Abstract
Anemia occurs when there is lower than normal red blood cells, resulting in diminished quantity of hemoglobin. Anemia can be caused by various etiologies such as blood loss, destruction of red blood cells, and decreased or faulty red blood cell production. In response to anemia, erythropoietin secreted by the kidneys stimulates the bone marrow to increase total red blood cell mass. When the bone marrow is stimulated, increased hematopoietic marrow can be visualized on the MRI examination demonstrating normal distribution and signal intensity.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Terashima T, Wiggs B, English D, Hogg JC, van Eeden SF. The effect of cigarette smoking on the bone marrow. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;155:1021–6.
Shellock FG, Morris E, Deutsch AL, Mink JH, Kerr R, Boden SD. Hematopoietic bone marrow hyperplasia: high prevalence on MR images of the knee in asymptomatic marathon runners. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1992;158(2):335–8.
Alter BP. Bone marrow failure: a child is not just a small adult (but an adult can have a childhood disease). Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2005;96–103.
Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB. Inherited haemoglobin disorders: an increasing global health problem. Bull World Health Organ. 2001;79(8):704–12.
Chambers JB, Forsythe DA, Bertrand SL, Iwinski HJ, Steflik DE. Retrospective review of osteoarticular infections in a pediatric sickle cell age group. J Pediatr Orthop. 2000;20(5):682–5. Pediatrics 1998;101(2):296–7.
Weatherall DJ, Clegg JB. The Thalassemia Syndromes. 4th ed. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 2001.
Haidar R, Mhaidli H, Taher AT. Paraspinal extramedullary hematopoiesis in patients with thalassemia intermedia. Eur Spine J. 2010;19(6):871–8.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ilaslan, H., Sundaram, M. (2016). Anemias. In: Pediatric and Adult MRI Atlas of Bone Marrow. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02740-6_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02740-6_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-02739-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-02740-6
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)