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Article 14: Cooperation for Development

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The UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions

Abstract

The importance of culture in development strategies was underscored with the adoption of the Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity (UDCD) by the UNESCO General Conference on Cultural Diversity in November 2001 and endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly in 2002. Article 6 UDCD stated that, “Freedom of expression, media pluralism, multilingualism, equal access to art and to scientific and technological knowledge, including in digital form, and the possibility for all cultures to have access to the means of expression and dissemination are the guarantees of cultural diversity”. The UDCD was an important milestone in a process, which later on resulted in the negotiation and adoption of the CCD.

This comment is written in a personal capacity and reflects personal views which are not necessarily the official views of the UNCTAD Secretariat or its Member States.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT-2002/WS/9 of 2002.

  2. 2.

    See: UNCTAD/UNDP (2008). Creative economy report 2008. The challenge of assessing the creative economy: towards informed policy-making. http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/ditc20082cer_en.pdf, p. 194.

  3. 3.

    For further details see comment on Article 16 by Xavier Troussard/Valérie Panis-Cendrowicz/Julien Guerrier.

  4. 4.

    The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) are eight goals to be achieved by 2015 that respond to the world’s main development challenges, in particular poverty reduction. The MDG Declaration was adopted by 189 nations during the UN Millennium Summit in September 2000. For further details, see www.un.org/millenniumgoals/.

  5. 5.

    Dos Santos-Duisenberg, E. (2009). The creative economy: beyond economics. In S. Wright et al. (Eds), After the crunch (pp. 24–25). http://www.britishcouncil.org/ru/russia-projects-creative-economy-after-the-crunch.pdf.

  6. 6.

    For a link to the Draft texts prepared by these organizations, see Annex of this Commentary.

  7. 7.

    For a link to the text of this Draft, see Annex of this Commentary.

  8. 8.

    For a link to the text of this Draft, see Annex of this Commentary.

  9. 9.

    INCP Draft, p. 38. For a link to the text of this Draft, see Annex of this Commentary.

  10. 10.

    INCP Draft, p. 38. For a link to the text of this Draft, see Annex of this Commentary.

  11. 11.

    INCP Draft, p. 40. For a link to the text of this Draft, see Annex of this Commentary.

  12. 12.

    The UDCD and the related Action Plan were published as UNESCO Doc. CLT-2002/WS/9 of 2002.

  13. 13.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2003-608/01 of 20 February 2004, p. 8.

  14. 14.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2003-608/01 of 20 February 2004, p. 8.

  15. 15.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2003-608/01 of 20 February 2004, p. 8.

  16. 16.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2004/602/6 of 14 May 2004, p. 10.

  17. 17.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2004/602/6 of 14 May 2004, p. 10.

  18. 18.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2004/602/6 of 14 May 2004, p. 10.

  19. 19.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2004/602/6 of 14 May 2004, p. 10.

  20. 20.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2004/603/5 of 23 June 2004, p. 2.

  21. 21.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2004/603/5 of 23 June 2004, p. 6.

  22. 22.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2004/603/5 of 23 June 2004, p. 6.

  23. 23.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2004/CONF-201/2 of July 2004.

  24. 24.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2004/CONF-201/2 of July 2004, p. 9.

  25. 25.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT-2004/CONF.201/9 of November 2004, p. 3.

  26. 26.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT-2004/CONF.201/9 of November 2004, ANNEX III, pp. 16 et seq.

  27. 27.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT-2004/CONF.201/9 of November 2004, ANNEX III, p. 17.

  28. 28.

    The submitted comments and proposed amendments are contained in the partly published UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2004/CONF.607/1 of December 2004.

  29. 29.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2004/CONF.607/2 of December 2004.

  30. 30.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2004/CONF.607/2 of December 2004, p. 12.

  31. 31.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2004/CONF.607/6 of 23 December 2004.

  32. 32.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2004/CONF.607/6 of 23 December 2004, pp. 80–82.

  33. 33.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2005/CONF.203/6 of 3 March 2005, p. 8.

  34. 34.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2005/CONF.203/6 of 3 March 2005, pp. 9 et seq.

  35. 35.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2005/CONF.203/6 of 3 March 2005, p. 10.

  36. 36.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2005/CONF.203/6 of 3 March 2005, Appendix 2; later published separately as UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2005/CONF.203/6—Add. of 29 April 2005.

  37. 37.

    UNESCO Doc. CLT/CPD/2005/CONF.203/6—Add. of 29 April 2005, pp. 12 et seq.

  38. 38.

    UNESCO (2005). Oral report of the Rapporteur, Mr Artur Wilczynski at the closing of the third session of the Intergovernmental Meeting of Experts on the Draft Convention on the Protection of the Diversity of Cultural Contents and Artistic Expressions. http://www.unesco.org/culture/culturaldiversity/docs_pre_2007/oral_report_wilczynski_en_03062005.pdf, p. 6.

  39. 39.

    UNESCO (2005). Oral report of the Rapporteur, Mr Artur Wilczynski at the closing of the third session of the Intergovernmental Meeting of Experts on the Draft Convention on the Protection of the Diversity of Cultural Contents and Artistic Expressions. http://www.unesco.org/culture/culturaldiversity/docs_pre_2007/oral_report_wilczynski_en_03062005.pdf, p. 6.

  40. 40.

    Cf. UNESCO Doc. CE/09/2.CP/210/Res. of 17 June 2009, pp. 28–30.

  41. 41.

    For a link to the Operational Guidelines on Article 14, see Annex of this Commentary.

  42. 42.

    For further details, see comment on Article 15 by Jens Kåre Rasmussen/Laura Gómez Bustos.

  43. 43.

    For further details, see comment on Article 16 by Xavier Troussard/Valérie Panis-Cendrowicz/Julien Guerrier.

  44. 44.

    See Vera Thorstensen’s report on Article 16 for the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee. UNESCO Doc. CE/09/2.EXT.IGC/208/INF.3 of 4 February 2009, pp. 7–10.

  45. 45.

    Fifty countries are currently designated by the UN as “Least Developed Countries (LDCs)”, which are the poorest countries in the world in terms of income, human assets and economic vulnerability. There are 32 in Africa, 8 in Asia and 11 Small Island States. For further information see UNCTAD (2009). The least developed countries report 2009: the state and development governance. http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/ldc2009_en.pdf.

  46. 46.

    For further details, see comment on Article 18 by Roland Bernecker.

  47. 47.

    For a link to the Operational Guidelines on the Use of the Resources of the International Fund for Cultural Diversity, see Annex of this Commentary.

  48. 48.

    Text available at http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2008/February/tradoc_137971.pdf.

  49. 49.

    Text available at http://ec.europa.eu/culture/our-policy-development/doc/cultural_cooperation_protocol.pdf.

  50. 50.

    See Protocol III On Cultural Cooperation, available at http://ec.europa.eu/culture/our-policy-development/doc/cultural_cooperation_protocol.pdf.

  51. 51.

    See UNCTAD/UNDP (2010). Creative economy report 2010. Creative economy: a feasible development option. http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/ditctab20103_en.pdf, p. xx.

  52. 52.

    UNCTAD (2008). Secretary-General’s High-level Panel on the Creative Economy and Industries for Development. Pre-conference event, Geneva 14–15 January 2008. Background paper prepared by the UNCTAD Secretariat. http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/tdxiibpd4_en.pdf.

  53. 53.

    Dos Santos-Duisenberg, E. (2009). Expanding trade flows of cultural goods and services. Trade Negotiations Insights, 8(1), 9. http://www.acp-eu-trade.org/library/files/TNI_EN_8-1.pdf.

  54. 54.

    UNCTAD (2004). São Paulo Consensus. http://www.unctad.org/en/docs//td410_en.pdf, p. 14.

  55. 55.

    UNCTAD (2004). São Paulo Consensus. http://www.unctad.org/en/docs//td410_en.pdf, p. 19.

  56. 56.

    See UNCTAD/UNDP (2008). Creative economy report 2008. The challenge of assessing the creative economy: towards informed policy-making. http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/ditc20082cer_en.pdf. This work was an initiative of the UNCTAD/UNDP partnership and a pioneering example of multi-agency cooperation in an effort to build upon complementarities, enhance policy coherence and avoid duplication. It brings together contributions of experts from collaborating UN agencies: UNCTAD, UNDP, UNESCO, WIPO and ITC, as well as international consultants.

  57. 57.

    For an overview, see http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php-URL_ID=39091&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html.

  58. 58.

    Reference is made to the official statement made by the representative of UNCTAD at the first session of the Conference of Parties to the CCD in Paris in June 2007, UNESCO Doc. CE/07/1.CP/CONF/209/10 Rev. of 16 July 2007, p. 11.

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  1. Creative Economy and Industries Programme, UNCTAD/CNUCED, Palais des Nations, 1211, Geneva 10, Switzerland

    Edna dos Santos-Duisenberg

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Correspondence to Edna dos Santos-Duisenberg .

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    Sabine von Schorlemer

  2. , Institute of for International Law, Georg August University of Göttingen, Platz der Göttinger Sieben 5, Göttingen, 37073, Germany

    Peter-Tobias Stoll

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dos Santos-Duisenberg, E. (2012). Article 14: Cooperation for Development. In: von Schorlemer, S., Stoll, PT. (eds) The UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25995-1_16

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