Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Representing and Exchanging 3D City Models with CityGML

  • Chapter
3D Geo-Information Sciences

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography ((LNGC))

Abstract

CityGML is an open data model and XML-based format for the representation and exchange of virtual 3D city models. It is based on the Geography Markup Language version 3.1.1 (GML3). Both CityGML and GML3 are international standards issued by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). CityGML not only represents the shape and graphical appearance of city models but specifically addresses the object semantics and the representation of the thematic properties, taxonomies and aggregations. The paper gives an overview about CityGML, its modelling aspects and design decisions, recent applications, and its relation to other 3D standards like IFC, X3D, and KML.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Teller J. , Keita A. K. , Roussey C. , Laurini R., 2005. Urban Ontologies for an improved communication in urban civil engineering projects. In: Proc. of the Int. Conference on Spatial Analysis and GEOmatics, Research & Developments, SAGEO 2005 Avignon, France, June, 20th-23rd.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Hamilton, A., Wang, H., Tanyer, A. M., Arayici, Y., Zhang, X., Song, Y., 2005. Urban information model for city planning, ITcon Vol. 10, Special Issue From 3D to nD modelling

    Google Scholar 

  3. Gröger, G., Kolbe, T.H., Czerwinski, A., Nagel, C., 2008. OpenGIS City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) Encoding Standard, Version 1.0.0, OGC Doc. No. 08-007r1, Open Geospatial Consortium

    Google Scholar 

  4. CityGML Homepage: http://www.citygml.org

  5. Cox, S., Daisy, P., Lake, R., Portele, C., Whiteside, A., 2004. OpenGIS Geography Markup Language (GML3), Implementation Specification Version 3.1.0, OGC Doc. No. 03-105r1.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Köninger, A., Bartel, S., 1998. 3D-GIS for Urban Purposes. Geoinformatica, 2(1), March 1998

    Google Scholar 

  7. Coors, V., Flick, S., 1998. Integrating Levels of Detail in a Web-based 3D-GIS, In: Proc. of ACM GIS ’98 in Washington D.C., USA, ACM Press

    Google Scholar 

  8. Schilcher, M., Guo, Z., Klaus, M., Roschlaub, R., 1999. Aufbau von 3D-Stadtmodellen auf der Basis von 2D-GIS (in German only). Zeitschrift für Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung (ZPF), Vol. 67, No. 3

    Google Scholar 

  9. Döllner, J., Buchholz, H., 2005. Continuous level-of-detail modeling of buildings in 3D city models. In: Proc. of ACM GIS 2005, ACM Press

    Google Scholar 

  10. ISO 19109, 2005. Geographic information — Rules for application schema.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Booch, G., Rumbaugh., J. & Jacobson, I. 1997. Unified Modeling Language User Guide. Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Gamma, E., Helm, R., Johnson, R.E., 1995. Design Patterns. Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software, Addison-Wesley Longman

    Google Scholar 

  13. Herring, J., 2001. The OpenGIS Abstract Specification, Topic 1: Feature Geometry (ISO 19107 Spatial Schema). OGC Document Number 01-101.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Foley, J., van Dam, A,. Feiner, S. & Hughes, J. 1995. Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice. Addison Wesley, 2nd Ed.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Lee, J., Zlatanova, S., 2008. A 3D data model and topological analyses for emergency response in urban areas. In: Zlatanova, Li (eds.), Geospatial Information Technology for Emergency Response, Taylor & Francis

    Google Scholar 

  16. Neubauer, S., Zipf, A., 2007. Suggestions for Extending the OGC Styled Layer Descriptor (SLD) Specification into 3D – Towards Visualization Rules for 3D City Models. In: Proc. of 26th Urban and Regional Data Management, October 2007 in Stuttgart, Taylor & Francis

    Google Scholar 

  17. Molenaar, M., 1992. A topology for 3D vector maps. ITC Journal 1992-1.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Zlatanova, S. 2000. 3D GIS for Urban Development. PhD Thesis, ITC Dissertation Series No. 69, The International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences, The Netherlands

    Google Scholar 

  19. Oosterom, P., Stoter, J., Quak, W. & Zlatanova, S. 2002. The balance between geometry and topology. In: Proc. of 10th Int. Symp. SDH 2002, Springer

    Google Scholar 

  20. ISO 19775, 2005. X3D International Specification Standards, Web 3D Consortium.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Quadt, U., Kolbe, T. H., 2005. Web 3D Service Implementation Specification, OGC Discussion Paper, Doc. No. 05-019

    Google Scholar 

  22. Stadler, A., Kolbe, T.H., 2007. Spatio-semantic Coherence in the Integration of 3D City Models. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Spatial Data Quality, Enschede 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Liebich, T., Adachi, Y., Forester, J., Hyvarinen, J., Karstila, K., Reed, K., Richter, S., Wix, J., 2007. Industry Foundation Classes IFC2x Edition 3 – Technical Corrigendum 1, International Alliance for Interoperability, http://www.iai-international.org.

  24. Benner, J., Geiger, A., Leinemann, K., 2005. Flexible generation of semantic 3D building models. In: Gröger, Kolbe (eds.), Intern. ISPRS / EuroSDR / DGPF-Workshop on Next Generation 3D City Models. Bonn, Germany, EuroSDR Publication No. 49.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Lapierre, A., Cote, P., 2007. Using Open Web Services for urban data management: A testbed resulting from an OGC initiative for offering standard CAD/GIS/BIM services. In: Coors, V., Rumor, M., Fendel, E. M., Zlatanova S. (eds): Urban and Regional Data Management. Proceedings of the 26th UDMS, October 10-12, 2007, Stuttgart, Taylor & Francis

    Google Scholar 

  26. Kolbe, T. H., Nagel, C., Stadler, A., 2008. CityGML – A Framework for the Representation of 3D City Models from Geometry Acquisition to full Semantic Qualification. In: Proc. of ISPRS Congress 2008 in Bejing, China

    Google Scholar 

  27. Wilson, T., 2008. OGC KML. OGC Encoding Standard, Version 2.2.0, OGC Doc. No. 07-147r2, Open Geospatial Consortium

    Google Scholar 

  28. Pittarello, F., De Faveri, A., 2006. Semantic Description of 3D Environments: a Proposal Based on Web Standards. In: Proceedings of the Web 3D Symposium 2006 in Columbia, Maryland, 18-21 April 2006, ACM Press.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Czerwinski, A., Kolbe, T. H., Plümer, L., Stöcker-Meier, E., 2006. Spatial data infrastructure techniques for flexible noise mapping strategies. In: Tochtermann, Scharl (eds.), Proc. of the 20th International Conference on Environmental Informatics - Managing Environmental Knowledge. Graz 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Döllner, J., Kolbe, T. H., Liecke, F., Sgouros, T., Teichmann, K., 2006. The Virtual 3D City Model of Berlin - Managing, Integrating, and Communicating Complex Urban Information. In: Proceedings of the 25th Urban Data Management Symposium UDMS 2006 in Aalborg, DK, May 15-17. 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  31. VEPS 3D Homepage: http://www.veps3d.org

  32. Kolbe, T. H., Gröger, G., Plümer, L., 2008. CityGML – 3D City Models and their Potential for Emergency Response. In: Zlatanova, Li (eds.), Geospatial Information Technology for Emergency Response, Taylor & Francis

    Google Scholar 

  33. Mäs, S., Reinhardt, W., Wang, F., 2006. Conception of a 3D Geodata Web Service for the Support of Indoor Navigation with GNSS. In: Proc. of 3D GeoInfo 2006 in Kuala Lumpur, LNG & C, Springer

    Google Scholar 

  34. Schulte, C., Coors, V., 2008. Development of a CityGML ADE for dynamic 3D flood information. Joint ISCRAM-CHINA and GI4DM Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Management 2008 in Harbin, China

    Google Scholar 

  35. Bildstein, F., 2005. 3D City Models for Simulation and Training – Requirements on Next Generation 3D City Models. In: Proc. of the Int. ISPRS Workshop on Next Generation 3D City Models in Bonn, Germany. EuroSDR publication no. 49

    Google Scholar 

  36. Randt, B., Bildstein, F., Kolbe, T. H., 2007. Use of Virtual 3D Landscapes for Emergency Driver Training. In: Proc. of the Int. Conference on Visual Simulation IMAGE 2007 in Scottsdale, Arizona 2007

    Google Scholar 

  37. Döllner, J., Walther, M., 2003. Real-Time Expressive Rendering of City Models. In: Proc. of the 7th International Conference on Information Visualization in London, IEEE Press

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Geodesy and Geoinformation Science, Technische Universität, Berlin

    Thomas H. Kolbe

Authors
  1. Thomas H. Kolbe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geoinformatics, University of Seoul, 13 Siripdae-gil, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-743, Korea

    Jiyeong Lee (Dr) (Dr)

  2. Section of GIS Technology, Delft University of Technology, Jaffalaan 9, 2628 BXDelft, The Netherlands

    Sisi Zlatanova (Dr) (Dr)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kolbe, T.H. (2009). Representing and Exchanging 3D City Models with CityGML. In: Lee, J., Zlatanova, S. (eds) 3D Geo-Information Sciences. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87395-2_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation