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Evolutionary Patterns and Driving Forces in Vertical Food Web Interactions

  • Chapter
Vertical Food Web Interactions

Part of the book series: Ecological Studies ((ECOLSTUD,volume 130))

Abstract

The evolution of life histories and the structure and function of food webs have been thoroughly reviewed in the last years (Price et al. 1980; Pimm 1982; Schoener 1989; Pimm et al. 1991; Roff 1992; Stearns 1992; Morin and Lawler 1995; Polis and Winemiller 1995). However, although there is considerable mutual interference of both areas, the influence of alternative life history strategies on food web structure and function has scarcely been addressed (Winemiller and Polis 1995). Therefore, we will first present some scenarios created by life-history variation of and interactions between resource and consumer, and we consider the symmetry of a mutual impact as far as it is determined by life histories; the exploitation strategy, i.e. predation or parasitism; the predictability of the resource; the relationship between generation times and the degree of synchronization of life cycles between resource and consumers. These scenarios provide a framework for the evolution of trophic relationships and we will show how particular patterns of life history will lead to particular patterns of interactions between trophic levels (e.g. defense mechanisms, mechanisms related to the rates of speciation, degree of resource utilization etc.). However, life history traits are rarely free to coevolve under purely demographic forces; they are usually more or less constrained. Thus, the evolution of trophic relationships will be also influenced by constraints, an important one being body size. Therefore we will show some examples about how size constraints operate in food web interactions.

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Authors
  1. K. Dettner
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  2. G. Bauer
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  3. W. Völkl
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Lehrstuhl für Tierökologie II, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95440, Bayreuth, Germany

    Konrad Dettner

  2. Institut für Biologie I, Universität Freiburg, Hauptstraße 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany

    Gerhard Bauer

  3. Lehrstuhl für Tierökologie I, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, D-95440, Bayreuth, Germany

    Wolfgang Völkl

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Dettner, K., Bauer, G., Völkl, W. (1997). Evolutionary Patterns and Driving Forces in Vertical Food Web Interactions. In: Dettner, K., Bauer, G., Völkl, W. (eds) Vertical Food Web Interactions. Ecological Studies, vol 130. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60725-7_19

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