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Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas and Gastrointestinal Tract and Carcinoid Disease

  • Chapter
Surgery

Abstract

The neuroendocrine, or islet cell, and carcinoid tumor of the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract are a group of similar neoplasms that, although they may behave clinically and biochemically in different ways, share a number of common features. Although originally thought to be of neural crest origin, these cells are now considered to originate from embryonic endoderm.1 They are capable of taking up and decarboxylating aromatic amines or their precursors, giving rise to the term APUD (amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation) cells or apudomas. This term has largely been replaced by their designation as neuroendocrine neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract.2 Although largely concentrated in the stomach, midgut, and pancreas, neuroendocrine cells share a number of histochemical and ultrastructural characteristics with other endocrine cell types such as chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, melanotrophs and corticotrophs of the pituitary, parafollicular (C) cells of the thyroid, and neuroendocrine cells of the sympathetic ganglia and carotid body. They also share a similarity with carcinoid tumors.3,4 Histologically, these tumors are composed of monotonous sheets of small round cells with a uniform nucleus and cytoplasm and a general lack of mitotic figures.5,6 In general, they are well vascularized and tend to have a similar pattern of metastatic spread, involving primarily the regional lymph nodes and liver, although widespread metastases to lung, bone, and brain can also occur.7

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Authors
  1. James P. Dolan
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  2. Jeffrey A. Norton
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of California, San Francisco, USA

    Jeffrey A. Norton MD (Professor and Vice-Chairman of Surgery, Chief) (Professor and Vice-Chairman of Surgery, Chief)

  2. Surgical Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA

    Jeffrey A. Norton MD (Professor and Vice-Chairman of Surgery, Chief) (Professor and Vice-Chairman of Surgery, Chief)

  3. Division of General Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA

    R. Randal Bollinger MD, PhD (Professor of Surgery, Professor of Immunology, Chief) (Professor of Surgery, Professor of Immunology, Chief)

  4. Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Michigan, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

    Alfred E. Chang MD (Chief, Hugh Cabot Professor of Surgery) (Chief, Hugh Cabot Professor of Surgery)

  5. Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA

    Stephen F. Lowry MD (Professor and Chairman) (Professor and Chairman)

  6. Division of General Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA

    Sean J. Mulvihill MD (Professor of Surgery, Chief) (Professor of Surgery, Chief)

  7. Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Harper Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA

    Harvey I. Pass MD (Professor of Surgery and Oncology, Chief of Thoracic Oncology) (Professor of Surgery and Oncology, Chief of Thoracic Oncology)

  8. Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

    Robert W. Thompson MD (Associate Professor of Surgery) (Associate Professor of Surgery)

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© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Dolan, J.P., Norton, J.A. (2001). Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Pancreas and Gastrointestinal Tract and Carcinoid Disease. In: Norton, J.A., et al. Surgery. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57282-1_41

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57282-1_41

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-63239-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-57282-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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