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Intensive Care Treatment Options of Elevated Intracranial Pressure Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

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Head, Thoracic, Abdominal, and Vascular Injuries

Part of the book series: European Manual of Medicine ((EUROMANUAL))

Abstract

The intensive care treatment of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) must consider local alterations as well as systemic influences. This, in turn, requires broad clinical experience and knowledge to see and comprehend these severely injured patients in their entirety. This not only pertains to patients with additional injuries but is also valid for patients with isolated severe TBI. Only then can we practice a brainoriented therapy. A merely brain-centered therapy carries the risk of inducing extracerebral organ injuries.

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Abbreviations

ADH:

Antidiuretic hormone

ADP:

Adenosine diphosphate

AEP:

Acoustic evoked potentials

ALI:

Acute lung injury

APOE:

Apolipoprotein E

ARDS:

Adult respiratory distress syndrome

ATP:

Adenosine triphopshate

BGA:

Blood gas analysis

BIS:

Bispectral index

CPP:

Cerebral perfusion pressure

CSD:

Cortical spreading depression

CSF:

Cerebrospinal fluid

CSW:

Cerebral salt wasting

CT:

Computerized tomography

CYP:

Cytochrome P

DIC:

Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy

ECG:

Electrocardiogram

EEG:

Electroencephalogram

EVD:

External venrtricular drainage

GABA:

gamma aminobutyric acid

GCS:

Glasgow Coma Scale

GFAP:

Glial fibrillary acidic protein

ICP:

Intracranial pressure

I/ E:

Inspiratory to expiratory ratio

LGI:

Lactate-to-glucose index

LOI:

Lactate-to-oxygen index

MABP:

Mean arterial blood pressure

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

NaCl:

sodium chloride

NSE:

Neuron specific enolase

OER:

Oxygen extraction ratio

OGI:

Oxygen-to-glucose index

paO2:

Partial arterial oxygen pressure

paCO2:

Partial arterial carbon dioxide pressure

PARP:

Poly ADP ribose polymerase

PET:

Positron emission tomography

PEEP:

Positive endexpiratory pressure

ptiO2:

Partial pressure tissue oxygenation

ScvO2:

Central venous oxygen saturation

SEP:

Sensory evoked potentials

SIADH:

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

SjvO2:

Jugular venous oxygen saturation

SPECT:

Single photon emission computed tomography

SVR:

Systemic vascular resistance

TCD:

Transcranial Doppler sonography

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Surgical Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zürich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zürich, Switzerland

    John F. Stover & Reto Stocker

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  1. John F. Stover
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  2. Reto Stocker
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Correspondence to John F. Stover .

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  1. Klinik für Unfall- und, Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Allgemeines Krankenhaus Celle, Siemensplatz 4, Celle, 29223, Germany

    Hans-Jörg Oestern

  2. Forschungsabteilung Chirurgie, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Rämistr. 100, Zürich, 8091, Switzerland

    Otmar Lorenz Trentz

  3. Medizinische Universität Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, Graz, 8036, Austria

    Selman Uranues

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Stover, J.F., Stocker, R. (2011). Intensive Care Treatment Options of Elevated Intracranial Pressure Following Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. In: Oestern, HJ., Trentz, O., Uranues, S. (eds) Head, Thoracic, Abdominal, and Vascular Injuries. European Manual of Medicine. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88122-3_2

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