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Grundlegendes zum Gelenkknorpel

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Praxisleitfaden der Knorpelreparatur

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Zusammenfassung

Artikulärer Knorpel ist ein avaskuläres, alymphatisches und anisotropes Gewebe. Knorpelgewebe ist nicht innerviert und besitzt keine Basalmembran [24]. Es besteht zum überwiegenden Teil aus extrazellulärer Matrix (EZM), welche von den Knorpelzellen (Chondrozyten) gebildet wird. Die Nährstoffversorgung erfolgt durch Diffusion. Der differenzierte Chondrozytenmetabolismus gewährleistet die Produktion des regulären Spektrums an Matrixmolekülen und deren Integration in die EZM durch ein Gleichgewicht zwischen anabolen und katabolen Stoffwechselprozessen. Im Knorpel des Erwachsenen sind nur ca. 5% des Gewebevolumens von Chondrozyten eingenommen, der Rest ist EZM. Die mechanischen Eigenschaften des Gelenkknorpels resultieren aus der Zusammensetzung der EZM, welche als molekulares Netzwerk einer Vielzahl von Makromolekülen angesehen werden kann. Die Hauptbestandteile der EZM sind Wasser (65–80% des Feuchtgewichtes), Kollagene (10–30% des Feuchtgewichtes) und Proteoglykane (5–10% des Feuchtgewichtes).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Forschungsabteilung, Waldkrankenhaus Rudolf Elle, Klosterlausnitzstraße 81, Eisenberg, 07607

    Professor, Dr. med. Jürgen Mollenhauer

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  1. Professor, Dr. med. Jürgen Mollenhauer
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  2. M. Aurich
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik, Schnarrenbergstraße 95, Tübingen, 72076

    Jürgen Fritz

  2. Forschungslabor Orthopädische Klinik, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Pulvermühlstraße 5, Tübingen, 72070

    Wilhelm Karl Aicher

  3. Gemeinschaftspraxis, Hebbelstraße 14a, Straubing, 94135

    H.-Jürgen Eichhorn

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Mollenhauer, J., Aurich, M. (2003). Grundlegendes zum Gelenkknorpel. In: Fritz, J., Aicher, W.K., Eichhorn, HJ. (eds) Praxisleitfaden der Knorpelreparatur. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55521-3_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55521-3_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-01029-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-55521-3

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