Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Schwachstellen der Nitrat- und Ammoniumassimilation — eine Chance für die Gentechnik?

  • Conference paper
Schwachstellen der Nitrat- und Ammoniumassimilation — eine Chance für die Gentechnik

Part of the book series: Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften ((3027,volume 1993/94 / 6))

  • 33 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Der Stickstoff, wesentlicher Bestandteil der Bausteine von Proteinen, Nukleinsäuren und Porphyrinen, ist eines der wichtigsten Elemente der Biosphäre. Die Verfügbarkeit von Stickstoff war nach dem heutigen Kenntnisstand ein entscheidend begrenzender Faktor der biologischen Evolution (White 1993). Im Zuge der Höherentwicklung von Mikroorganismen, Pflanzen und Tieren, verbunden mit der Ausbildung obligater nutritiver Abhängigkeiten, hat sich für Stickstoff ein sehr effizienter Stoffkreislauf etabliert.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  • Al-Mallah M K, Davey M R, Cocking E C (1990) Nodulation of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) by rhizobia. J. Exp. Bot. 41:1567–1572

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aslam M, Huffaker R C (1989) Role of nitrate and nitrite in the induction of nitrite reductase in leaves of barley seedlings. Plant Physiol. 91:1152–1156

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aslam M, Travis, R L, Huffaker R C (1992) Comparative kinetics and reciprocal inhibition of

    Google Scholar 

  • nitrate and nitrite uptake in roots of uninduced and induced barley (Hordewn vulgare L.) seedlings. Plant Physiol. 99: 1124–1133

    Google Scholar 

  • Atkinson D (1990) Influence of root system morphology and development on the need for fertilizers and the efficiency of use. In: Baligar V C, Duncan R R (eds.), Crops as Enhancers of Nutrient Use. Academic Press, San Diego

    Google Scholar 

  • Back E, Burkhart W, Moyer M, Privalle L, Rothstein S (1988) Isolation of cDNA clones coding for spinach nitrite reductase: Complete sequence and nitrate induction. Mol. Gen. Genet. 212:20–26

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becker T W, Nefcampa C, Zehnacker C, Hirel B (1993) Implication of the phytochrome in light regulation of the tomato gene(s) encoding ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 31:725–729

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bobbink R, Heil G W, Raessen M B A G (1992) Atmospheric deposition and canopy exchange processes in heathland ecosystems. Environmental Pollution 75: 29–37

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bowsher C G, Hucklesby D P, Ernes M J (1993) Induction of ferredoxin-NADP+ oxido-reductase and ferredoxin synthesis in pea root plastids during nitrate assimilation. Plant J. 3:463–67

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boxman A W, Krabbendam H, Bellemakers M J S, Roelofs G M (1991) Effects of ammonium and aluminium on the development and nutrition of Pinus nigra in hydroculture. Environmental Pollution 73:119–136

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brears T, Walker E L, Coruzzi G M (1991) A promotor sequence involved in cell-specific expression of the pea glutamine synthetase GS3 A gene in organs of transgenic tobacco and alfalfa. Plant J. 1:235–244

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Breteler H, Nissen P (1982) Effect of exogenous and endogenous nitrate concentration on nitrate utilization by dwarf bean. Plant Physiol. 70: 754–759

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bush D R (1993) Proton-coupled sugar and aminoacid transporters in plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 44:513–542

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chaillou S, Rideout J W, Raper C D, Morot-Gaudry J-F (1994) Responses of soybean to ammonium and nitrate supplied in combination to the whole root system or separately in a split-root system. Physiol. Plant. 90:259–268

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Champigny M-L, Foyer C (1992) Nitrate activation of cytosolic protein kinases divert photosynthetic carbon from sucrose to aminoacid biosynthesis. Plant Physiol. 100:7–12

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chapin F S, Walter CHS, Clarkson, D. T. (1988) Growth response of barley and tomato to nitrogen stress and its control by abscisic acid, water relations and photosynthesis. Planta 173:352–366

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng C-L, Acedo G N, Cristinsin M, Conkling M A (1992) Sucrose mimics the light induction of Arabidopsis nitrate reductase gene transcription. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei 89:1861–1864

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Christiansenweniger C, Vanderleyden J (1994) Ammonium excreting Azospirillum sp. become intracellularly established in maize (Zea mays) para-nodules. Biol. Fert. Soils 17: 1–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cramer M D, Lewis OAM (1993) The influence of NO3“ and NH4 + nutrition on carbon nitrogen partitioning characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) plants. Plant and Soil 154:287–300

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crawford N M, Arst H N (1993) The molecular genetics of nitrate assimilation in fungi and plants. Annu. Rev. Genet. 27:115–146

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cresswell C F, Watt M P, Amory A M, Whittaker A (1990) The regulation of the reduction of inorganic nitrogen in chlorophyllous tissue: Uptake and reduction of nitrite by intact chloroplasts. In: Ullrich W R, Rigano C, Fuggi A, Aparicio P J (eds): Inorganic Nitrogen in Plants and Microorganisms. Uptake and Metabolism. Springer-Verlag, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Daniel-Veédele F, Caboche M (1993) A tobacco cDNA clone encoding a GATA-1 zinc finger protein homologous to regulators of nitrogen metabolism in fungi. Mol. Gen. Genet. 240:365–373

    Google Scholar 

  • DeLa Torre A, Delgado B, Lara C (1991) Nitrate dependent O2 evolution in intact leaves. Plant Physiol. 96:898–901

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deng M D, Moureaux T, Chérel I, Boutin J P, Caboche M (1991) Effects of nitrogen metabolites on the regulation and circadian expression of tobacco nitrate reductase. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 29:239–247

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan R R, Baligar V C (1990) Genetics, breeding and physiological mechanisms of nutrient uptake and use efficiency: An overview. In: Baligar V C, Duncan R R (eds.), Crops as Enhancers of Nutrient Use. Academic Press, San Diego

    Google Scholar 

  • Duncanson E, Gilkes A F, Kirk D W, Sherman A, Wray J L (1993) nirl, a conditional-lethal mutation in barley causing a defekt in nitrite reduction. Mol. Gen. Genet. 236:275–282

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eckes P, Schmitt P, Daub W, Wengenmayer F (1989) Overproduction of alfalfa glutamine synthetase in transgenic tobacco plants. Mol. Gen. Genet. 217:263–268

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elmlinger M W, Bolle C, Batschauer A, Oelmüller R, Mohr H (1994) Coaction of blue light and light absorbed by phytochrome in control of glutamine synthetase gene expression in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings. Planta 192:189–194

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elmlinger M W, Mohr H (1991) Coaction of blue/ultraviolet-A light and light absorbed by phytochrome in controlling the appearance of ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase in the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedling. Planta 183:374–380

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elmlinger M W, Mohr H (1992) Glutamine synthetase in Scots pine seedlings and its control by blue light and light absorbed by phytochrome. Planta 188:396–402

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elmlinger M W, Mohr H (1994) Regulation of glutamine synthethase gene expression in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings. Nova Acta Leopoldina, Vol. 70, Nr. 288, The Terrestrial Nitrogen Cycle as Influenced by Man; Barth Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Leipzig, Berlin Heidelberg, in press

    Google Scholar 

  • Flaig H, Mohr, H (1992) Assimilation of nitrate and ammonium by the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) seedling under conditions of high nitrogen supply. Physiol. Plant. 84:568–576

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Foyer C H, Lescure J-C, Lefebvre C, Morot-Gaudry J-F, Vincentz, M, Vaucheret H (1994a) Adaptions of photosynthetic electron transport, carbon assimilation, and carbon partioning in transgenic Nicotiana plumbaginifolia plants to changes in nitrate reductase activity. Plant. Physiol. 104:171–178

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Foyer C H, Noctor G, Lelandais M, Lescure J C, Valadier M H, Boutin J P, Horton P (1994b) Short-term effects of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium assimilation on photosynthesis, carbon partitioning and protein phosphorylation in maize. Planta 192:211–220

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Friemann A, Brinkmann K, Hachtel W (1991) Sequence of a cDNA encoding the bi-specific NAD(P)H-nitrate reductase from the tree Betula pendula and identification of conserved protein regions. Mol. Gen. Genet. 227:97–105

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Friemann A, Brinkmann K, Hachtel W (1992) Sequence of a cDNA encoding nitrite reductase from the tree Betula pendula and identification of conserved protein regions. Mol. Gen. Genet. 231:411–416

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frommer W B, Hummel S, Riesmeier J W (1993) Expression cloning in yeast of a cDNA encoding a broad specific aminoacid permease from Arabidopsis thaliana. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:5944–5948

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gadal P, Cretin C, Vidal J, Galvez S, Bismuth E, Lepiniec L, Paquit V, Santi S (1994) Interaction of nitrogen and carbon metabolism: Implication of PEP-carboxylase and isocitrate dehydrogenase. Nova Acta Leopoldina 70, Nr. 288, The Terrestrial Nitrogen Cycle as Influenced by Man; Barth Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Leipzig, Berlin Heidelberg, in press

    Google Scholar 

  • Glass, A. D. M. (1990) Ion absorption and utilization: The cellular level. In: Baligar, V. C, Duncan, R. R. (eds.), Crops as Enhancers of Nutrient Use. Academic Press, San Diego

    Google Scholar 

  • Hahlbrock K (1991) Kann unsere Erde die Menschen noch ernähren? Bevölkerungsexplosion — Umwelt — Gentechnik. Piper, München

    Google Scholar 

  • Hecht U, Mohr H (1990) Factors controlling nitrate and ammonium accumulation in mustard (Sinapis alba) seedlings. Physiol. Plant. 78:379–387

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hecht U, Oelmüller R, Schmidt S, Mohr H (1988) Action of light, nitrate and ammonium on the levels of NADH- and ferredoxin dependent glutamate synthases in the cotyledons of mustard seedlings. Planta 175:130–138

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hepp R, Hildebrand E E (1993) Stoffdeposition in Waldbeständen Baden-Württembergs. Allg. Forstzeitschrift 22:1139–1142

    Google Scholar 

  • Hirsch A M (1992) Developmental biology of legume nodulation. New Phytol. 122:211–237

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hochstein E, Hildebrand E E (1992) Stand und Entwicklung der Stoffeinträge in Waldbestände von Baden-Württemberg. Allg. Forst Jagdztg. 163:21–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Hudspeth R L, Grula J W, Dai Z, Edwards G E, Ku M S B (1992) Expression of maize phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in transgenic tobacco. Plant Physiol. 98:458–464

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Isermann K (1990) Die Stickstoff- und Phosphor-Einträge in die Oberflächengewässer der Bundesrepublik Deutschland durch verschiedene Wirtschaftsbereiche unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Stickstoff- und Phosphor-Bilanz der Landwirtschaft und Humanernährung. In: Akademie für Tiergesundheit e.V. (Hrsg.): Schriftenreihe der Akademie für Tiergesundheit, 1:358–413, Verlag der Ferber’schen Universitätsbuchhandlung

    Google Scholar 

  • Isermann K (1993) Anteile der Landwirtschaft an der Emission klimarelevanter Spurengase — ursachenorientierte und hinreichende Lösungsansätze. Mitt. Dt. Bodenkundl. Ges. 69:231–238

    Google Scholar 

  • Jing Y, Zhang B T, Shan X Q (1990) Pseudonodule formation on barley roots induced by Rhizobia astragali. FEMS Microbiology Letters 69:123–128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • John M, Schmidt J (1992) Fixierung von atmosphärischem Stickstoff durch symbiontische Bakterien. In: Pflanzenproduktion und Biotechnologie, Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung, Druck und Verlags GmbH Becker, Brühl

    Google Scholar 

  • Joy K (1988) Ammonia, glutamine and asparagin: a carbon nitrogen interface. Can. J. Plant Physiol. 66:2103–2109

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Joy K W, Blackwell R D, Lea P J (1992) Assimilation of nitrogen in mutants lacking enzymes of the glutamate synthase cycle. J. Exp. Bot. 43:139–145

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser W M, Huber S. (1994) Modulation of nitrate reductase in vivo and in vitro: Effects of phosphoprotein phosphatase inhibitors, free Mg2+ and 5’-AMP. Planta 193:358–364

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser W M, Spill D, Glaab J (1993) Rapid modulation of nitrate reductase in leaves and roots: indirect evidence for the involvement of protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation. Physiol. Plant. 89:557–562

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kamachi K, Yamaya T, Hayakawa T, Mae T, Ojima K (1992) Changes in cytosolic glutamine synthetase polypeptide and its mRNA in a leaf blade of rice plants during natural senescence. Plant Physiol. 98:1323–1329

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim J, Rees D C (1994) Nitrogenase and biological nitrogen fixation. Biochemistry 33: 389–397

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kimou A, Obaton M, Drevon J J (1993) Measurement of nitrate reductase activity during the soybean (Glycine max L., Merr) growth cycle — Distribution in the plant and relation with nitrogenase in soybean. Agronomy 13:845–852

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • King J (1991) The genetic basis of plant-physiological processes. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Kondorosi A (1992) Regulation of nodulation genes in rhizobia. In: Varma DPS (ed.), Molecular Signals in Plant-Microbe Communications. CRC Press, Boca Raton

    Google Scholar 

  • Kwart M, Hirner B, Hummel S, Frommer W B. (1993) Differential expression of two related aminoacid transporters with differing substrate specifity in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J. 4:993–1002

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lainé P, Ourry A, Macduff J, Boucaud J, Salette J (1993) Kinetic parameters of nitrate uptake by different catch crop species: Effects of low temperatures or previous nitrate starvation. Physiol. Plant. 88:85–92

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leason M, Cunliffe D, Parkin D, Lea P J, Miflin B J (1982) Inhibition of pea leaf glutamine synthetase by methionine sulphoximine, phosphinotricine and other glutamate analogues. Phytochem. 21:855–857

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lepiniec L, Keryer E, Philippe H, Gadal P, Cretin C (1993) Sorghum phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene family: structure, function and molecular evolution. Plant Mol. Biol. 21:487–502

    Google Scholar 

  • Lillo C (1994) Light regulation of nitrate reductase in green leaves of higher plants. Physiol. Plant. 90:616–620

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manh C T, Bismuth E, Boutin J-P, Provot M, Champigny M-L (1993) Metabolite effectors for short-term nitrogen-dependent enhancement of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase activity and decrease of net sucrose synthesis in wheat leaves. Physiol. Plant. 89:460–466

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marschner H (1986) Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. Academic Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehrer I, Mohr H (1989) Ammonium toxicity: description of the syndrom in Sinapis alba L. and the research for its causation. Physiol. Plant. 77:545–554

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Melzer E, O’Leary M (1987) Anapleurotic fixation by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in C3 plants. Plant Physiol. 84:58–60

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mengel K (1991) Ernährung und Stoffwechsel der Pflanze. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohr H (1990) Der Stickstoff — ein kritisches Element der Biosphäre. Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Jahrgang 1990, 5. Abhandlung, Springer Verlag, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohr H (1993) Waldschäden in Mitteleuropa — Wo liegen die Ursachen? In: Wilke G, Freund H-J, Gierer A, Kippenhahn K, Reetz M T, Nöth H, Truscheit E (eds.) Horizonte — Wie weit reicht unsere Erkenntnis heute? Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohr H, Lehn H (1994) Present views of the nitrogen cycle. Nova Acta Leopoldina, Vol. 70, Nr. 288, The Terrestrial Nitrogen Cycle as Influenced by Man; Barth Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Leipzig, Berlin Heidelberg, in press

    Google Scholar 

  • Mohr H, Neininger A, Seith B (1992) Control of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase gene expression by light, nitrate and a plastidic factor. Bot. Acta 105:81–89

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohr H, Schöpfer P (1992) Pflanzenphysiologie, Springer-Verlag, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Neininger A, Back E, Bichler J, Schneiderbauer A, Mohr H (1994a) Deletion analysis of a nitrite-reductase promoter from spinach in transgenic tobacco. Planta, in press

    Google Scholar 

  • Neininger A, Bichler J, Schneiderbauer A, Mohr H (1993) Response of a nitrite-reductase 3.1-kilobase upstream regulatory sequence from spinach to nitrate and light in transgenic tobacco. Planta 189:440–442

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neininger A, Kronenberger J, Mohr H (1992) Coaction of light, nitrate and a plastidic factor in controlling nitrite-reductase gene expression in tobacco. Planta 187:381–387

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neininger A, Seith B, Hoch B, Mohr (1994b) Gene expression of nitrite reductase in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) as affected by light and nitrate. Plant Mol. Biol., in press

    Google Scholar 

  • Oelmüller R (1989) Photooxidative destruction of chloroplasts and its effect on nuclear gene expression and extraplastidic enzyme levels. Photochem. Photobiol. 49:229–239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Otter T, Penther J M, Mohr H (1992) Control of appearance of alanine aminotransferase in the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedling. Planta 188:376–383

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paul E A, Clark F E (1988) Soil Microbiology and Biochemistry. Academic Press, San Diego

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelsy F, Caboche M (1992) Molecular genetics of nitrate reductase in higher plants. Adv. Genet. 30:1–40

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Penther J M (1991) Analysis of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase isoforms in mustard (Sinapis alba L.) cotyledons. J. Chrom. 587:101–108

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Penther J M, Mohr H (1994) Plant aminotransferases. Nova Acta Leopoldina, Vol. 70, Nr. 288, The Terrestrial Nitrogen Cycle as Influenced by Man; Barth Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Leipzig, Berlin Heidelberg, in press

    Google Scholar 

  • Pepper I L, Bezdicek D F, (1990) Root microbial interactions and rhizosphere nutrient dynamics. In. Baligar V C, Duncan R R. (eds.), Crops as Enhancers of Nutrient Use. Academic Press, San Diego

    Google Scholar 

  • Pfefferkorn V (1993) Ein leicht abbaubares Unkrautbekämpfungsmittel. Spektrum der Wissenschaft 7:100–101

    Google Scholar 

  • Plachter H (1991) Naturschutz, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Quesada A, Galván A, Fernández E (1994) Identification of nitrate transporter genes in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plant J. 5:407–419

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Quick W P, Fichtner K, Schulze E D, Wendler R, Leegood R C, Mooney H, Rodermel S R, Bogorad L, Stitt M (1992) Decreased ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase in transgenic tobacco transformed with „antisense“ rbcS. IV. Impact on photosynthesis and conditions of altered nitrogen supply. Planta 188:522–531

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Quick W P, Schurr U, Scheibe R, Schulze E-D, Rodermel S R, Bogorad L, Stitt M (1991) Decreased ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase in transgenic tobacco transformed with „antisense“ rbcS. I. Impact on photosynthesis in ambient growth conditions. Planta 183:542–554

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rajagopalan M, Tirumala D, Raghavendra A S (1994) Molecular biology of C4 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase: Structure, regulation, and genetic engeneering. Photosynth. Res. 39:115–135

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rastogi R, Back E, Schneiderbauer A, Bowsher C G, Moffatt B, Rothstein S (1993) A 330bp region of the spinach nitrite reductase gene promoter directs nitrate-inducible tissue-specific expression in transgenic tobacco. Plant J. 4:317–326

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ratet P, Esnault R, Zuanazzi J, Sallaud C, Husson P, Coronado C, Dusha J, Savouré A, Dudits P, Schultze M, Bauer P, Crespi M, Jurkevitch E, Kondorosi E, Kondorosi A (1994) Molecular control of the development of nitrogen-fixing symbiosis. Nova Acta Leopoldina 70, Nr. 288, The Terrestrial Nitrogen Cycle as Influenced by Man; Barth Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Leipzig, Berlin Heidelberg, in press

    Google Scholar 

  • Redinbaugh M-G, Campbell W H (1991) Higher plants responses to evironmental nitrate. Physiol. Plant. 82:640–650

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riens B, Heldt H W (1992) Decrease of nitrate reductase activity in spinach leaves during a light-dark transition. Plant Physiol. 98:573–577

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson J M (1988) Spinach leaf chloroplast CO2 and NO2“ photoassimilations do not compete for photoregenerated reductant. Plant Physiol. 88:1373–1380

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rommel K (1992) Stillegung von Trinkwassergewinnungsanlagen. Baden-Württemberg in Wort und Zahl 7:312–315

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheele M, Isermeyer F, Schmitt G (1992) Umweltpolitische Strategien zur Lösung der Stickstoffproblematik in der Landwirtschaft. Arbeitsberichte des Institutes für Betriebswirtschaft der Bundesforschungsanstalt für Landwirtschaft, Braunschweig

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuster C, Mohr H (1990a) Appearance of nitrite-reductase mRNA in mustard seedling cotyledons is regulated by phytochrome. Planta 181:327–334

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schuster C, Mohr H (1990b) Photooxidative damage to plastids affects the abundance of nitrate-reductase mRNA in mustard cotyledons. Planta 181:125–128

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seith B, Neininger A, Mohr H (1994a) Regulation of nitrite reductase gene expression. Nova Acta Leopoldina 70, Nr. 288, The Terrestrial Nitrogen Cycle as Influenced by Man; Barth Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Leipzig, Berlin Heidelberg, in press

    Google Scholar 

  • Seith B, Schuster C, Mohr H (1991) Coaction of light, nitrate and a plastidic factor in controlling nitrite-reductase gene expression in spinach. Planta 184:74–80

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seith B, Setzer B, Flaig H, Mohr H (1994b) Appearance of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase and glutamine synthetase in different organs of the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedling as affected by light, nitrate and ammonium. Physiol. Plant., in press

    Google Scholar 

  • Seith B, Sherman A, Wray J L, Mohr, H. (1994c) Photocontrol of nitrite reductase gene expression in the barley seedling (Hordeum vulgare L.). Planta 192:110–117

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smirnoff, N., Stewart, G. R. (1985) Nitrate assimilation and translocation by higher plants: Comparative physiology and ecological consequences. Physiol. Plant. 64: 133–140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smirnoff N, Todd P, Stewart G R (1984) The occurrence of nitrate reduction in the leaves of woody plants. Ann Bot 54: 363–374

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Solomonson LP, Barber, M. J. (1990) Assimilatory nitrate reductase: functional properties and regulation. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 41:225–253

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Son D, Kobe A, Sugiyama T (1992) Nitrogen-dependent regulation of the gene for alanine aminotransferase which is involved in the C4 pathway of Panicum miliaceum. Plant Cell Physiol. 33:507–509

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Son D, Sugiyama T (1992) Molecular cloning of an alanine aminotransferase from NAD-malic enzyme type C4 plant Panicum miliaceum. Plant Mol. Biol. 20: 701–713

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spill D, Kaiser W M (1994) Partial purification of two proteins (lOOkDa and 67 kDa) cooperating in the ATP-dependent inactivation of spinach leaf nitrate reductase. Planta 192:183–188

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart G R (1993) The comparative ecophysiology of plant nitrogen metabolism. In: Porter J R, Lawler D W (eds.), Plant Growth: Interactions with Nutrition and Environment. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Stitt M, Schulze D (1994) Does Rubisco control the rate of photosynthesis and plant growth? An exercise in molecular ecophysiology. Plant, Cell Environment 17:465–487

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stulen I (1986) Interactions between nitrogen and carbon metabolism in a whole plant context. In: Lambers, H., Neetson, J. J., Stulen, I. (eds.), Fundamental, Ecological and Agricultural Aspects of Nitrogen in Higher Plants. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Ta C T (1991) Nitrogen metabolism in the stalk tissue of maize. Plant Physiol. 97:1375–1380

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tabeka G (1983) Phytochrome-mediated increase in glutamine synthetase activity in photosensitive New York lettuce seeds. Plant Cell Physiol. 24:1477–1483

    Google Scholar 

  • Temple S J, Knight T J, Unkefer P J, Sengupta-Gopalan C (1993) Modulation of glutamine synthetase gene expression in tobacco by the introduction of an alfalfa glutamine synthetase gene in sense and antisense orientation: molecular and biochemical analysis. Mol. Gen. Genet. 236:315–325

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsay Y-F, Schroeder J I, Feldmann K A, Crawford N M (1993) The herbicide sensitive gene CHL1 of Arabidopsis encodes a nitrate-inducible nitrate transporter. Cell 72: 705–713

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Udvardi M K, McDermott T R, Kahn M L (1993) Isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding NADP+-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase from soybean (Glycine max.). Plant Mol.Biol.21;739–752

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ueda T, Messing J (1993) Manipulation of amino acid balance in maize seeds. In: Setlow J K (ed.) Genetic Engeneering Vol. 15. Plenum Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Ullrich W R, Larsson M, Larsson C-M, Lesch S, Novacky A. (1984) Ammonium uptake in Lemna gibba Gl, related membrane potential changes, and inhibition of anion uptake. Physiol. Plant. 61:369–376

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vaucheret H, Chabaud M, Kronenberger J, Caboche M (1990) Functional complementation of tobacco and Nicotiana plumbaginifolia nitrate reductase deficient mutants by transformation with wild-type alleles of the tobacco structural genes. Mol. Gen. Genet. 220: 468–474

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vaucheret H, Kronenberger J, Lepingle A, Vilaine F, Boutin J-P, Caboche M (1992) Inhibition of tobacco nitrite reductase activity by expression of antisense RNA. Plant J. 2:559–569

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Verma D P S, Hu C-A, Zhang M (1992) Root nodule development: origin, function and regulation of nodulin genes. Physiol. Plant. 85:253–265

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vincentz M, Moureaux T, Leydecker M-T, Vaucheret H, Caboche M (1993) Regulation of nitrate and nitrite reductase expression in Nicotiana plumbaginifolia leaves by nitrogen and carbon metabolites. Plant J. 3:315–324

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang M Y, Glass ADM, Shaff J E, Kochian L (1994) Ammonium uptake by rice roots. III. Electrophysiology. Plant physiol. 104:899–906

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Warner R L, Kleinhofs A (1992) Genetics and molecular biology of nitrate metabolisms in higher plants. Physiol. Plant. 85:245–252

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watt D A, Amory A M, Cresswell C F (1993) Constitutive and inducible aspects of nitratenitrogen uptake by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Physiol. Plant. 89:507–511

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weber M, Schmidt S, Schuster C, Mohr, H. (1990) Factors involved in the coordinate appearance of nitrite reductase and glutamine synthetase in the mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seedling. Planta 180:429–434

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White T C R (1993) The Inadequate Environment. Nitrogen and the Abundance of Animals. Springer-Verlag, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Wray J L (1993) Molecular biology, genetics and regulation of nitrite reduction in higher plants. Physiol. Plant. 89:607–612

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhen R-L, Koyro, H-W, Leigh R A, Tomos A. D, Miller A J (1991) Compartmental nitrate concentrations in barley root cells measured with nitrate-selective microelectrodes and by single-cell sap sampling. Planta 185:356–361

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Hans Mohr
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Armin Neininger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1994 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Mohr, H., Neininger, A. (1994). Schwachstellen der Nitrat- und Ammoniumassimilation — eine Chance für die Gentechnik?. In: Schwachstellen der Nitrat- und Ammoniumassimilation — eine Chance für die Gentechnik. Sitzungsberichte der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, vol 1993/94 / 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46814-8_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46814-8_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-58708-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-46814-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation