Abstract
The approach to the patient with rectal cancer should be conducted in a systematic and methodical approach which will ensure that the proper histological diagnosis, staging, and subsequent treatment modalities are performed with the highest standards. Surgical treatment of rectal cancer should be performed by surgeons in centers with special knowledge, training, and experience in the multidisciplinary treatment of these tumors. Treatment of adenocarcinoma of the rectum has undergone a major change over the last 20 years, one that has been seldom seen in other solid tumors. The surgeon plays an integral part of the multidisciplinary team, and his or her role represents a prognostic factor for the successful treatment of this disease. This chapter focuses on an overview of how these patients are approached from a surgical standpoint and what criteria are used to decide which operation or treatment is best for each specific patient.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Valentini V, Aristei C, Glimelius B, et al. Multidisciplinary rectal cancer management: 2nd European rectal cancer consensus conference (EURECA-CC2). Radiother Oncol. 2009;92(2):148–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2009.06.027.
Monson JR, Weiser MR, Buie WD, et al. Standards practice task force of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. Practice parameters for the management of rectal cancer (revised). Dis Colon Rectum. 2013;56(5):535–50. https://doi.org/10.1097/DCR.0b013e31828cb66c.
van de Velde CJ, Boelens PG, Borras JM, et al. EURECCA colorectal: multidisciplinary management: European consensus conference colon & rectum. Eur J Cancer. 2014;50(1):1.e1–1.e34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2013.06.048. Epub 2013 Oct 31.
Beets-Tan RG, Beets GL, Vliegen RF, et al. Accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in prediction of tumour-free resection margin in rectal cancer surgery. Lancet. 2001;357:497–504.
Winter L, Bruhn H, Langrehr J, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging in suspected rectal cancer: determining tumor localization, stage, and sphincter-saving resectability at 3-Tesla-sustained high resolution. Acta Radiol. 2007;48:379–87.
Glimelius B, Beets-Tan R, Blomqvist L, et al. Mesorectal fascia instead of circumferential resection margin in preoperative staging of rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29(16):2142–3. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2010.34.4473. Epub 2011 Apr 18.
Taylor FG, Quirke P, Heald RJ, et al. One millimetre is the safe cut-off for magnetic resonance imaging prediction of surgical margin status in rectal cancer. Br J Surg. 2011;98(6):872–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.7458. Epub 2011 Apr 8.
Doornebosch PG, Ferenschild FT, de Wilt JH, et al. Treatment of recurrence after transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) for T1 rectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 2010;53(9):1234–9.
Stipa F, Giaccaglia V, Burza A. Management and outcome of local recurrence following transanal endoscopic microsurgery for rectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 2012;55(3):262–9.
Levic K, Bulut O, Hesselfeldt P, Bulow S. The outcome of rectal cancer after early salvage surgery following transanal endoscopic microsurgery seems promising. Dan Med J. 2012;59(9):A4507.
Levic K, Bulut O, Hesselfeldt P, Bulow S. The outcome of rectal cancer after early salvage TME following TEM compared with primary TME: a case-matched study. Tech Coloproctol. 2013;17(4):397–403.
Stamos MJ, Murrell Z. Management of early rectal T1 and T2 cancers. Clin Cancer Res. 2007;13:6885s–9s.
Willett CG. Sphincter preservation in rectal cancer. Local excision followed by postoperative radiation therapy. Semin Radiat Oncol. 1998;8:24–9.
Wagman RT, Minsky BD. Conservative management of rectal cancer with local excision and adjuvant therapy. Oncology (Huntingt). 2001;15:513–9.
Garcia-Aguilar J, Shi Q, Thomas CR Jr. A phase II trial of neoadjuvant chemoradiation and local excision for T2N0 rectal cancer: preliminary results of the ACOSOG Z6041 trial. Ann Surg Oncol. 2012;19(2):384–91. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-011-1933-7. Epub 2011 Jul 14.
Brown CJ, Fenech DS, McLeod RS. Reconstructive techniques after rectal resection for rectal cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008:CD006040.
Liao C, Gao F, Cao Y, et al. Meta-analysis of the colon J-pouch vs transverse coloplasty pouch after anterior resection for rectal cancer. Color Dis. 2009;12:624–31.
Fazio VW, Zutshi M, Remzi FH, et al. A randomized multicenter trial to compare long-term functional outcome, quality of life, and complications of surgical procedures for low rectal cancers. Ann Surg. 2007;246:481–8.
Tan WS, Tang CL, Shi L, et al. Meta-analysis of defunctioning stomas in low anterior resection for rectal cancer. Br J Surg. 2009;96:462–72.
Parés D, Duncan J, Dudding T, et al. Investigation to predict faecal continence in patients undergoing reversal of a defunctioning stoma (Porridge enema test). Color Dis. 2008;10(4):379–85. Epub 2007 Aug 16.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Valente, M.A., Hull, T.L. (2019). An Overview of the Tailored Surgical Approach to Rectal Cancer. In: Kwaan, M., Zbar, A. (eds) Comprehensive Rectal Cancer Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98902-0_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98902-0_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-98901-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-98902-0
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)