Abstract
Quarkonia are mesons made of \(q\overline {q}\) pairs of the same flavour, such as the J∕ψ(1S) (\(c\overline {c}\) “charmonium”), the Υ(1S) (\(b\overline {b}\) “bottomonium”), and even the ϕ (\(s\overline {s}\) “strangeonium”), as well as their radial and orbital excitations. These states are bound by the strong interaction mediated by gluons. The term “quarkonium” has been coined in analogy to the electromagnetically bound e +e − system (positronium). In the previous section we have dealt with the \(c\overline {c}\) and \(b\overline {b}\) ground state (ℓ = 0) vector mesons and their radial excitations (ψ and Υ sequences). The present chapter is devoted to their ℓ > 0 orbital excitations.
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Notes
- 1.
In symmetric e +e − colliders the electron and positron collide with the same energies, hence the B and \(\overline {B}\) mesons produced at the Υ(4S) are emitted back-to-back and the collision point, where the B and \(\overline {B}\) are produced, cannot be determined. In asymmetric colliders both B mesons are emitted into the same hemisphere. The production point can then be reconstructed to study oscillations and CP violation in the \(B^0-\overline {B}^0\) system (see e.g [23]).
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Amsler, C. (2018). Quarkonium. In: The Quark Structure of Hadrons. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 949. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98527-5_9
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