Abstract
Some properties of midlatitude circulation are described in this chapter by comparing zonally averaged meridional circulations using various averaging methods to study angular momentum and energy budgets. In particular, baroclinic waves and their associated meridional circulations are examined.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References and suggested reading
Andrews, D.G. and McIntyre, M. E., 1976: Planetary waves in horizontal and vertical shear: The generalized Eliassen-Palm relation and the mean zonal acceleration. J.Atmos. Sci., 33, 2031–2048.
Edmon, Jr., H. J., Hoskins, B. J., and McIntyre, M. E., 1980: Eliassen-Palm cross sections for the troposphere. J.Atmos. Sci., 37, 2600–2612.
Gutowski, Jr., W. J., 1985: Baroclinic adjustment and midlatitude temperature profiles. J.Atmos. Sci., 42, 1733–1745.
Held, I.M., 1982: On the height of the tropopause and the static stability of the troposphere. J.Atmos. Sci., 39, 412–417.
Held, I.M. and Hoskins, B. J., 1985: Large-scale eddies and the general circulation of the troposphere. Advances in Geophys., 28, 3–31.
Held, I.M. and Schneider, T., 1999: The surface branch of the zonally averaged mass transport circulation in the troposphere. J.Atmos. Sci., 56, 1688–1697.
Holton, J.R., 1992: An Introduction to Dynamic Meteorology, 3rd ed. Academic Press, San Diego, 507 pp.
Lindzen, R. S. and Farrell, B., 1980: The role of polar regions in global climate, and a new parameterization of global heat transport. Mon.Wea.Rev., 108, 2064–2078.
Lorenz, E.N., 1967: The Nature and Theory of the General Circulation of the Atmosphere. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, 161 pp.
Palm´en, E. and Newton, C.W., 1969: Atmospheric Circulation Systems. Academic Press, San Diego, 603 pp.
Peixoto, P. J. and Oort, A.H., 1992: Physics of Climate. American Institute of Physics, New York, 520 pp.
Simmons, A. J. and Hoskins, B. J., 1978: The life cycles of some nonlinear baroclinic waves. J.Atmos. Sci., 35, 414–432.
Stone, P.H., 1978: Baroclinic adjustment. J.Atmos. Sci., 35, 561–571. Sun, D.-Z. and Lindzen, R. S., 1994: A PV view of the zonal mean distribution of temperature and wind in the extratropical troposphere. J.Atmos. Sci., 51, 757–772.
Thorncroft, C.D., Hoskins, B. J., and McIntyre, M.E., 1993: Two paradigms of baroclinic-wave life-cycle behavior. Q. J.Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 119, 17–55.
Townsend, R.D. and Johnson, D.R., 1985: A diagnostic study of the isentropic zonally averaged mass circulation during the first GARP global experiment. J.Atmos. Sci., 42, 1565–1579.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Satoh, M. (2014). Midlatitude circulations. In: Atmospheric Circulation Dynamics and General Circulation Models. Springer Praxis Books(). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13574-3_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13574-3_18
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-13573-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-13574-3
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)