Abstract
Spaceborne SAR has an imaging capability of wide-swath (the width of the ground area covered by the radar beam) with a limited azimuth resolution. By contrast, airborne SAR has an imaging capability of high azimuth resolution, but limited swath coverage. There is, therefore, a desire to increase swath coverage and azimuth resolution simultaneously. As near-space vehicles operate at altitudes higher than that of airplanes but lower than satellites with a high flying speed, compared to spaceborne and airborne SARs, simultaneous relative high-resolution and wide-swath (HRWS) remote sensing is possible for near-space vehicle-borne SAR. In this chapter, we explained how near-space vehicles could be exploited for future HRWS remote sensing applications.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Li, Z.F., Wang, H.Y., Su, T., Bao, Z.: Generation of wide-swath and high-resolution SAR images from multichannel small spaceborne SAR systems. IEEE. Geosci. Remote. Sens. Lett. 2, 82–86 (2005)
Currie, A., Brown, M.A.: Wide-swath SAR. IEE. Radar. Signal. Process. 139, 122–135 (1992)
Curlander, J.C., McDonough, R.N.: Synthetic Aperture Radar: Systems and Signal Processing. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (1991)
The paradigm shift of effects-based space: near-space as a combat space effects enabler. http://www.airpower.au.af.mi. Accessed May 2010
Suess M., Grafmuller B., Zahn R.: A novel high resolution, wide swath SAR system. In: Proceeings of IEEE Int Geosci Remote Sens Symposium, Sydney, Australia 1013–1015 (2001)
Suess M., Zubler M., Zahn R.: Performance investigation on the high resolution, wide swath SAR system. In: Proceedings of European Synthetic Aperture Radar Conference, Cologne, Germany 187–191 (2002)
Heer C., Soualle F., Zahn R., Reber R.: Investigations on a new high resolution wide swath SAR concept. In: Proceedings of IEEE Int Geosci Remote Sens Symp, Toulouse, France 521–523 (2003)
Gebert N., Krieger G., Moreira A.: High resolution wide swath SAR imaging— system performance and influence of perturbations. In: Proceedings of Int Radar Symp, Berlin, Germany 1–5 (2005)
Gebert, N., Krieger, G.: Azimuth phase center adaptation on transmit for high-resolution wide-swath SAR imaging. IEEE. Geosci. Remote. Sens. Lett. 6, 782–786 (2009)
Gebert N., Krieger G., Younis M., Bordoni F., Moreira A.: Ultra wide swath imaging with multi-channel ScanSAR. In: Proceedings of IEEE Int Geosci Remote Sens Symp, Boston, Massachusetts 21–24 (2008)
Younis M., Bordoni F., Gebert N., Krieger G.: Smart multi-channel radar techniques for spaceborne remote sensing. In: Proceedings of IEEE Int Geosci Remote Sens Symp, Boston, Massachusetts 278–281 (2008)
Stiles J., Goodman N., SiChung L.: Performance and processing of SAR satellite clusters. In: Proceedings of IEEE Int Geosci Remote Sens Symp, Honolulu, Hawaii 883–885 (2000)
Goodman, N., Lin, S., Rajakrishna, D., Stiles, J.: Processing of multiple-receiver spaceborne arrays for wide-area SAR. IEEE. Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens. 40, 841–852 (2002)
Aguttes J.P.: The SAR train concept: An along track formation of SAR satellites for diluting the antenna area over N smaller satellites, while increasing performance by N. In: Proceedings of 55th Int Astronautical Congress, Vancouver, Canada 919–925 (2004)
Aguttes J.P.: The SAR train concept: required antenna area distributed over N smaller satellites, increase of performance by N. In: Proceedings of IEEE Int Geosci Remote Sens Symp, Toulouse, France 542–544 (2003)
Griffiths H., Mancini P.: Ambiguity suppression in SARs using adaptive array techniques. In: Proceedings of IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Espoo, Finland 1015–1018 (1991)
Callaghan, G.D., Longstaff, I.D.: Wide-swath spaceborne SAR using a quad-element array. IEE. Radar. Sonar. Navig. 146, 159–165 (1999)
Fischer C., Heer C., Krieger G., Werninghaus R.: A high resolution wide swath SAR system. In: Proceedings of European Synthetic Aperture Rdar Conference, Dresden, Germany 1–4 (2006)
Li, Z.F., Bao, Z., Wang, H., Liao, G.S.: Performance improvement for constellation SAR using signal processing techniques. IEEE. Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 42, 436–452 (2006)
Li, Z.F., Bao, Z.: A novel approach for wide-swath and high-resolution SAR image generation from distributed small spaceborne SAR systems. Int. J. Remote. Sens. 27, 1015–1033 (2006)
Jain, A.: Multibeam synthetic aperture radar for global occanography. IEEE. Trans. Antenna. Propag.27, 535–538 (1979)
Jean, B.R., Rouse, J.W.: A multiple beam synthetic aperture radar design concept for geoscience applications. IEEE. Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens. 21, 201–207 (1983)
Goodman N., Rajakrishana D., Stiles J.: Wide swath, high resolution SAR using multiple receiver apertures. In: Proceedings of IEEE Int Geosci Remote Sens Symposium, Hamburg, Germany 1767–1769 (1999)
Krieger, G., Moreira, A.: Spaceborne bi- and multistatic SAR: potential and challenges. IEE. Radar. Sonar. Navig. 153, 184–198 (2006)
Wang WQ (2010) Bistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar Synchronization Processing. In: Kouemou G (ed) Radar Technology. In-Tech Press, India
Wang, W.Q.: Multi-Antenna Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging: Principles and Applications, In Chinese. National Defense Industry Press, Beijing (2011)
Krieger, G., Gebert, N., Moreira, A.: Multidimensional waveform encoding: a new digital beamforming technique for synthetic aperture radar remote sensing. IEEE. Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens. 46, 31–46 (2008)
Younis M., Venot Y., Wiesbeck J.: Digital beam forming on-receive-only for radar applications. In: Proceedings of German Radar Symposium, Bonn, Germany 213–217 (2002)
Younis M.: Digital beam-forming for high resolution wide swath real and synthetic aperture rdar, Dissertation, Karlsruhe, Germany (2004)
Krieger G., Fiedler H., Rodriguez-Cassola M., Hounam D., Moreira A.: Analysis of system concepts for bi-and multi-static SAR missions. In: Proceedings of IEEE Geosci Remote Sens Symposium, Toulouse, France 770–772 (2003)
Krieger, G., Gebert, N., Moreira, A.: Unambiguous SAR signal reconstruction from nonuniform displaced phase center sampling. IEEE. Geosci. Remote. Sens. Lett. 1, 260–264 (2004)
Krieger G., Gebert N., Moreira A.: SAR signal reconstruction from non-uniform displaced phase center sampling. In: Proceedings of IEEE Int Geosci Remote Sens Symposium, Anchorage, Alaska 1763–1766 (2004)
Krieger G., Gebert N., Moreira A. (2004) Digital beamforming and non-uniform displaced phase centre sampling in bi-and multistatic SAR. In: Proc of European Synthetic Aperture Radar Conf, Ulm, Germany 563–566
Gebert N., Krieger G., Moreira A.:SAR signal reconstruction from non-uniform displaced phase centre sampling in the presence of perturbations. In: Proceedings of IEEE Int Geosci Remote Sens Symposium, Seoul, Korea 1034–1037 (2005)
Gebert N., Krieger G., Moreira A.: High resolution wide swath SAR imaging with digital beamforming-performance analysis, optimization and system design. In: Proceedings of European Synthetic Aperture Radar Conference, Dresden, Germany 341–344 (2006)
Gebert N., Krieger G., Moreira A.: Digital beamforming for HRWS-SAR imaging system design, performance and optimization strategies. In: Proceedings of IEEE Int Geosci Remote Sens Symposium, Denver, Colorado 1836–1839 (2006)
Gebert N., Krieger G., Moreira A.: Multi-channel ScanSAR for high-resolution ultra-wide-swath imaging. In: Proceedings of European Synthetic Aperture Radar Conference, Friedrichshafen, Germany 79–82 (2008)
Claassen J.P., Eckerman J.: A system concept for wide swath constant incident angle coverage. In: Proceedings of Synthetic Aperture Radar Technology Conference, Las Cruces, New Mexico 41–59 (1978)
Bellettini, A., Pinto, M.A.: Theoretical accuracy of synthetic aperture sonar micronavigation using a displaced phase-center antenna. IEEE. J. Oceanic. Enginneer. 27, 780–789 (2002)
Lombardo, P., Colone, F., Pastina, D.: Monitoring and surveillance potentialities obtained by splitting the antenna of the COSMO-SkyMed SAR into multiple sub-apertures. IEE. Proc. Radar. Sonar. Navig. 153, 104–116 (2006)
Wang, W.Q., Cai, J.Y., Peng, Q.C.: Conceptual design of near-space synthetic aperture radar for high-resolution and wide-swath imaging. Aerosp. Sci. Technol.13, 340–347 (2009)
Cumming, I.G., Wong, F.H.: Digital Processing of Synthetic Aperture Radar Data. Artech House, Boston (2005)
Li, F.K., Johnson, W.T.K.: Ambiguities in spaceborne synthetic aperture radar systems. IEEE. Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 19, 389–397 (1983)
Krieger G., Moreira A.: Potentials of digital beamforming in bi-and multistatic SAR. In: Proceedings of IEEE Geosci Remote Sens Symposium, Toulouse, France 527–529 (2003)
Younis, M., Fischer, C., Wiesbeck, W.: Digital beamforming in SAR systems. IEEE. Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens.41, 1735–1739 (2003)
Gebert N., Krieger G., Moreira A.: Digital beamforming for HRWS-SAR imaging. In: Proceedings of IEEE Geosci Remote Sens Symposium, Denver, USA 1836–1839 (2006)
Gebert, N., Krieger, G., Moreira, A.: Digital beamforming on receive: techniques and optimization stragies for high-resolution wide-swath SAR imaging. IEEE. Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst.45, 564–592 (2009)
Younis M., Patyuchenko A., Huber S., Bordoni F., Krieger G.: Performance comparison of reflector-and planar-antenna based digital beam-forming SAR. Int J Antenna Propag (2010) doi:10.1155/2009/614931
Huber S., Younis M., Patyuchenko A., Krieger G.: Digital beam forming techniques for spaceborne reflector SAR systems. In: Proceedings of European Synthetic Aperture Radar Conference, Aachen, Germany 962–965 (2010)
Wang, W.Q., Peng, Q.C., Cai, J.Y.: Waveform-diversity-based millimeter-wave UAV remote sensing. IEEE. Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens.47, 691–700 (2009)
Wang, X.Q., Xiao, Q., Chen, Y.Q., Zhu, M.H.: The SNR study of the wide-swath SAR basing on elevation multi-receiver. J. Electron. Info. Technol.29, 2101–2104 (2007)
Krieger, G., Gebert, N., Moreira, A.: Multidimensional waveform encoding: a new digital beamforming technique for synthetic aperture radar remote sensing. IEEE. Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens. 46, 31–45 (2008)
Wang W.Q.: Applications of MIMO technique for aerospace remote sensing. In: Proceedings of IEEE Aerospace Conference, Big Sky, MT 1–10 (2007)
Zhuge, X.D., Yarovoy, A.G.: A sparse aperture MIMO-SAR-based UWB imaging systems for concealed weapon detection. IEEE. Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens. 49, 509–518 (2011)
Cristallini, D., Pastina, D., Lombardo, P.: Exploiting MIMO SAR potentialities with efficient cross-track constellation configurations for improved range resolution. IEEE. Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens. 49, 38–52 (2011)
Wang W.Q.: Space-time coding MIMO-OFDM SAR for high-resolution imaging. IEEE. Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens. (2011) doi:10.1109/TGRS.2011.2116030
Picciolo M.S., Griesbach J.D., Gerlach K.: Adaptive LFM waveform diversity. In: Proceedings of IEEE Radar Conference, Rome, Italy, 1–6 (2008)
Levanon, N., Mozeson, E.: Radar Signals. Wiley-IEEE Press, New York (2004)
Kim J.H., Ossowska A., Wiesbeck W.: Investigation of MIMO SAR for interferometry. In: Proceedings of 4th European Radar Conference, Munich Germany 51–54 (2007)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Wen-Qin Wang
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wang, WQ. (2011). Near-Space Vehicles in High-Resolution Wide-Swath Remote Sensing. In: Near-Space Remote Sensing. SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering(). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22188-0_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22188-0_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-22187-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-22188-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)