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Klimawandel und Infektionskrankheiten

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Klimawandel und Gesundheit

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Zusammenfassung

Klimaveränderungen, die einen Einfluss auf die biologische Umwelt und das Verhalten und die Empfänglichkeit des Menschen haben, wirken sich auf die Verbreitung von Infektionskrankheiten aus. Erkrankungen, die im Rahmen des Klimawandels in den Tropen und Subtropen eine besondere Rolle spielen, sind vor allem gastrointestinale Infektionen, Malaria, Denguefieber und Chikungunyafieber. In gemäßigten Zonen sind dies z. B. Borreliosen, Frühsommermeningoenzephalitis, Campylobacter- und Hantavirusinfektionen. Selbst in polarnahen Gebieten ist in warmen Sommern durch erhöhte Wassertemperatur und die Abnahme des Permafrostes mit einer Zunahme von bestimmten Infektionen zu rechnen. Public Health-Maßnahmen mit Beteiligung verschiedener Akteure und betroffener Gruppen können die Adaptation auf der Mikro- und Makroebene sicherstellen.

Abstract

Climate change phenomena influencing the biological environment and the behavior and susceptibility of humans lead to a changing epidemiology of infectious diseases. Important infectious diseases due to climate change in tropical and subtropical regions are e.g. gastrointestinal diseases, malaria, dengue, and chikungunya. In temperate climate zones examples are borreliosis, tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), campylobacteriosis and hantavirus infections. Even in regions adjacent to the arctic increased temperatures and the reduction of permafrost an increase of special infections can be expected. Public Health measures with participation of different actors and affected groups will assure an effective adaptation on the micro and macro level.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Mit „Krankheitslast“ sind gemäß Definition der WHO sowohl durch Tod verlorene Lebensjahre wie durch krankheitsbedingte Behinderungen beeinträchtigte Lebensjahre gemeint (WHO 2012b).

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Correspondence to Luise Prüfer-Krämer .

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Prüfer-Krämer, L., Krämer, A. (2013). Klimawandel und Infektionskrankheiten. In: Jahn, H., Krämer, A., Wörmann, T. (eds) Klimawandel und Gesundheit. Springer-Lehrbuch. Springer Spektrum, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38839-2_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38839-2_6

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