Abstract
About 70 % of the energy density of the Universe today consists of dark energy responsible for cosmic acceleration. We present observational bounds on dark energy constrained by the type Ia supernovæ, cosmic microwave background, and baryon acoustic oscillations. We also review theoretical attempts to explain the origin of dark energy. This includes the cosmological constant, modified matter models (such as quintessence, k-essence, coupled dark energy, unified models of dark energy and dark matter), and modified gravity models (such as f(R) gravity, scalar-tensor theories, braneworlds).
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Acknowledgements
The author thanks the organizers of the Sixth Aegean Summer School for inviting him to give a lecture on dark energy. This work was supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research Fund of the JSPS (No. 30318802) and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (No. 21111006).
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Tsujikawa, S. (2013). Dark Energy: Observational Status and Theoretical Models. In: Calcagni, G., Papantonopoulos, L., Siopsis, G., Tsamis, N. (eds) Quantum Gravity and Quantum Cosmology. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 863. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33036-0_11
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