Zusammenfassung
Das Prinzip der Free-Flow-Elektrophorese wird erstmals von Hannig und Grassmann [1-4] beschrieben. Während es sich bei den etablierten physikalisch-chemischen Trennverfahren zur Reinigung und Isolierung von Biopolymeren meist um diskontinuierliche Prozesse handelt, deren Trennkapazität durch die jeweils einsetzbare Probenmenge begrenzt ist, stellt die Free-Flow-Elektrophorese ein kontinuierliches Verfahren dar, bei dem die Elektrolyt- und Probenlösung die Trennanordnung senkrecht zu einem angelegten elektrischen Feld durchströmen. Je nach Trennprinzip lassen sich dabei folgende Verfahren unterscheiden:
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Zonenelektrophorese
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Isotachophorese
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Isoelektrische Fokussierung
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Feldsprungelektrophorese Somit steht mit der Free-Flow-Elektrophorese eine vielseitige Arbeitstechnik zur Verfügung, deren Anwendungsbereich die Trennung von anorganischen und organischen Ionen, von Peptiden, Proteinen, Enzymen bis hin zur Trennung von Zellen, subzellulären Partikeln, Viren sowie Bakterien umfaßt. Ein großer Vorteil der Free-Flow-Elektrophorese beruht auf dem Verzicht von Trägermaterialien zur antikonvektiven Stabilisierung des Trennsystems. Dadurch werden alle störenden Wechselwirkungen der Probe mit einem Träger vermieden. Die Anforderungen an die Apparaturen und an die Arbeitstechniken sind jedoch relativ hoch.
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Wagner, H., Kuhn, R., Hoffstetter, S. (1989). Praxis der präparativen Free-Flow-EIektrophorese. In: Wagner, H., Blasius, E. (eds) Praxis der elektrophoretischen Trennmethoden. Anleitungen für die chemische Laboratoriumspraxis, vol 23. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73622-3_6
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