Skip to main content

Aerosoltherapie bei obstruktiven Atemwegserkrankungen: Deposition, Applikationsarten, Inhalationstechniken, Inhalationshilfen

  • Conference paper
Advances in Internal Medicine and Pediatrics / Ergebnisse der Inneren Medizin und Kinderheilkunde

Zusammenfassung

Inhalationstherapie bedeutet heute die Behandlung des Atemwegstraktes mit einem Aerosol. Unter einem Aerosol versteht man ein 2-Phasen-System, welches aus einem Gas einerseits und Partikeln andererseits besteht, wobei die Partikel entweder fest (Suspensionsaerosol) oder flüssig (Lösungsaerosol) sein können (Newman u. Pavia 1985; Swift 1985).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  • Ahmad D (1984) Effects of aerosol propellants on airways function. In: Epstein SW (ed) Metered dose inhalers. Astra Pharmaceuticals Canada Ltd. pp 22–26

    Google Scholar 

  • American Thoracic Society (1980) Guidelines for the use of intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB). Resp Care 25: 365–370

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersen JB, Klausen NO (1982) A new mode of administration of nebulized bronchodilator in severe bronchospasm. Eur J Respir Dis (Suppl) 119: 97–100

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Asmundsson T, Johnson RF, Kilbum KH, Goodrich JK (1973) Efficiency of nebulizers for depositing saline in human lung. Am Rev Respir Dis 108: 506–512

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Auty RM, Brown K, Neale MG, Snashall PD (1987) Respiratory tract deposition of sodium cromoglycate is highly dependent upon technique of inhalation using the spinhaler. Br J Dis Chest 81: 371–380

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes KL, Clifford R, Holgate ST, Murphy D, Comber P, Bell E (1987) Bacterial contamination of home nebulisers. Br Med J 295: 812

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes PJ (1987) Pharmacology of the lower airways. In: Newman SP, Moren F, Crompton GK (eds) A new concept in inhalation therapy. Medioom pp 25–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Barron EN (1988) Proper technique for using inhalers in asthma. N Engl J Med 316 (15): 951–952

    Google Scholar 

  • Beasley CRW, O‘Donnell TV (1985) Pear shaped spacer nebuhaler compared with nebulised solution for terbutaline administration in acute severe asthma N Z Med J 98: 845–855

    Google Scholar 

  • Beasley CRW, Rafferty P, Holgate ST (1987a) Bronchoconstrictor properties of preservatives in ipratropium bromide ( Atrovent) nebuliser solution. Br Med J 294: 1197–1198

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beasley CRW, Rafferty P, Holgate ST (1987b) (Correspondence) Paradoxical response to nebulised salbutamol in wheezy infants. Thorax 42: 702–703

    Google Scholar 

  • Beasley CRW, Rafferty P, Holgate ST (1988) Adverse reactions to the non-drug constituents of nebuliser solutions. Br J Clin Pharmacol 25: 283–287

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becker AB, Simons FER, Benoit TC, Gillespie CA (1985) Terbutaline by metered-dose inhaler: conventional inhaler versus tube spacer for children with asthma. Ann Allergy 55: 724–728

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bell KA, Ho AT (1981) Growth rate measurements of hygroscopic aerosols under conditions simulating the respiratory tract. J Aerosol Sci 12 (3): 247–254

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berdel D, v Berg A (1986) Bronchospasmolytische Wirkung von Fenoterol and Ipratropiumbromid als Einzelsubstanz sowie in der fixen Kombination nach bukkaler Anwendung mittels Dosier-Aerosol bei Kindern. Atemw Lungenkrkh 12 (6): 262–265

    Google Scholar 

  • Berman DA, Noris R (1988) Inhaled bronchodilators in young pediatric asthmatic: a method of delivery. Am J Emerg Med 6 (2): 206

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Birk Madsen E, Bundgaard A, Hidinger KG (1982) Cumulative dose-response study comparing terbutaline pressurized aerosol administered via a pearshaped spacer and terbutaline in a nebulized solution. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 23: 27–30

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackhall MI, O‘Donnell SR (1987) A dose-response study of inhaled terbutaline administered via Nebuhaler or nebuliser to asthmatic children. Eur J Respir Dis 71: 96–101

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bloomfield P, Crompton GK (1979) A tube spacer to improve inhalation of drugs from pressurized aerosols. Br Med J 12 /8: 1479

    Google Scholar 

  • Botman MJ, de Krieger RA (1987) Contamination of small-volume medication nebulizers and its association with oropharyngeal colonization. J Hosp Infect 10: 204–208

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bouchikhi A, Becquemin MH, Bignon J, Roy M, Teillac A (1988) Particle size study of nine metered dose inhalers, and their deposition probabilities in the airways. Eur Respir J 1: 547–552

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boye NP. Komstad S (1983) A comparison of fenoterol powder capsules and fenoterol metered dose spray in bronchial asthma. Eur J Respir Dis 64 (Suppl 130): 9–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Brain JD, Valberg PA (1979) Deposition of arerosol in the respiratory tract. Am Rev Respir Dis 120: 1325–1373

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brain JD, Valberg PA, Sneddon S (1985) Mechanisms of aerosol deposition and clearance. In: Moren F, Newhouse MT, Dolovich MB (eds) Aerosols in medicine. Principle, diagnosis and therapy. Elsevier Sc (Biomed Divi), Amsterdam, 123–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Brennan PO (1983) (Correspondence) - Addiction to aerosol treatment. Br Med J 287:1877

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown A Jr, Schanker LS (1983) Absorption of aerolized drugs from the rat lung. Drug Metab Dispos 11 (4): 355–360

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bryant DH, Pepys J (1976) Bronchial reactions to aerosol inhalant vehicles. Br Med J May 29: 1319–1320

    Google Scholar 

  • Burton AJ (1984) Asthma inhalation devices: what do we know? Br Med J 288: 1650–1651

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Byron PR, Davis SS; Bubb MD, Cooper P (1977) Pharmaceutical implications of particle growth at high relative humidities. Pestic Sci 8: 521–526

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Canny GJ, Levison H (1988) Aerosols–therapeutic use and delivery in childhood asthma. Ann Allergy 60: 11–19

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chambers S, Dunbar J, Taylor B (1980) Inhaled powder compared with aerosol administration of fenoterol in asthmatic children. Br J Arch Dis Children, 55: 73–74

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chung KF, Jeyasingh K, Snashall PD (1988) Influence of airway calibre on the intrapulmonary dose and distribution of inhaled aerosol in normal and asthmatic subjects. Eur Respir J 1: 890–895

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cissik JH, Bode FR, Smith JA (1986) Double-blind crossover study of five bronchodilator medications and two delivery methods in stable asthma. Chest 90 (4): 489–493

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clarke SW (1988) Inhaler therapy. Quar J Med (N S)67, 253: 355–368

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarke SW, Newman SP (1981) Differences between pressurized aerosol and stable dust particles. Chest 80 (6): 907–909

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clarke SW, Pavia D, Newman SP (1982) Influence of different inhalation modes on the efficacy of pressurized aerosol bronchodilators. EurJ Respir Dis [Suppl 119] 63: 79–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Clay MM, Clarke SW (1987) Effect of nebulised aerosol size on lung deposition in patients with mild asthma. Thorax 42: 190–194

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clay MM, Pavia D, Nemwan SP, Clarke SW (1982) Efficiency of jet nebulisers in the production of therapeutic aerosols. Thorax 37: 788–789

    Google Scholar 

  • Clay MM, Pavia D, Newman SP, Lennard-Jones T, Clarke SW (1983) Assessment of jet nebulisers for lung aerosol therapy. Lancet Sept 10: 592–594

    Google Scholar 

  • Coady TJ, Davies HJ, Barnes P (1976a) Evaluation of a breath actuated pressurized aerosol. Clin Allergy 6: 1–6

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coady TJ, Stewart CJ, Davies HJ (1976b) Synchronization of bronchodilator release. Practitioner 217: 273–275

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Connolly CK (1975) Method of using pressurized aerosols. Br Med J July 5: 21

    Google Scholar 

  • Corr D, Dolovich M, McCormack D, Ruffin R, Obminski G, Newhouse M (1982) Design and characteri- stics of a breath actuated, particle size selective medical aerosol inhaler. J Aerosol Sci 13 (1): 1–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Crimi N, Palermo F, Cacopardo B, Vancheri C, Oliveti R, Palermo B, Mistretta A (1987) Bronchodilator effect of aerochamber and inspirease in comparison with metered dose inhaler. Eur J Respir Dis 71: 153–157

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crompton GK (1971) Breath-activated Aerosol. Br Med J June 12: 652

    Google Scholar 

  • Crompton GK (1982a) Problems patients have using pressurized inhalers. Eur J Respir Dis [Suppl 119] 63: 101–104

    Google Scholar 

  • Crompton GK (1982b) Sputum viscosity and long-term ipratropium bromide nebuliser therapy. Lancet May 29:1243

    Google Scholar 

  • Crompton GK (1982c) Inhalation devices. Eur J Respir Dis 63: 489–492

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crompton GK (1988) New inhalation devices. Eur Respir J 1: 679–680

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cushley MJ, Lewis RA, Tattersfield AE (1983) Comparison of three techniques of inhalation on the airway response to terbutaline. Thorax 38: 908–913

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dale BAS (1987) Bacterial contamination of home nebulisers. Br Med J 295: 1486

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davies DS (1975) Pharmacokinetics of inhaled substances. Postgraduate Med J 51 [Suppl]: 69–75

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davies DS (1982) Pharmacokinetic studies with inhaled drugs. Eur J Respir Dis [Suppl 119] 63: 67–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis SS (1978) Physico-chemical studies on aerosol solutions for drug delivery. I. Water-propylen glycol systems. Int J Pharm 1: 71–83

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dirksen H, Groth S (1983) Fenoterol inhalation powder as an alternative to treatment with the metered dose inhaler. Eur J Respir Dis 64 [Suppl 1301: 48–53

    Google Scholar 

  • Dirksen H, Groth S, Mygind N (1983) The bronchodilating effect of fenoterol after intranasal administration. Eur J Respir Dis 64 [Suppl 1281: 116–118

    Google Scholar 

  • Dolovich M (1984) Lung deposition of aerosols: methods and assessments. In: Epstein SW (ed) Metered dose inhalers. Astra Pharmaceuticals Canada Ltd, pp 27–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Dolovich M, Ruffin RE, Roberts R, Newhouse MT (198la) Optimal delivery of aerosols from metered dose inhalers. Chest 80 (6):911–915

    Google Scholar 

  • Dolovich M, Ryan G, Newhouse MT (1981b) Aerosol penetration into the lung–influence on airway responses. Chest 80 (6): 834–836

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dolovich M, Ruffin RE, Corr D, Newhouse MT (1983) Clinical evaluation of a simple demand inhalation MDI aerosol delivery device. Chest 81 (1): 36–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Dolovich M, Vanzieleghem M, Hidinger KG (1988) Influence of inspiratory flow rate on the response to terbutaline sulphate inhaled via the turbuhaler. Am Rev Respir Dis 137 (4): 433

    Google Scholar 

  • Duncan D, Paterson IC, Harris D, Crompton GK (1977) Comparison of the bronchodilator effects of salbutamol inhaled as a dry powder and by conventional pressurised aerosol. Br J Clin Pharmacol 4: 669–671

    Google Scholar 

  • Durrani FK, Richards W, CHurch JA, Roberts MJ, Keens TG (1988) Evaluation of a new, shorter method of administration of drenergic aerosols in the treatment of asthma. Ann Allergy 61: 147–150

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Earis JE, Bernstein A (1978) Misuse of pressurised nebulisers. Br Med J June 10: 1554

    Google Scholar 

  • Editorial (1975) Fluorocarbon aerosol propellants. Lancet May 10: 1073

    Google Scholar 

  • Editorial (1978) Wet or dry inhalers? Lancet Jan 14: 79–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Editorial (1981) The proper use of aerosol bronchodilators. Lancet Jan 3: 23

    Google Scholar 

  • Editorial (1984) The nebuliser epidemic. Lancet Oct 6: 789

    Google Scholar 

  • Editorial (1988) Nebulizers and paradoxical bronchoconstriction. Lancet July 23: 202

    Google Scholar 

  • Eedy DJ, Barton K, Stanford CF (1988) Irritant contact facial dematitis due to nebulize therapy. Postgr Med J 64: 306–307

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ellul-Micallef R, Moren F, Wetterlin K, Hidinger KC (1980) Use of a special inhaler attachment in astmatic children. Thorax 35: 620–623

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Emmett PC, Aitken RJ, Hannan WJ (1982) Measurements of the total and regional deposition of inhaled particles in the human respiratory tract. J Aerosol Sci 13 (6): 549–560

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Engel T, Reinig JH, Mailing HJ, Scharling B, Nihander K, Madsen F (1989) Clinical comparison of inhaled budenoside delivered either via presserized metered dose inhale or Tubuhah. Allergy 44: 220–225

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Epstein SW, Duncan CS (1984) The use of MDI‘s in clinical medicine. In: Epstein SW (ed) Metered dose inhalers. Astra Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Canada, pp 59–62

    Google Scholar 

  • Epstein SW, Manning CPR, Ashley MJ, Corey PN (1979) Survey of the clinical use of pressurised aerosol inhalers. Can Med Assoc J 120: 813–816

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Epstein SW, Parsons JE, Corey PN, Worsley GH, Reilly PA (1983) A comparison of three means of pressurized aerosol inhaler use. Am Rev Respir Dis 128: 253–255

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eschenbacher WL, Boushey HA, Sheppard D (1984) Alteration in osmolarity of inhaled aerosols cause bronchoconstriction and cough, but absence of a permanent anion causes cough alone. Am Rev Respir Dis 129: 211–215

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Exner M, Vogel F, Rost HD (1983) Mikroorganismen in Inhalationsgeräten der Heimtherapie. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 108: 12–17

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fairchild CI, Stampfer JF (1987) Particle concentration in exhaled breath. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 48 (11): 948–949

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fairshter RD (1987) Evaluation of a metered-dose aerosol delivery system using partial flow-volume curves. Am Rev Respir Dis 135: 741–743

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferron GA (1977) The size of soluble aerosol particles as a function of the humidity of the air. Application to the human respiratory tract. J Aerosol Sci 8: 251–267

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fern GA, Kerrebijn KF, Weber J (1976) Properties of aerosols produced with three nebulizers. Am Rev Respir Dis 114: 899–908

    Google Scholar 

  • Freelander M, Van Asperen PP (1984) Nebuhaler versus nebuliser in children with acute asthma. Br Med J 288: 1873–1874

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fuglsang G, Pedersen S (1986) Comparison of nebuhaler and nebulizer treatment of acute severe asthma in children. Eur J Respir Dis 69: 109–113

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fuller HD (1986) Comparison of two chamber devices in patients using a metered-dose inhaler with satisfactory technique. Can Med Assoc J 135: 625–629

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gerrity TR, Garrard CS, Yeates DB (1981) Theoretic analysis of sites of aerosol deposition in the human lung. Chest 80 (6): 898–901

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gervais A, Begin P (1987) Bronchodilatation with a metered-dose inhaler plus an extension using tidal breathing vs jet nebulization. Chest 92 (5): 822–824

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gleeson JGA, Price JF (1988) Controlled trial of budenoside given by the nebuhaler in preeschool children with asthma. Br Med J 297: 163–166

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Godden DJ, Crompton GK (1981) An objective assessment of the tube spacer in patients unable to use a conventional pressurized aerosol efficiently. Br J Dis Chest 75: 165–168

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gomm SA, Keaney NP, Hunt LP, Allen SC, Stretton TB (1983) Dose-response comparison of ipratropium bromide from a metered-dose inhaler and by jet nebulisation. Thorax 38: 297–301

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gurwitz D, Levison H, Mindorff C, Reilly P, Worsley G (1983) Assessment of a new device ( Aerochamber) for use with aerosol drugs in asthmatic Children. Ann Allergy 50: 166–170

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hampson NB, Mueller MP (1989) (Correspondence) Cooling of metered-dose inhalers decreases pressure output from canisters. New Engl J Med 320 (5):321

    Google Scholar 

  • Hausen T (1984) Inhalationsbehandlung bei chronischen Atemwegserkrankungen. Therapiewoche 34: 1309–1315

    Google Scholar 

  • Hausen T (1986) Worauf Sie bei der Verordnung achten müssen.–Umgang mit Dosier-Aerosolen and Inhaliergeäten bei obstruktiven Atemwegserkrankungen. Der Allgemeinarzt 8 (8): 1138–1150

    Google Scholar 

  • Henry RL, Milner AD, Davies JG (1983) Simple drug delivery system for use by young asthmatics. Br Med J 286: 2121

    Google Scholar 

  • Hetzel MR, Clark TJH (1977) Comparison of salbutamol Rotahaler with conventional pressurized aerosol. Clin Allergy 7: 563–568

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heyder J (1981) Mechanisms of aerosol particle deposition. Chest 80 (6): 820–823

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heyder J (1982) Particle transport onto human airway surfaces. Eur J Respir Dis [Suppl 119] 63: 29–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Hidinger KG, Perk J (1981) Clinical trial of a modified inhaler for pressurized aerosols. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 20: 109–111

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Higgs CMB, Jones P, Transer AR (1987) Bacterial contamination of home nebulisers. Br Med J 295: 1281–1282

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill LS (1988) The inhaled route of drug administration in the therapy of asthma. Br J Clin Prac 42 (8): 313–315

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hiller C, Mazumder MK, Wilson JD, Bone RC (1978) Aerodynamic size distribution of metered-dose bronchodilator aerosols. Am Rev Respir Dis 118: 311–317

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hiller C, Mazumder MK, Wilson JD, Renninger RG, Bone RC (1981) Physical properties of therapeutic aerosols. Chest 80 (6): 901–903

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hodges IGC, Milner AD, Stokes GM (1981) Assessment of a new device for delivering aerosol drugs to asthmatic children. Arch Dis Child 56: 787–800

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Horsley MG, Bailie GR (1988) Rish factors for inaedequate use of pressurized aerosol inhalers. J Clin Pharm Ther 13: 139–143

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Houlsby WT, Bannister OM (1987) Teaching young asthmatics to use inhalers. The Practitioner 231: 362

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Itoh H, Ishii Y, Meda H, Todo G, Torizuka K, Smaldone GC (1981) Clinical observations of aerosols deposition in patients with airways obstruction. Chest 80 (6): 837–840

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johansen B (1982) Closing remarks. Eur J Respir Dis [Suppl 119] 63: 123–125

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnsen CR, Weeke ER (1988) Turbuhaler: a new device for dry powder turbutaline inhalation. Allergy 43: 392–395

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins SC, Heaton RW, Fulton TJ, Moxham J (1987) Comparison of domiciliary nebulized salbutamol and salbutamol from a metered-dose inhaler in stable chronic airflow limitation. Chest 91 (6): 804–807

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jones PD, Moritz V, Pierce RJ (1985) Microbial contamination of domiciliary nebuliser therapy equipment. Aust NZ J Med 15: 585–589

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim CS, Trujillo D, Sackner MA (1985) Size aspects of metered-dose inhaler aerosols. Am Rev Respir Dis 132: 137–142

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim CS, Eldridge MA, Sackner MA (1987) Oropharyngeal deposition and delivery aspects of metered-dose inhaler aerosols. Am Rev Respir Dis 135: 157–164

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kitzman DW (1988) Inhalers and cold weather. North Carolina Med J 49 (2): 109

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kjellman B (1982) Inhalation therapy in children Eur J Respir Dis [Suppl 119] 63: 115–119

    Google Scholar 

  • Kjellman NIM (1981) Letter to the editor. Allergy 36: 437–438

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kjeflman NIM, Hidinger KG (1981) Improved efficacy of pressurized terbutaline aerosol in childhood asthma using a spacer. Opuscula Medica 26 (2): 47–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Klein G, Köhler D, Fleischer D, Zähringer T, Matthys H (1984) Gibt es Wirkungsunterschiede auf die bronchiale Obstruktion zwischen totaler und intrabronchialer Deposition von 200 ug Fenoterol? Verh Dtsch Ges Inn Med 90: 1096–1098

    Google Scholar 

  • Klein G, Köhler D, Matthys H (1988) Unterschiedliche Reaktion des Bronchialsystems auf zentrale oder periphere Inhalation eines Parasympathomimetikums. Atemw Lungenkrkht 14 (7): 313–316

    Google Scholar 

  • Köhler D (1988) Vor-und Nachteile verschiedener Inhalationsgeräte. Dtsch Ärztebl 31 (3):C-79 - C-81

    Google Scholar 

  • Köhler D, Simonides R, Rothfuss J, Vatsag E, Daikeler G, Matthys H (1983) Aerosolverteilungsmuster von 16 handelsüblichen Inhalationsgeräten. Prax Klin Pneumo137: 922–924

    Google Scholar 

  • Köhler D, Fleischer W, Schiimichen C, Matthys H (1985) Depositionsmuster von Dosieraerosol im menschlichen Organismus. Atemw Lungenkrkht 11 (7): 340–341

    Google Scholar 

  • Köhler D, Fleischer W, Matthys H (1986) Inhalationstherapie. Gedon & Reuss, München

    Google Scholar 

  • Köhler D, Fleischer W, Matthys H (1988) New method for easy labeling of beta-2-agonists in the metered dose inhaler with technetium 99 m. Respiration 53: 65–73

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • König P (1985) Spacer devices used with metered-dose inhalers–breakthrough or gimmick? Chest 88 (2): 276–284

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • König P, Gayer D, Kantak A, Kreutz C, Douglass B, Hordvik NL (1988) A trial of metaproterenol by metered-dose inhaler and two spacers in preeschool asthmatics. Pediatr Pulmonol 5: 247–251

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Komstad S, Boye NP (1983) Patient errors and preference with regard to the use of a bronchodilating spray and fenoterol (Berotec) powder. EurJ Respir Dis 64 ISuppl 1301: 12–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Landensuo A, Muittari A (1986) Bronchodilator effects of a fenoterol metered dose inhaler and fenoterol powder in asthmatics with poor inhaler technique. Eur J Respir Dis 68: 225–332

    Google Scholar 

  • Latimer KM, Roberts R, Dolovich J, Hargreave FE (1982) Salbutamol: comparison of bronchodilating effect of inhaled powder and aerosol in asthmatic subjects. Can Med Assoc J 127: 857–859

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laursen LC (1986) A new inhalation technique for improved effect of aerolized drugs in asthma. Allergy 41: 157–159

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lawford P, McKenzie D (1981) Pressurized aerosol technique. Lancet May 2: 1003–1004

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawford P, McKenzie D (1983) Pressurized aerosol inhaler technique: How important are inhalation from residual volume, inspiratory flow rate and the time interval between puffs? Br J Chest 77: 276–281

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee HS (1983) Proper aerosol inhalation technique for delivery of asthma medications. Clin Pediatr 22 (6): 440–443

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee HS, Evans HE (1984) Aerosol bag for administration of bronchodilators to young asthmatic children. Pediatrics 73 (2): 230–232

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee HS, Evans HE (1987a) Evaluation of inhalation aids of metered dose inhalers in asthmatic children. Chest 91 (3): 366–369

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee HS, Evans HE (19876) Aerosol inhalation teaching device. J Pediatr 110: 249–252

    Google Scholar 

  • Levison H, Reilly PA, Worsley GH (1985) Spacing devices and metered-dose inhalers in childhood asthma. J Pediatr 107 (5) 662–668

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis RA, Fleming JS (1985) Fractional deposition from a jet nebulizer: how it differs from a metered dose inhaler. Br J Chest 79: 361–367

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lindemann H (1983) Die Inhalationsbehandlung in der kinderärztlichen Praxis. Pädiat Prax 28: 449–459

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindgren SB, Bake B, Larsson S (1987) Clinical consequences of inadequate inhalation technique in asthma therapy. Eur J Respir Dis 70: 93–98

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lindgren SB, Formgren H, Moren F (1980) Improved aerosol therapy of asthma: effect of actuator tube size on drug availability. Eur J Respir Dis 61: 56–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Löllgen H, v. Nieding G, Krekeler H (1978) Zur bronchialerweitemden Wirkung ß-adrenerger Substanzen bei oraler, bukkaler und inhalativer Anwendung. Atemw Lungenkrkht 4 (6): 401–404

    Google Scholar 

  • Loren M, Chai H, Miklich D, Barwise G (1977) Comparison between simple nebulization and intermittent positive-pressure in asthmatic children with severe bronchospasm. Chest 72 (2): 145–147

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lowry RH, Wood Am, Higenbottam TW (1988) Effects of pH and osmolarity on aerosol-induced cough in normal volunteers. Clin Sci 74: 373–376

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MacFarlane JT, Lane DJ (1980) Irregularities in the use of regular aerosol inhalers. Thorax 35: 477–478

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maddem PJ, Oh TE, Elphick HR, Paterson JW (1978) Adverse reaction after aerosol inhalation. Med J Aust 1: 274–275

    Google Scholar 

  • Mallol J, Barmeto L, Girardi G, Toro O (1987) Bronchodilator effect of fenoterol and ipratropium bromide in infants with acute wheezing: Use of MDI with a spacer device. Pediatr Pulmonol 3: 352–356

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marion RJ, Creer TL, Bums K (1983) Training asthmatic children to use their nebnlizPr correctly. J Asthma 20 (3): 183–188

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Matthys H, Köhler D (1985) Pulmonary deposition of aerosols by different mechanical devices. Respiration 48: 269–276

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Matthys H, Köhler D (1988) Aerosoltherapie. Prax Kim Pneumol 42: 314–319

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthys H, Eltschka R, App EM (1988) Deposition eines markierten B2-Sympathomimetikum-Aerosols. Atemw Lungenkrkht 14 (10): 485–488

    Google Scholar 

  • McCarthy TP (1988) (Correspondence) Nebulised budenoside in severe childhood asthma. Lancet February 18:379–380

    Google Scholar 

  • McLean AEM (1977) Chlorofluorocarbons–in the can, in man an in the atmosphere. Br J Clin Pharmacol 4: 663–666

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Milner AD (1986) (Correspondence) Nebulisers - uses and abuses. Arch Dis Child 61:1142–1148

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell DM, Solomon MA, Tolfree SEJ, Short M, Spiro SG (1987) Effect of particle size of bronchodilator aerosols on lung distribution and pulmonary function in patients with chronic asthma. Thorax 42: 457–461

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Molina MJ, Rowland FS (1974) Stratospheric sink for chlorofluoromethanes: chlorine atom catalysed destruction of ozone. Nature 249: 810–812

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moren F (1978a) Drug deposition of pressurized inhalation aerosols. I. Influence of actuator tube design. Int J Phann 1: 205–212

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moren F (1978b) Drug deposition of pressurized inhalation aerosols, II. Influence of vapour pressure and metered volume. Int J Pharm 1: 213–218

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moren F (1982) Drug deposition of pressurized inhalation aerosols. Eur J Respir Dis [Suppl 119] 63: 51–55

    Google Scholar 

  • Moren F (1984) Formulation and design of metered dose inhalers. In: Epstein SW (ed) Metered dose inhalers. Astra Pharmaceuticals Canada Ltd, pp 1–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Moren F (1985) Aerosol dosage forms and formulations. In: Moren F, Newhouse MT, Dolovich MB (eds) Aerosols in medicine. Principles, Diagnosis and therapy. Elsevier Sci (Biomed Div); Amsterdam 261–287

    Google Scholar 

  • Moren F, Andersson J (1980) Fraction of dose exhaled after administration of pressurized inhalation aerosols. Int J Pharm 6: 295–300

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moren F, Andersson J, Stiksa G (1984) Mode of inhalation for trained and untrained asthmatics using a pressurized aerosol. Respiration 45: 56–60

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morgan MDL, Singh BV, Frame MH, Williams SJ (1982) Terbutaline aerosol given through pear spacer in acute severe asthma Br Med J 285: 849–850

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morrison-Smith J, Gwynn CM (1978) A clinical comparison of aerosol and powder administration of beclomethason dipropionate in asthma. Clin Allergy 8: 479–481

    Google Scholar 

  • Morrow PE, Yu CP (1985) Models of aerosol behavior in airways. In: Moren F, Newhouse MT, Dolovich MB (eds) Aerosols in medicine. Principles, diagnosis and therapy. Elsevier Sci (Biomed Div) Amsterdam, pp 149–191

    Google Scholar 

  • Newhouse MT (1984) Metered dose inhaler aerosol propellants. In: Epstein SW (ed) Metered dose inhalers. Astra Pharmaceuticals Canada Ltd. pp 6–18

    Google Scholar 

  • Newhouse MT, Dolovich M (1986a) Control of asthma by aerosols. N Engl J Med 315 (14): 870–874

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newhouse MT, Dolovich M (1986b) Spacer devices for asthma. J Pediatr 109 (5): 913

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newhouse MT, Dolovich M (1986c) Aerosol therapy of asthma: Principles and applications. Respiration 50 [Suppl] 21: 123–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Newhouse MT, Dolovich M (1987a) Aerosol therapy: Nebulizer vs metered dose inhaler. Chest 91 (6): 799–800

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newhouse MT, Dolovich M (1987b) Aerosol therapy of reversible airflow obstruction. Chest 91 (5) [Suppl]: 58S - 64S

    Google Scholar 

  • Newhouse MT, Ruffin RE (1978) Deposition and fate of aerosolized drugs. Chest 73 (6): 936–943

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newman SP (1983) Deposition and effects of inhalation aerosols. AB DRACO, Lund Sweden

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman SP, Clarke SW (1985) Aerosols in therapy. In: Moren F, Newhouse MT, Dolovich MB (eds) Aerosols in medicine. Principles, diagnosis and therapy. Elsevier Sci Publ (Biomed Div), Amsterdam, pp 289–312

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman SP, Pavia D (1985) Aerosol deposition in man. In: Moren F, Newhouse MT, Dolovich MB (eds) Aerosols in medicine. Principles, diagnosis and therapy. Elsevier Sci (Biomed Div), Amsterdam, pp 193–217

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman SP, Pavia D, Clarke SW (1980) Simple instructions for using pressurised aerosol bronchodilators. J R Soc Med 73: 776–779

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newman SP, Pavia D, Clarke SW (1981a) Improving the bronchial deposition of pressurized aerosols. Chest 80 (6): 909–911

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newman SP, Pavia D, Clarke SW (198lb) How should a pressurized B-adrenergic bronchodilator be inhaled? Eur J Respir Dis 62: 3–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman SP, Moren F, Pavia D, Little F, Clarke SW (1981c) Deposition of pressurized suspension aerosols inhaled through extension Devices. Am Rev Respir Dis 124: 317–320

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newman SP, Pavia D, Garland N, Clarke SW (1982) Effects of various inhalation modes on the deposition of radioactive pressurized aerosols. Eur J Respir Dis [Suppl 119] 63: 57–65

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman SP, Millar AB, Lennard-Jones TR, Moren F, Clarke SW (1984a) Improvement of pressurised aerosol deposition with Nebuhaler spacer device. Thorax 39: 935–941

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newman SP, Millar AB, Lennard-Jones TR, Moren F, Clarke SW (1984b) Improved pressurised aerosol deposition pattern with the Nebuhaler spacer. Am Rev Respir Dis 129: 4

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman SP, Moren F, Trofast E, Woodman G, Clarke SW (1987a) Deposition patterns in man from turbuhaler: a preliminary report. In: Newman SP, Moren F, Crompton GK (eds) A new concept in inhalation therapy. Medicom, pp 104–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman SP, Pellow PGD, Clarke SW (1987b) In vitro comparison of deVilbiss jet and ultrasonic nebulizers. Chest 92 (6):991–994

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newman SP, Johnson MA, Clarke SW (1988) (Correspondence) - Effect of particle size of bronchodilator aerosols on lung distribution and pulmonary function in patients with chronic asthma. Thorax 43: 159

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newman SP, Moren F, Trofast E, Talaee N, Clarke SW (1989) Deposition and clinical efficacy or terbutaline sulphate from Turbuhaler, a new multi-dose powder inhaler. Eur Respir J 2: 247–252

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nieminen MM, Holli H, Landensuo A, Muittari A, Karvonen J (1987) Aerosol deposition in automatic dosimeter nebulization. Eur J Respir Dis 71: 145–152

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nilsson HT, Simonsson BG, Strom B (1975) The fate of 3H-terbutaline sulphate administered to man as an aerosol. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 10: 1–7

    Google Scholar 

  • Nolte D, Berger D, Förster E (1979) Wirken Treibgase von Dosier-Aerosolen bronchokonstriktorisch? Dtsch Med Wochenschr, 104: 172–174

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O‘Callaghan C, Milner AD (1986) Pradoxial deterioration in lung function after nebulised salbutamol in wheezy infants. Lancet Dec 20: 1424–1425

    Google Scholar 

  • O‘Callaghan C, Milner AD (1987) Paradoxical response to nebulised salbutamol in wheezy infants. Thorax 42: 702–703

    Google Scholar 

  • O‘Callaghan C, Milner AD (1988) Aerosol treatment abuse. Arch Dis Child, 63: 70

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oherek J, Gayrard P, Grimaud C, Charpin J (1976) Patient error in use of bronchodilator metered aerosols. Br Med J 1: 76

    Google Scholar 

  • Paterson IC, Crompton GK (1976) Use of pressurised aerosols by asthmatic patients. Br Med J Jan 10: 76–77

    Google Scholar 

  • Pauwels R (1985) Pharmacokinetics of inhaled drugs. In: Moren F, Newhouse MT, Dolovich MB (eds) Aerosols in medicine. Principles, diagnosis and therapy. Elsevier Sci (Biomed Div), Amsterdam, pp 219–224

    Google Scholar 

  • Pauwels R, Lamont H, Hidinger K, Straetenvd M (1984) Influence of an extension tube on the bronchodilator efficacy of terbutaline delivered from a metered dose inhaler. Respiration 45: 61–66

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pavia D, Thomson ML, Clarke SW, Shannon HS (1977) Effect of lung function and mode of inhalation om penetration of aerosol into the human lung. Thorax 32: 194–197

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pavia D, Thomson ML, Clarke SW (1978) Enhanced clearance of secretions from the human lung after the administration of hypertonic saline aerosol. Am Rev Respir Dis 117: 199–203

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pavia D, Lopez-Vidriero MT, Sutton PP, Clarke SW (1982) Long-term ipratropium bromide nebuliser therapy and lung mucociliary clearance. Lancet 2: 332–333

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pavia D, Agnew JE, Lopez-Vidriero MT, Newman SP, Clarke SW (1984) The effect of metered dose aerosols on the viscoelastic properties and clearance of bronchial secretions. In: Epstein SW (ed) Metered dose inhalers. Astra Pharmaceuticals Canada Ltd, pp 38–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen S (1983) Aerosol treatment of bronchoconstriction in children, with or without a tube spacer. N Engl J Med 308 (22): 1328–1330

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen S (1985a) Treatment of acute bronchoconstriction in children with use of a tube spacer aerosol and a dry powder inhaler. Allergy 40: 300–304

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen S (1985b) Optimal use of tube spacer in asthmatic children. Clin Allergy 15: 473–478

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen S (1986a) How to use a rotahaler. Arch Dis Child 61: 11–14

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen S (1986b) The importance of a pause between the inhalation of two puffs of terbutaline from a pressurized aerosol with a tube spacer. J Allergy Clin Immunol 77 (3):505–509

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen S (1987) Inhaler use in children with asthma. Dan Med Bull 34 (5): 234–249

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen S, Prahl P (1987) Jet-nebulized beclomethasone dipropionate in the management of bronchial asthma. Allergy 42: 272–275

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen S, Steffensen G (1986a) Simplification of inhalation therapy in asthmatic children. Allergy 41: 296–301

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen S, Steffenson G (1986b) Fenoterol powder inhaler technique in children: influence of inspiratory flow rate and breath-holding. Eur J Respir Dis 68: 207–214

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen S, Frost L, Amfred T (1986) Errors in inhalation technique and efficinecy in inhaler use in asthmatic children. Allergy 41: 118–124

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Persson G, Gruvstad E, Stahl E (1988) A new miltiple dose powder inhaler, ( Turbuhaler), compared with a pressurized inhaler in a study of terbutaline in asthmatics. Eur Respir J 1: 681–684

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pierce Ak, Sanford JP, Thomas GD, Leonard JS (1970) Long-term evaluation of decontamination of inhalation-therapy equipment and the occurence of necotizing pneumonia. N Engl J Med 282 (10): 528–531

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pool JB, Greenough A, Gleeson JGA, Price IF (1988) Inhaled bronchodilator treatment via the nebuhaler in young asthmatic patients. Arch Dis Child, 63: 288–291

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Polli GP, Grim WM, Bacher FA, Yunker MH (1969) Influence of formulation on aerosol particle size. J Phann Sci 58 (4): 484–486

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pover GM, Langdon CG, Jones SR, Fidler C (1988) Evaluation of a breath operated powder inhaler. J Int Med Res 16: 201–203

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prahl P, Jensen T (1987) Decreased adreno-cortical suppression utilizing the nebuhaler for inhalation of steroid aerosols. Clin Allergy 17: 393–398

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pratt HF (1982) Abuse of salbutamol inhalers in young people. Clin Allergy 12: 203–208

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prendiville A, Green S, Silverman M (1987) Paradoxical response to nebulised salbutamol in wheezy infants, assessed by partial expiratory flow-volume curves. Thorax 42: 86–91

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pritchard JN (1987) Particle growth in the airways and the influence of airflow. In: Newman SP, Moren F, Crompton GK (eds) A New Concept in Inhalation Therapy. Medicom, pp 3–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Rachelefsky GS, Rohr AS, Wo J, Gracey V, Spector SL, Siegel SC, Katz RM, Mickey MR (1986) Use of a tube spacer to improve the efficacy of a metered-dose inhaler in asthmatic children. Am J Dis Child 140: 1191–1193

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rao S, Wilson DB, Brooks RC, Sproule BJ (1970) Acute effects of nebulization of N-acetylcystein on pulmonary mechanics and gas exchange. Am Rev Respir Dis 102: 17–22

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rees PJ, an TM, Moren F (1982) The importance of particle size in response to inhaled bronchodilators. Eur J Respir Dis [Suppl 119[63: 73–78

    Google Scholar 

  • Reiser J, Warner JO (1986) Inhalation treatment for asthma. Arch Dis Child 61: 88–94

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reiser J, Frame MH, Warner JO (1986) The potential value of a 750-ml spacer for the administration of inhaled corticosteroids to children. Pediatr Puhnonol 2: 237–243

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Richards R, Simpson SF, Renwick AG, Holgate ST (1988) Inhalation rate of sodium cromoglycate determines plasma phannakokinetics and protection against AMP-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma. Eur Respir J 1: 896–901

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riley DJ, Weitz BW, Edelman NH (1976) The response of asthmatic subjects to isoproterenol inhaled at differing lung volumes. Am Rev Respir Dis 114: 509–515

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riley DJ, Liu RT, Edelman NH (1979) Enhanced responses to aerolized bronchodilator therapy in asthma using respiratory maneauvers. Chest 76 (5): 501–507

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rivlin J, Mindorff C, Levison H, Kazim F, Reilly P, Worsley G (1983) Effect of administration technique on bronchodilator response to fenoterol in a metered-dose inhaler. J Pediatr 102 (3): 470–472

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rivlin J, Mindorff C, Reilly P, Levison H (1984) Pulmonary response to a bronchodilator delivered from three inhalation devices. J Pediatr 104 (3): 470–473

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodenstein D, Stanescu DC (1982) Mouth spraying versus inhalation of fenoterol aerosol in healthy subjects and asthmatic patients. Br J Dis Chest 76: 365–373

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rothe T, Mansfeld H-J, Schmitz-Schumann M (1988) Dosieraerosole in der Behandlung des kindlichen Asthma bronchiale. Der Kinderarzt 19 (5): 679–684

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruffin RE, Montgomery JM, Newhouse MT (1978a) Site of beta-adrenergic receptors in the respiratory tract. Chest 74 (3): 256–260

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruffin RE, Obminsky G, Newhouse MT (1978b) Aerosol salbutamol administration by IPPB: lowest effective dose. Thorax 33: 689–693

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruffin RE, Dolovich MB, Wolff RK, Newhouse MT (1978c) The effects of preferential deposition of histamine in the human airway. Am Rev Respir Dis 117: 485–492

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruffin RE, Kenworthy MC, Newhouse MT (1978d) Response of asthmatic patients to fenoterol inhalation: A method of quantifying the airway bronchodilator dose. Clin Pharmacol Ther 23 (3): 338–345

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Russell G, Frame M (1986) Terbutaline by Nebuhaler in young children. The Practitioner 230: 1043–1046

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Russi E (1983) Aerosoltherapie. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 113 (35): 1234–1238

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Russi E (1985) Praktische Aspekte der Inhalationstherapie mit Aerosolen. Schweiz Rundschau Med (Praxis) 74 (9): 207–210

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan G, Dolovich MB, Obminski G, Cockroft DW, Juniper E, Hargreave FE, Newhouse MT (1981) Standardization of inhalation provocation tests: influence of nebulizer output, particle size, and method of inhalation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 67 (2): 156–161

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ryrfeldt A (1987) Pharmacokinetic aspects of drugs for inhalation. In: Newman SP, Moren F, Crompton GK (eds) A new concept in inhalation therapy. Medicom, pp 49–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Sackner MA, Epstein S, Wanner A (1976) Effect of beta-adrenergic agonists aerolized by freon propellant on tracheal mucous velocity and cardiac output. Chest 69 (5): 593–598

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sackner MA, Brown LK, Kim CS (1981) Basis of an improved metered aerosol delivery system. Chest, 80 (6): 915–918

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salorinne Y, Siren R (1983) Ventilation effects of fenoterol powder and freon-propelled aerosol in patients with asthma. Eur J Respir Dis 64 [Suppl 130]: 6–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Salzman GA, Pryszczynski DR (1988) Oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients treated with beclomethasone dipropionate delivered by metered-dose inhaler alone and with aerochamber. J Allergy Clin Immunol 81: 424–428

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saunders KB (1965) Misuse of inhaled bronchodilator agents. Br Med J 1: 1037–1038

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schanker LS (1978) Drug absorption from the lung. Biochem Pharmacol 27: 381–385

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schön MH, Bruderer K (1988) Der Einfluß hyperosmolarer Mischlösungen von Natriumchlorid and ß2Sympathomimetika auf die Lungenfunktion von asthmatischen Kindern and Adoleszenten. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 118: 1377–1381

    Google Scholar 

  • Seifert CF, Hamilton SF (1988) Incorrect instructions for use of metered-dose inhalers. Am J Hosp Pharm 45: 75–76

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sheppard D, Rizk NW, Boushey HA, Bethel RA (1983) Mechanism of cough and bronchoconstriction induced by destilled water aerosol. Am Rev Respir Dis 127: 691–694

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shim C (1987) Inhalation aids of metered dose inhalers. Chest 91 (3): 315–316

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shim C, Williams MH (1980) The adequacy of inhalation of aerosol from canister nebulizers. Am J Med 69: 891–894

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shore SC, Weinberg EG, Dun MH (1976) Buccal administration of fenoterol aerosol in young children with asthma. S Mr Med J 50: 1362–1364

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simonsson BG (1982) Anatomical and pathophysiological considerations in aerosol therapy. Eur J Respir Dis [Suppl 119] 63: 7–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith G, Hiller C, Mazumder M, Bone R (1980) Aerodynamic size distribution of cromolyn sodium at ambient and airway humidity. Am Rev Respir Dis 121: 513–517

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Speizer FE, Wegman DH, Ramirez A (1975) Palpitation rates associated with fluorocarbon exposure in a hospital setting. N Engi J Med March 20: 624–626

    Google Scholar 

  • Stauder J, Hidinger K-G (1983) Terbutaline aerosol from a metered dose inhaler with a 750-ml spacer or as a nebulized solution. Respiration 44: 237–240

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steventon RD; Wilson RSE (1981) Facemask or mouthpiece for delivery of nebulized bronchodilator aerosols? Br J Dis Chest 75: 88–90

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stiftung Warentest (1983) Test Inhaliergeräte. Viel Dampf–selten Wirkung. Test 18 (6): 32–37

    Google Scholar 

  • Stiksa G (1982) Indications for continuous aerosol therapy. Eur J Respir Dis [Suppl 119] 63: 89–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Svedmyr N, Löfdahl CG, Svedmyr K (1982) The effect of powder aerosol compared to pressurized aerosol. Eur J Respir Dis [Suppl 119] 63: 81–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Swift DL (1985) Aerosol characterization and generation. In: Moren F, Newhouse MT, Dolovich MB (eds) Aerosols in medicine. Principles, diagnosis and therapy. Elsevier Sci (Biomed Div), Amsterdam, pp 53–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Teo J, Kwang LW, Yip WCL (1988) An inexpensive spacer for use with metered-dose bronchodilators in young asthmatic children. Pediatr Pulmonol 5: 244–246

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thiessen B, Pedersen OF (1980) Effect of freon inhalation on maximal expiratory flows and heart rhythm after treatment with salbutamol and ipratropium bromide. Eur J Respir Dis 61: 156–161

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas SHL, Langford JA, George RDG, Geddes DM (1988) Improving the efficiency of drug administration with jet nebulizers. Lancet Jan 16: 126

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson PJ, Dhillon P, Cole P (1983) Addication to aerosol treatment: the asthmatic altemative to glue sniffing. Br Med J 287: 1515–1516

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Toogood JH (1986) (Correspondence) - Are spacers of any use in the treatment of asthma? Pediatr Pulmonol 2 (4):250–251

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Toogood JH, Baskerville J, Jennings B, Lefcoe NM, Johansson S (1984) Use of spacers to facilitate inhaled conicosteroid treatment of asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 129: 723–729

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ulmer WT, Islam MS, Zimmermann I, Bulgalho De Almeida AA (1982) Aggression and Abwehr am Beispiel der Lunge. Gemischte Abwehr: Die Atemwegsobstruktion. Verh Dtsch Ges Inn Med 88: 245–252

    Google Scholar 

  • Unzeitig JC, Richards W, Church JA (1983) Administration of metered-dose inhalers: comparison of openand closed-mouth techniques in childhood asthmatics. Ann Allergy 51 (6): 571–573

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vildgren MT, Paronen TP, Kärkkäinen A, Karjalainen P (1987) Effect of extension devices on the drug deposition from inhalation aerosols. Int J Pharm 39: 107–112

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker SR, Evans ME, Richards AJ, Paterson JW (1972) The clinical pharmacology of oral and inhaled salbutamol. Clin Pharmacol Ther 13 (6): 861–867

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Warachit B (1988) Nosocomial pneumonia caused by contaminated Nebulizer. I Med Assoc Thai 71: 33–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber RW, Petty WE, Nelson HS (1979) Aerosolized terbutaline in asthmatics–comparison of dosage strength, schedule, and method of administration. J Allergy Clin Immunol 63 (2): 116–121

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weeke ER (1982) Reported clinical experiences with inhaled terbutaline aerosol via spacer devices. Eur J Respir Dis [Suppl 119] 63: 105–109

    Google Scholar 

  • Weinberg EG, Klein M (1988) Abuse of home nebulisers in asthma. S Afr J Med 74: 136–137

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wetterlin K (1988) Turbuhaler.A new powder inhaler for administration of drugs to the airways. Phamtaceutical Res 5 (8): 506–506

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wickramasinghe H, Liebeschuetz HJ (1983) (Correspondence) - Addiction to aerosol treatment. Br Med J 287: 1877

    Google Scholar 

  • Yarbrough J, Mansfield LE, Ting S (1985) Metered dose inhaler induced bronchospasm in asthmatic patients. Ann Allergy 55: 25–27

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yu CP, Nicolaides P, Soong TT (1979) Effect of random airway sizes on aerosol deposition. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 40: 999–1005

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

M. Brandis P. Frick K. Kochsiek G. A. Martini A. Prader

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Niggemann, B. (1989). Aerosoltherapie bei obstruktiven Atemwegserkrankungen: Deposition, Applikationsarten, Inhalationstechniken, Inhalationshilfen. In: Brandis, M., Frick, P., Kochsiek, K., Martini, G.A., Prader, A. (eds) Advances in Internal Medicine and Pediatrics / Ergebnisse der Inneren Medizin und Kinderheilkunde. Advances in Internal Medicine and Pediatrics / Ergebnisse der Inneren Medizin und Kinderheilkunde, vol 59. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52317-5_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52317-5_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-52318-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-52317-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics