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Aufbau und Stoffbestand des Mondes

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Mineralogie

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Zusammenfassung

Der Mond umkreist die Erde in einer Entfernung von durchschnittlich 384400 km. Er besitzt einen Radius von 1738 km (ca. ¼ des Erdradius); seine mittlere Dichte beträgt nur 3,34 g/cm2, ist also wesentlich geringer als die der Erde. Schon die unbemannten Weltraum-Missionen der UdSSR (Lunik seit 1959) und der USA (Ranger und Surveyor seit 1964) haben grundlegende Erkenntnisse über den Aufbau des Mondes und die petrographische Zusammensetzung der Mondoberfläche erbracht. Von unschätzbarem Wert für die geologische Erforschung waren die bemannten Apollo-Missionen der USA, die erstmals eine direkte Probenahme und geophysikalische Experimente auf der Mondoberfläche erlaubten. Die Apollo- 11-Astronauten Neil Armstrong und Edwin Aldrin betraten am 20. Juli 1969 als erste Menschen den Mond. Im Zuge der Apollo-Missionen 11 bis 17 und der sowjetischen Luna-Missionen 16, 20 und 24 wurden zwischen 1969 und 1976 insgesamt fast 2 200 Gesteinsproben mit einem Gesamtgewicht von über 380 kg auf dem Mond gesammelt (Taylor 1975).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Univ. Würzburg Mineralogisches Institut, Würzburg, Deutschland

    Professor Dr. Martin Okrusch

  2. Inst. Mineralogie, Univ. Würzburg Fak. Geowissenschaften, Würzburg, Deutschland

    Professor Dr. Siegfried Matthes

Authors
  1. Professor Dr. Martin Okrusch
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  2. Professor Dr. Siegfried Matthes
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Correspondence to Martin Okrusch .

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Okrusch, M., Matthes, S. (2014). Aufbau und Stoffbestand des Mondes. In: Mineralogie. Springer-Lehrbuch. Springer Spektrum, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34660-6_30

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34660-6_30

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