):107–117

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Propertuity (2018) Play in the city. Available at http://propertuity.co.za/play/. Accessed 26 Feb 2018

  • Reclaim the City (2017) Reclaim the city. Land for people, not for profit. Available at http://reclaimthecity.org.za/why-reclaim-the-city/. Accessed 2 Apr 2017

  • Rees M (2013) Maboneng precinct: “I am an island”. Mail and Guardian. Available at https://mg.co.za/article/2013-03-08-maboneng-i-am-an-island. Accessed 2 Apr 2017

    Google Scholar 

  • Robinson J (2011) The travels of urban neoliberalism: Taking stock of the internationalization of urban theory. Urban Geogr 32(8):1087–1109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rogerson CM (2006) Creative industries and urban tourism: South African perspectives. Urban Forum 17(2):149–166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rogerson CM (2018) Unpacking the changing economic geography of Gauteng’s tertiary sector. In: Cheruiyot K (ed) The changing space economy of city-regions. Springer, Cham, pp 157–184

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Rogerson CM, Rogerson JM (1995) The decline of manufacturing in inner-city Johannesburg 1980–1994. Urban Forum 6(1):17–42

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rogerson CM, Rogerson JM (2015) Johannesburg 2030: the economic contours of a “linking global city”. Am Behav Sci 59(3):347–368

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • South African Cultural Observatory (2016) The role of cultural and creative industries in regenerating urban and rural space economies in South Africa. Department of Arts and Culture, Pretoria. 84pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Tremblay G (2015) Cultural industries, creative economy and the information society. In: Albornoz LA (ed) Power, media, culture: a critical view from the political economy of communication. Palgrave MacMillan, Basingstoke, pp 73–95

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2008) Creative economy, report 2008. UNDP, Geneva. 357pp

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2010) Creative economy, report 2010. UNDP, Geneva. 422pp

    Google Scholar 

  • United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2013) Creative economy report 2013 special edition. Widening local development pathways. UNDP, New York. 190pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Visser G (2014) The film industry and South African urban change. Urban Forum 25:13–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Visser G, Kotze N (2008) The state and new-build gentrification in central Cape Town, South Africa. Urban Stud 45(12):2565–2593

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walsh S (2013) We won’t move: the suburbs take back the center in urban Johannesburg. City Anal Urban Trends Cult Theor Pol Action 17(3):400–408

    Google Scholar 

  • Wenz L (2012) Changing tune in Woodstock – creative industries and local urban development in Cape Town, South Africa. Gateways Int J Community Res Engagement 5:16–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Western Cape Government (2012) Design: driving competitive advantage in the Western Cape. A strategy for design to unlock innovation. Cape Craft & Design Studio, Cape Town. 33pp

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank the two reviewers for their valuable feedback. Thanks are also due to Iga Motylska for providing two photographs on Woodstock for use in this chapter.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to James J. Gregory .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Gregory, J.J. (2019). Creative Industries and Neighbourhood Change in South African Cities. In: Knight, J., Rogerson, C. (eds) The Geography of South Africa . World Regional Geography Book Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94974-1_22

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics