Zusammenfassung
Die Idee zur Nutzung der Vagusnervstimulation (VNS) in der Behandlung der therapieresistenten Epilepsie stammt aus tierexperimentellen Untersuchungen, in denen die Vagusnervstimulation (VNS) die neuronale Aktivität in limbischen Strukturen veränderte (Bachman et al. 1977) und epileptische Anfalle unterdrückte (Woodbury u. Woodbury 1990). Antiepileptisch wirkende Substanzen (Valproat, Carbamazepin, Lamotrigin) werden bekanntlich auch als Stimmungsstabilisierer und als Add-on-Pharmaka, insbesondere bei der therapieresistenten Depression und bei bipolaren Störungen, eingesetzt. Auf diese Parallelen von antiepileptischer Potenz und Stimmungsstabilisierung wurde schon in den Kapiteln 9 und 21 hingewiesen, sodass der Einsatz der VNS bei depressiven Erkrankungen erwogen wurde. Auch PET-Untersuchungen zeigten, dass die VNS Stimmungsregulierende Regionen beeinflusste (Henry et al. 1998). Entscheidend für den Entschluss, VNS-Effekte bei depressiven Patienten zu untersuchen, war die Tatsache, dass Patienten mit therapieresistenter Epilepsie, die aus therapeutischen Gründen eine VNS erhielten, anschließend eine deutlich bessere Stimmung aufwiesen (Elger et al. 2000).
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Eschweiler, G.W. (2003). Die Vagusnervstimulation (VNS) bei therapieresistenter Depression und anderen psychischen Störungen. In: Eschweiler, G.W., Wild, B., Bartels, M. (eds) Elektromagnetische Therapien in der Psychiatrie. Steinkopff, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57370-5_27
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