Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Therapie der Ösophagusvarizenblutung

  • Chapter
Therapeutische Probleme bei chronischen Lebererkrankungen

  • 17 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Ösophagusvarizen sind Venen, die um ein Vielfaches der ursprünglichen Lichtung erweitert sind, in der Ösophaguswand geschlängelt verlaufen, deren Wand unregelmäßig verdünnt ist und die ein unterschiedliches Ausmaß fibröser Veränderungen im Bereich der Media und Elastika aufweisen. Sie entstehen bis auf wenige Ausnahmen durch einen dauerhaft erhöhten Gefäßinnendruck infolge einer portalen Hypertension und leiten Blut aus dem Splanchnikusgebiet an der Leber vorbei in die obere Hohlvene.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  1. Alexandrino P, Martins Alves M, Pinto Correia J (1985) Controlled trial of propranolol and endoscopic sclerotherapy in the recurrence of variceal bleeding. Hepatology 52: 990 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Alwmark A, Bengmark S, Boerjesson B, Gullstrand P, Joelsson B (1982) Emergency and long-term transesophageal sclerotherapy of bleeding esophageal varices. Scand J Gastroenterol 17: 409–412

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Aronsen KF, Wetterlin S, Ernas S, Vojtisek V, Mulder JL, Cort JH (1975) Die Wirkung von Triglycyl-Lysin-Vasopressin auf Kontrollpersonen und Patienten mit Blutungen des oberen Gastrointestinaltraktes. Klin Wochenschr 53: 747–753

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Arthur MJP, Tanner AR, Patel C, Wright R, Renwick AG, George CF (1983) Propranolol and hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis with portal hypertension. Gastroenterology 84: 1093 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bacon BR, Bailey-Newton RS, Connors AF (1985) Pleural effusions after endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy. Gastroenterology 88: 1910–1914

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Baker LA, Smith C, Liebermann G (1959) The natural history of esophageal varices. Am J Med 26: 228–237

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Barr JW, Lakin RC, Roesch J (1975) Similarity of arterial and intravenous vasopressin on portal and systemic hemodynamics. Gastroenterology 69: 13–19

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Barsoum M, Bolous F, El-RobbyA, Rizk-Allah MA, Ibrahim A (1982) Tamponade and injection sclerotherapy in the mangement of bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg 69: 76–78

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Barsoum MS, Mooro HAW, Bolous FI, Ramzy AF, Rizk-Allah MA, Mahmoud FI (1982) The complications of injection sclerotherapy of bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg 69: 79–81

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Basso N, Bagarani M, Quandamcarlo C et al. (1983) Effective control of variceal bleeding by somatostatin: a double-blind, randomized, cross-over study. Gastroenterology 84: 1100 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Bataille C, Bercoff E, Pariente EA, Valla D, Lebrec D (1984) Effects of propranolol on renal blood flow and renal function in patients with cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 86: 129–133

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Bauer JJ, Kreel I; Kark AE (1974) The use of the Sengstaken-Blakemore tube for immediate control of bleeding esophageal varices. Ann Surg 179: 273–277

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Bennett HD, Baker L, Baker LA (1952) Complications in the use of esophageal compression balloons ( Sengstake tube ). Ann Intern Med 90: 196–200

    Google Scholar 

  14. Beppu K, Inokuchi K, Koyanagi N et al. (1981) Prediction of variceal hemorrhage by esophageal Endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 27: 213–218

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Bosch J (1985) Effect of pharmacological agents on portal hypertension. A haemodynamic appraisal. Clin Gastroenterol 14: 169–184

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Bosch J, Kravetz D, Mastai R, Bruix J, Rigau J, Rodes J (1983) Azygos venous blood flow in cirrhosis: effects of balloon tamponade, vasopressin, somatostatin and propranolol. Hepatology 3: 855 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Bosch J, Kravetz D, Rodes J (1981) Effects of somatostatin on hepatic and systemic hemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis of the Liver: comparison with vasopressin. Gastroenterology 80: 518–525

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Bosch J, Masti R, Kravetz D et al. (1984) Effects of propranolol on azygos venous blood flow and hepatic and systemic hemodynamics in cirrhosis. Hepatology 4:1200– 1205

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Boyce WMH (1962) Modification of the Sengstaken-Blakemore balloon tube. N Engl J Med 267: 195–196

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Brick IB, Palmer ED (1953) Incidence and diagnosis of esophageal varices in cirrhosis of the Liver: an esophagosopic study. Gastroenterology 25: 378–384

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Brieler HS, Thiede A (1979) Zur Wirkung vaso-pressorischer Substanzen auf blutende Oesophagusvarizen und andere intestinale Blutungen. Zentralbl Chir 104:1337– 1344

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Buetzow GH, Remmecke J, Braeuer A (1982) Metoprolol in portal hypertension. Klin Wochenschr 60: 1311–1314

    Google Scholar 

  23. Burcharth F, Malmstrom J (1976) Experiences with the Linton-Nachlas and the Seng-staken-Blakemore tubes for bleeding esophageal varices. Surg Gynecol Obstet 142: 529–531

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Burgmann W (1965) Die wechselnde Füllung der Oesophagusvarizen. Med Welt 27: 1507–1512

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Burroughs AK, D’Heygere F, MclntyreN (1986) Pitfalls in studies of prophylactic therapy for variceal bleeding in cirrhotics. Hepatology 6: 1407–1413

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Burroughs AK, Bass NM, Osborne D, Dick R, Hobbs KF, Sherlock S (1983) Random¬ized controlled study of transhepatic obliteration of varices and oesophageal stapling transsection in uncontrolled oesophageal variceal hemorrhage. Liver 3: 122–128

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Burroughs AK, Jenkins WJ, Sherlock S et al. (1983) Controlled trial of propranolol for the prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 309: 1539–1542

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Byrne WD, Samson PC, Dugan DJ (1962) Complications associated with the use of esophageal compression balloons. Am J Surg 104: 250–256

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Cello JP, Grendell JH, Crass RA, Trunkey DD, Cobb EE, Heilbron DC (1984) Endoscopic sclerotherapy versus portacaval shunt in patients with severe cirrhosis and variceal hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 311: 1499–1594

    Google Scholar 

  30. Cello JP, Grendell JH, Crass RA, Weber TE, Trunkey DD (1987) Endoscopic sclerotherapy versus portacaval shunt in patients with severe cirrhosis and acute variceal hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 316: 11–15

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Chiles NH, Baggenstoss AH, Butt HR, Olsen AM (1953) Esophageal varices: comparative incidence of ulceration and spontaneous rupture as a cause of fatal hemorrhage. 25: 565–573

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Chojkier M, Conn HO (1980) Esophageal tamponade in the treatment of bleeding varices. Dig Dis Sci 25: 267–272

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Chojkier M, Grossmann RJ, Atterbury CE et al. (1979) A controlled comparison of continuous intraarterial and intravenous infusions of vasopressin in hemorrhage from esophageal varices. Gastroenterology 77: 540–546

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Clanet J, Tournut R, Fourtanier G, Joncquiert F, Pascal JP (1978) Traitement par la pitressine des hemorrhagies par rupture de varices oesophagiennes chez le cirrhotique. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 41: 539–543

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Clements D, Rhodes JM, Elias E (1986) Effect of somatostatin on oesophageal variceal pressure assessed by direct measurement. J Hepatol 2: 262–266

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Cohen LB, Simon C, Korsten MA, Scherl EJ, Skorniky J, Guelrud MB, Waye JD (1985) Esophageal motility and symptoms after endoscopic injection sclerotherapy. Dig Dis Sci 30: 29–32

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Conn HO (1958) Hazards attending the use of esophageal tamponade. N Engl J Med 259: 701–707

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Conn HO (1967) Ammonia tolerance in the diagnosis of esophageal varices. A comparison of endoscopic, radiologic and biochemical techniques. J Lab Clin Med 70:442– 451

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Conn HO (1985) Ideal treatment of portal hypertension in 1985. Clin Gastroenterol 14: 259–288

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Conn HO, Lindenmuth WW, May CJ, Ramsby GR (1972) Prophylactic portacaval anastomosis. Medicine 51: 27–40

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Conn HO, Ramsby GR, Storer EH et al. (1975) Intraarterial vasopressin in the treat¬ment of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: a prospective, controlled clinical trial. Gastroenterology 68: 211–221

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Conn HO, Resnick RH, Grace ND et al. (1981) Distal splenorenal shunt vs. portal-systemic shunt: current status of a controlled trial. Hepatology 1: 151–160

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Conn HO, Simpson JA (1967) Excessive mortality associated with balloon tamponade of bleeding varices. JAMA 202: 587–591

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Copenhagen Varices Project (1984) Sclerotherapy after first variceal hemorrhage in cirrhoses. A randomized multicenter trial. N Engl J Med 311: 1594–1600

    Google Scholar 

  45. Correia JP, Alves MM, Alexandrino P, Silveira J (1984) Controlled trial of vasopressin and balloon tamponade in bleeding esophageal varices. Hepatology 4: 885–888

    Google Scholar 

  46. Dagradi AE, Stempien SJ, Owens LK (1966) Bleeding esophagogastric varices. Arch Surg 92: 944–947

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Denck H (1977) Die endoskopische Behandlung von Oesophagus Varizen. Chirurg 48: 212–218

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. DolletJM, Champigneulle B, Evangelista M, Bigard MA, GaucherP (1985) Sclerotherapy versus propranolol after first variceal haemorrhage in alcoholic cirrhosis. Lancet 11: 97

    Google Scholar 

  49. Durtschi MB, Carrico CJ, Johansen KH (1985) Esophageal transection fails to salvage high-risk cirrhotic patients with variceal bleeding. Am J Surg 150: 18–23

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. EckardtVF, Ewe K (1981) Shunt-Therapie bei portaler Hypertension. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 106: 387–389

    Google Scholar 

  51. EckardtVF, Grace ND (1979) Gastroesophageal reflux and bleeding esophageal varices. Gastroenterology 76: 39–42

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. EckardtVF, Grace ND, KantrowitzPA (1976) Does lower esophageal sphincter in-competency contribute to esophageal variceal bleeding. Gastroenterology 71: 185–189

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Egberts EH (1983) Die Behandlung der akuten Oesophagusvarizenblutung. Z Gastroenterol 21: 82–92

    Google Scholar 

  54. Eimiller A, Neuhaus H, Paul F (1987) Fibrinkleber — ideales Mittel zur Oesophagus- varizensklerosierung. Z Gastroenterol 25: 449 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  55. Eriksson LS, Law DH, Sato Yuzo, Wahren J (1984) Influence of somatostatin on splanchnic haemodynamics in patients with Liver cirrhosis. Glin Physiol 4: 5–11

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Fasching W, Publig W (1987) Endoskopische Behandlung gastrointestinaler Laesionen durch Injektion von Fibrinkleber. Z Gastroenterol 25: 454 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  57. Fischer JE, Bower RH, Atamain S, Welling R (1981) Comparison of distal and proximal splenorenal shunts. A randomized prospective trial. Ann Surg 194: 531–544

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. FleigWE, Stange EF, Hunecke R et al. (1987) Prevention of recurrent bleeding in cirrhotics with recent variceal hemorrhage: prospective, randomized comparison of propranolol and sclerotherapy. Hepatology 7: 355–361

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. FleigWE, Stange EF, Ruettenauer K, Ditschuneit H (1983) Emergency endoscopic sclerotherapy for bleeding esophageal varices: a prospective study in patients not responding to balloon tamponade. Gastrointest Endosc 29: 8–14

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Fogel MR, Knauer CM, Andres LL et al. (1982) Continuous intravenous vasopressin in active upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Arch Intern Med 96: 565–569

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Franco D, Smadja C (1985) Prevention of recurrent variceal bleeding: surgical procedures. Clin Gastroenterol 14: 233–258

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Freedman AR, KerrJC, Swan KG, Hobson RW (1978) Primate mesenteric blood flow. Effects of vasopressin and its route of deLivery. Gastroenterology 74: 875–878

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Freeman JG, Lishman AH, Cobden I, Record CO (1982) Controlled trial of terlipress- in versus vasopressin in the early treatment of oesophageal varices. Lancet 11: 66–68

    Google Scholar 

  64. Garcia-Tsao G, Grace ND, Groszmann RJ et al. (1986) Short-term effects of propranolol on portal venous pressure. Hepatology 6: 101–106

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Gebhardt RL, Ansel HJ, Silvis SE (1982) Origin of pain during variceal sclerotherapy. Gastrointest Endosc 29: 164 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  66. Gertsch P, Loup P, Diserens H, Mosimann F, Mosimann R (1982) Endoscopic noninvasive manometry of esophageal varices: prognostic significance. Am J Surg 144:528– 530

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Gertsch P, Mosimann R (1983) Chylothorax complicating sclerotherapy for bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Sug 70: 562–566

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Gibbert V, Feinstat T, Burns M, Trudeau W (1982). A comparison of the sclerosing agents sodium tetradecyl sulfate and sodium morrhuate in endoscopic injection. Gastrointest Endosc 28: 147 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  69. Gimson AES, Westaby D, Hegarty J, Watson A, Williams R (1986) A randomized trial of vasopressin and vasopressin plus nitroglycerin in the control of acute variceal hemorrhage. Hepatology 6: 410–413

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Goldfarb G, Lebrec D (1982) Percutaneous cannulation of the internal jugular vein in patients with coagulopathies. An experience based on 1000 attempts. Anesthesiology 52: 321–323

    Google Scholar 

  71. Goodale RL, Silvis SE, O’Leary JF, Gebhard R, Mjollness L, Johnson M, Fryd D (1982) Early survival after sclerotherapy for bleeding esophageal varices. Surg Gynecol Obstet 155: 523–528

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Gow GA, McGregor DD (1960) Hemorrhage from esophageal varices. Can Med Assoc J 83: 1032–1036

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Gross E, Erhard J (1987) Endoskopisch geführte Druckmessung in distalen Oesophagusvarizen. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 112: 125–127

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Groszmann RJ, Kravetz D, Bosch J (1982) Nitroglycerin improves the hemodynamic response to vasopressin in portal hypertension. Hepatology 2: 757–762

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Haering R, Hirner A, Karavias Th (1985) Portale Hypertension: Stellenwert der por- tosystemischen Shunt-Operation und der Notfalleingriffe. Chirurg 56: 425–431

    Google Scholar 

  76. Hallemans R, Naeije R, Mols P, Melot C, Reding P (1983) Treatment of portal hyper-tension with isosorbide dinitrate alone and in combination with vasopressin. Crit Care Med 11: 536–540

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Hamilton JE (1955) The management of bleeding esophageal varices associated with cirrhosis of the Liver. Ann Surg 141: 637–647

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. HarleyH, Morgan T, Redeker AG, Reynolds TB, Villamil F, WeinerJM, Yellin A (1986) Results of a randomized trial of end-to-side portacaval shunt and distal splenorenal shunt in alcoholic Liver disease and variceal bleeding. Gastroenterology 91: 802–809

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Heil Th, Mattes P, Loeprecht H (1979) Der gastrooesophageale Reflux — auslösender Faktor der Oesophagusvarizenblutung. Chirurg 50: 640–642

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Hermann RE, Traul D (1970) Experience with the Sengstaken-Blakemore tube for bleeding esophageal varices. Surg Gynecol Obstet 130: 870–885

    Google Scholar 

  81. Hillon P, Lebrec D, Munoz C, Jungers M, Goldfarb G, Benhamou JP (1982) Comparison of the effects of a cardioselective and a nonselective betablocker on portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 2: 528–531

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Hosking SW, Kennedy HJ, Seddon I, Triger DR (1987) The role of propranolol in congestive gastropathy of portal hypertension. Hepatology 7: 437–451

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Huetteroth T, Staritz M, Meyer KH (1986) Oesophagusvarizenblutung: Medikamentöse Therapie und Prophylaxe. Arzneimitteltherapie 3: 78–82

    Google Scholar 

  84. Hughes RW, Larson DE, Viggiano TR, Adson MA, van Heerden JA, Reeves CB (1982) Endoscopic variceal sclerosis: a one -year experience. Gastrointest Endosc 28:62–66

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Huizinga WKJ, Angorn IB, Baker LW (1985) Esophageal transection versus injection sclerotherapy in the management of bleeding esophageal varices in patients at high risk. Surg Gynecol Obstet 160: 539–546

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Hunt PS, Korman MG, Hansky J, Parkin WG (1982) An 8-year prospective experience with balloon tamponade in emergency control of bleeding esophageal varices. Dig Dis Sci 27: 413–416

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Hussey KP (1985) Vasopressin therapy for upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage. Arch Intern Med 145: 1263–1267

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Jackson FC, Perrin EB, Felix WR, Smith AG (1971) A clinical investigation of the portacaval shunt: V. survival analysis of the therapeutic operation. Ann Surg 174:672– 701

    Google Scholar 

  89. Janson R, Thelen M, Paquet KJ (1976) Mediastinale und pulmonale Komplikationen der Sklerosierungsbehandlung von Oesophagusvarizen. RöFo 124: 44–47

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Jenkins SA, Baxter JN, Corbett W, Devitt P, Ware J, Shields R (1985) A prospective randomized controlled clinical trial comparing somatostatin and vasopressin in con-trolling acute variceal haemorrhage. Br Med J 290: 275–278

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Joelsson B, Boerjesson B, Carlsson C, Gustafson I (1981) Acute treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices. Scand J Gastroenterol 16: 81–85

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Johansen TS, Baden H (1973) Re-appraisal of the Sengstaken-Blakemore balloon tam-ponade for bleeding esophageal varices; results in 91 patients. Scand J Gastroenterol 8: 181–183

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Johnson W, Widrich W, Ansell JE, Robbins AH, Nabseth DC (1977) Control of bleeding varices by vasopressin: a prospective randomized study. Ann Surg 186: 369–376

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Johnston GW, Rodgers HW (1964) Management of bleeding oesophageal varices when portal systemic shunt is inadvisable, with particular reference to the use of balloontam- ponade and sclerosing injection. Ulster Med J 33: 110–118

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Khodadoost J, Glass GBJ (1972) Erosive gastritis and acute gastroduodenal ulcerations as source of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Liver cirrhosis. Digestion 7: 129–138

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Kitano S, Iso Y, Koyanagi N, Higashi H, Sugimachi K (1987) Ethanolamine oleate is superior to polidocanol (aethoxysklerol) for endoscopic injection sclerotherapy of esophageal varices: a prospective randomized trial. Hepatogastroenterol 34: 19–23

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Kitano S, Terblanche J, Kahn D, Bornhman PC (1986) Venous anatomy of the lower oesophagus in portal hypertension: practical implications. Br J Surg 73: 525–531

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Kleber G, Sauerbruch T, Fischer G, Paumgartner G (1987) Erhöhung des transmuralen Oesophagusvarizendrucks unter Somatostatin-, nicht unter Placebo-Infusion. Gastroenterology 25: 40 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  99. Klein CP (1984) Neue Ergebnisse in der medikamentösen Therapie des Pfortaderhoch-drucks. Herzmedizin 7: 102–105

    Google Scholar 

  100. KobeE, Schentke KU, Traenkner M, TraenknerT, Dude H (1987) Endoskopische Sklerosierungsbehandlung von Oesophagusvarizen — Vergleichende experimentelle und klinische Untersuchungen mit dem Fettsäurepräparat “Varicocid”. Z Klin Med 42: 629–631

    Google Scholar 

  101. Koch H, Henning H, Grimm H, Soehendra N (1986) Prophylactic sclerosing of esophageal varicesre — results of a prospective controlled study. Endoscopy 18:40–43

    Google Scholar 

  102. Kohaus H, Kautz G, Schoenleben K, Hauss J (1981) Klinische Erfahrungen und In-dikation zur Anwendung von Glycyclpressin (Triglycyl-Lysin-Vasopressin) bei der gastrointestinalen Blutung. In: Sutor AH (Hrsg) Vasopressin analogues and haemostasis DDAVP (Minirin) TGLVP (Glycylpressin). Schattauer, Stuttgart, S 115–119

    Google Scholar 

  103. Korula J, Baiart LA, Radvan G, Zweiban BE, Larson AW, Kao HW, Yamada S (1985) A prospective, randomized controlled trial of chronic esophageal vericeal sclerotherapy. Hepatology 5: 584–589

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Kravetz D, Bosch J, Teres J, Bruix J, Rimóla A, Rodes J (1984) Comparison of intra-venous somatostatin and vasopressin infusions in treatment of acute variceal hemorrhage. Hepatology 4: 442–446

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Langer B, Taylor BR, Mackenzie DR, Gilas T, Stone RM, Blendis L (1985) Further report of a prospective randomized trial comparing distal splenorenal shunt with end- to-side portacaval shunt. Gastroenterology 88: 424–429

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Larson AW, Cohen H, Zweiban B, Chapman D, Gourdji M, Korula J, Weiner J (1986) Acute esophageal variceal sclerotherapy. JAMA 255: 497–500

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Lebrec D (1986) Hemorrhage, blood transfusion, and portal pressure. Gastroenterology 90: 1292–1294

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Lebrec D, Corbie M, Nouel O, Benhamou JP (1980) Propranolol - a medical treatment for portal hypertension. Lancet 11: 180–182

    Google Scholar 

  109. Lebrec D, De Fleury P, Rueff B, Nahum H, Benhamou JP (1980) Portal hypertension, size of esophageal varices, and risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in alcoholic cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 79: 1139–1144

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Lebrec D, Hillon P, Munoz C, Goldfarb G, Nouel O, Benhamou JP (1982) The effect of propranolol on portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis: a hemodynamic study. Hepatology 2: 523–527

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Lebrec D, Poynard T, Bernuau J et al. (1984) A randomized controlled study of propra-nolol for prevention of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis: a final report. Hepatology 4: 355–358

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Leger L, Delaitre B, Nicodeme JP (1973) Hemorragies digestives chez le cirrhotique. J Chirur 106: 45–56

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Ludington LG (1958) A study of 158 cases of esophageal varices. Surg Gynecol Obstet 106: 519–526

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Macdougall BR, Williams R (1983) A controlled clinical trial of Cimetidine in the recurrence of variceal hemorrhage: implications about the pathogenesis of hemorrhage. Hepatology 3: 69–73

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Macdougall BRD, Westaby D, Theodossi A, Dawson JL, Williams R (1982) Increased long-term survival in variceal haemorrhage using injection sclerotherapy. Results of a controlled trial. Lancet 1: 124–127

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. MagnenatP (1959) La sonde de Sengstaken-Blakemore. Rev Int Hepatol 9:541– 562

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. MaierC (1981) Katamnestische Untersuchungen an 138 Patienten mit Leberzirrhose und oberer Gastrointestinalblutung. Dissertation, Tübingen

    Google Scholar 

  118. Mallory A, Schaefer JW, Cohen JR, Holt SA, Norton LW (1980) Selective intra-arterial vasopressin infusion for upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage. Arch Surg 115:30– 32

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Merigan TC, Hollister RM, Gryska PF, Starkey GWB, Davidson CS (1960) Gastrointestinal bleeding with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 263: 579–585

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. Merigan TC, Plotkin GR, Davidson CS (1962) Effect of intravenously administered posterior pituitary extract of hemorrhage from bleeding esophageal varices. N Engl J Med 266: 134–135

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  121. Merkel C, Gatta A, Zuin R, Finucci GF, Nosadini R, Ruol A (1985) Effect of somatostatin on splanchnic hemodynamics in patients with Liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Digestion 32: 92–98

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Millikan WR, Warren WD, Henderson JM (1985) The Emory prospective randomized trial: selective versus nonselective shunt to control variceal bleeding. Ann Surg 201: 712–722

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Minar E, Poetzi R, Dragosics B, Hirschl M, Lochs H, Marosi L (1983) Notfallen- doskopie bei Patienten mit Leberzirrhose. Leber Magen Darm 13: 21–26

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Mitchell K, Silk DBA, Williams R (1980) Prospective comparison of two Sengstaken tubes in the management of patients with variceal haemorrhage. Gut 21: 570–573

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Monroe P, Morrow CF, Millen JE, Fairman RP, Glauser FL (1983) Acute respiratory failure after sodium morrhuate esophageal sclerotherapy. Gastroenterology 85:693– 699

    Google Scholar 

  126. Murray-Lyon LM, Pugh RNH, Nunnerley HB, Laws JW, Dawson JL, Williams R (1973) Treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices by infusion of vasopressin into the superior mesenteric artery. Gut 14: 59–63

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Nachlas MM (1955) A new triple-lumen tube for the diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 252: 720–721

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Naeije R, Hallemans R, Mols P, Melot C, Reding P (1982) Effects of vasopressin and somatostatin on hemodynamics and blood gases in patients with Liver cirrhosis. Crit Care Med 10: 578–582

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Neuhaus B, Hoegemann B, Pott G, Van Husen N (1984) Fiberendoskopische Varizen- und Wandsklerosierung des Oesophagus. Diagnost Intensivmed 9: 6–9

    Google Scholar 

  130. Nöda T (1984) Angioarchitectural study of esophageal varices. Virchows Arch 404: 381–392

    Google Scholar 

  131. Novis BH, Duys P, Barbezat GO, Clain J, Bank S, Terblanche J (1976) Fibreoptic Endoscopy and the use of the Sengstaken tube in acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage in patients with portal hypertension and varices. Gut 17: 258–263

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Oberhammer E, Paquet KJ, Distelmaier W (1978) Endoskopische Befunde bei portaler Hypertension unter Einschluß der Notfallendoskopie. Therapiewoche 28: 7178–7187

    Google Scholar 

  133. Ogle SJ, KirkCJC, Bailey RJ, Johnson AG, Williams R, Murray-Lyon IM (1978) Oesophageal function in cirrhotic patients undergoing injection sclerotherapy for oesophageal varices. Digestion 18: 178–185

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Olsson R (1972) The natural history of esophageal varices. Digestion 6: 65–74

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. OrloffMJ (1980) Emergency diagnosis and medical management of bleeding oesophageal varices. In: Orloff MJ, Stipa S, Ziparo V (eds) Medical and surgical problems of portal hypertension. Academic, London, pp 3–14

    Google Scholar 

  136. OrloffMJ, Thomas HS (1963) Pathogenesis of esophageal varix rupture. Arch Surg 87: 131–137

    Google Scholar 

  137. Palmer ED, Brick IB (1956) Correlation between the severity of esophageal varices in portal cirrhosis and their propensity toward hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 30:85– 90

    Google Scholar 

  138. Paquet KJ (1982) Prophylactic endoscopic sclerosing treatment of the esophageal varices. A prospective controlled randomized trial. Endoscopy 14: 4–5

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Paquet KJ, Feussner H (1983) Ist der Beta-Blocker Methylpropranolol zur Prophylaxe von Blutungsrezidiven nach Wandsklerosierung der Speiseröhre wegen blutenden Oesophagus Varizen geeignet? Z Gastroenterol 21: 427 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  140. Paquet KJ, Feussner H (1985) Endoscopic sclerosis and esophageal balloon tamponade in acute hemorrhage from esophagogastric varices: a prospective controlled randomized trial. Hepatology 5: 580–583

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Paquet KJ, Kalk JF, Koussouris P (1986) Therapeutische und prophylaktische Sklerosierung von Oesophagusvarizen. Fortschr Med 104: 412–414

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Pascal JP (1986) Controlled trial of prophylactic betablockertherapy. In: (eds) Interna-tional Symposium on Prophylaxis of Variceal Bleeding. Klinikum Großhadern, München, 24.-25. Januar 1986, pp 59–71

    Google Scholar 

  143. Pitcher JL (1971) Safety and effectiveness of the modified Sengstaken-Blakemore tube: a prospective study. Gastroenterology 61: 291–298

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Ponce J, Froufe A, De la Morena E, Mir J, Rayon M, Pina R, Berenguer J (1981) Mor-phometry study of the esophageal mucosa in cirrhotic patients with variceal bleeding. Hepatology 1:641 –646

    Google Scholar 

  145. Prindiville T, Trudeau W (1986) A comparison of immediate versus delayed endoscopic injection sclerosis of bleeding esophageal varices. Gastrointest Endose 32: 385–388

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Ranek L, Vilstrup H, Iversen J, Petersen P, Milandri M (1984) The effect of continuous vasopressin infusion on splanchnic blood flow, Liver function, and portal and central venous pressures in patients with cirrhosis. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 44: 251–256

    Google Scholar 

  147. ReadAE, Dawson AM, Kerr DNS, Turner MD, Sherlock S (1960) Bleeding oesophageal varices treated by oesophageal compression tube. Br Med J 227–231

    Google Scholar 

  148. Rector WG, Reynolds TB (1985) Risk factors for haemorrhage from oesophageal varices and acute gastric erosions. Clin Gastroenterol 14: 139–154

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  149. Reding P, Urbain D, Grivegnee A, Frere D (1986) Portal venous-esophageal luminal pressure gradient in cirrhosis. Hepatology 6: 98–100

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Reichle FA, FahmyWF, Golssorkhi M (1979) Prospective comparative clinical trial with distal splenorenal and mesocaval shunts. Am J Surg 137: 13 — 21

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Resnick RH, Iber FL, Ishihara AM, Chalmers TC, Zimmerman H (1974) Liver physiology and disease: a controlled study of the therapeutic portacaval shunt. Gastroenterology 67: 843–857

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Reynolds TB, Donovan AJ, Mikkelsen WP, RedekerAG, Turrill FL, Weiner JM (1981) Results of a 12-year randomized trial of portacaval shunt in patients with alcoholic Liver disease and bleeding varices. Gastroenterology 80: 1005–1011

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Reynolds TB, Freedman T, Winsor W (1952) Results of the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices with balloon tamponage. Am J Med Sci 225: 500–506

    Google Scholar 

  154. Rikkers LF, Cormier RA, Bowers J, Buchi K (1985) Costs of sclerotherapy versus shunt surgery: Results of a randomized trial. Hepatology 5: 1058 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  155. Roark G (1984) Treatment of postsclerotherapy esophageal ulcers with sucralfate. Gastrointest Endosc 30: 9–10

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Sagar S, Harrison ID, Brearley R, Shields R (1979) Emergency treatment of variceal haemorrhage. Br J Surg 66: 824–826

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Santangelo WC, Dueno MI, Estes BI, Krejs GJ (1988) Prophylactic sclerotherapy of large esophageal varices. N Engl J Med 318: 814–818

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Sarin SK, Nanda R, Sachdev G, Chari S, Anand BS, BroorSL (1987) Intravariceal versus paravariceal sclerotherapy: a prospective, controlled, randomized trial. Gut 28: 657–662

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Sarin SK, Sachdev G, Nanda R, Batra SK, Anand BS (1986) Comparison of the two time schedules for endoscopic sclerotherapy: a prospective randomized controlled study. Gut 27: 710–771

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Sarles HE, Sanowski RA, Talbert G (1985) Course and complications of endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy: a prospective study of 50 patients. Am J Gastroenterol 80:595– 599

    Google Scholar 

  161. Sauerbruch T, Ansari H, Weinzierl M, Holl J (1986) Akute Blutung aus Oesophagus- varizen. Therapiewoche 36: 1000–1006

    Google Scholar 

  162. Sauerbruch T, Weinzierl M, Koepcke W, Paumgartner G (1985) Long-term sclerotherapy of bleeding esophageal varices in patients with Liver cirrhosis. Scand J Gastroenterol 20: 51–58

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Sauerbruch T, Wirsching R, Leisner B, Weinzierl M (1982) Esophageal function after sclerotherapy of bleeding varices. Scand J Gastroenterol 17: 745–751

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. Sauerbruch T, Wotzka R, Kopeke W, Härlin M, Heldwein W, Bayerdörfer E, Sander R, Ansari H, Starz I, Paumgartner G (1988) Prophylactic sclerotherapy before the first episode of varicel hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 319: 8

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. Schmidt HD, Daniels V, Guenther R (1980) Oesophaguswandsklerosierung und trans-hepatische Verödung. Z Gastroenterol 18: 243–251

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. SchmitW, Lux G (1987) Fibrinklebung von Oesophagusulzera nach endoskopischer Oesophagusvarizensklerosierung. Med Welt 38: 657–659

    Google Scholar 

  167. Schroeder R, Vang J (1973) Zur Therapie der schweren Oesophagusvarizenblutung. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 103: 1081–1086

    Google Scholar 

  168. Schusdziarra V, Harris V, Unger RH (1979) Half-life of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in canine plasma. Endocrinology 104: 109–110

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Schwarz C, Salem G, Moesehl P, Klepetko W, Miholic J (1987) Prophylaxe der Rezi-divblutung von Oesophagus Varizen. Therapiewoche 37: 3267–3269

    Google Scholar 

  170. Siewert JR, Feussner H (1984) Chirurgische Indikationen bei der Oesophagusvarizenblutung. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 109: 1453–1457

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  171. Silvain C, Chauvin C, Verneau A, Carretier M, Beauchant M (1985) Combien de cirrhotiques sontils sesceptibles d’etre traites par le propranolol au decours d’une hemorrhagic digestive. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 9: 670–673

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Söderlund C, Ihre T (1985) Endoscopic sclerotherapy v. conservative management of bleeding oesophageal varices. Acta Chir Scand 151: 449–456

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  173. SoehendraN (1985) Sklerosierung und ihre Spätergebnisse. Chirurg 56: 432–435

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Sogaard PE (1981) Propranolol in portal hypertension. Lancet 1: 1204

    Google Scholar 

  175. Sonnenberg GE, Keller U, Perruchoud A, Burckhardt D, Gyr K (1981) Effect of so-matostatin on splanchnic hemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis of the Liver and in normal subjects. Gastroenterology 80: 526–532

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  176. Spence RAJ, Sloan JM, Johnston GW (1984) Histologic factors of the esophageal transection ring as clues to the pathogenesis of bleeding varices. Surg Gynecol Obstet 159: 253–259

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  177. Spence RAJ, Sloan JM, Johnston GW, Greenfield A (1983) Oesophageal mucosal changes in patients with varices. Gut 24: 1024–1029

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  178. Staritz M, Manns M, Poralla T, Dippold W, Hommel G, Meyer KH (1985) Vergleich des intravasalen Oesophagusvarizendruckes ( IOVD) und der Varizengröße bei Patienten mit Leberzirrhose mit und ohne Oesophagusvarizenblutung. Schweiz Med Rundschau (Praxis) 74: 1425–1426

    Google Scholar 

  179. Staritz M, Poralla K, Meyer zum Büschenfelde K (1985) Intravascular oesophageal variceal pressure (IOVP) assessed by endoscopic fine needle puncture under basal corititions, Valsalva’s manoevre and after glyceryltrinitrate application. Gut 26:525– 530

    Google Scholar 

  180. Staritz M, Rambow A, Manns M, Huetteroth T, Meyer KH (1987) Einfluß von Glycylpressin (1 mg) auf den Oesophagusvarizendruck bei Patienten mit Leberzirrhose und vorangegangener Varizenblutung. Z Gastroenterol 25: 572 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  181. Stelzner F, Lierse W (1968) Der angiomuskuläre Dehnverschluß der terminalen Speiseröhre. Langenbecks Arch Chir 321: 35–64

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  182. Sugiura M, Futagawa S (1984) Esophageal transection with paraesophagogastric devascularizations (the Sugiura procedure) in the treatment of esophageal varices. World J Surg 8: 673–679

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Tarver D, Walt RP, Dunk AA, Jenkins WJ, Sherlock S (1983) Precipitation of hepatic encephalopathy by propranolol in cirrhosis. Br Med J 287: 585

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  184. Terblanche J, Kahn D, Campbell JA, Bornman PC, Jonker MAT, Wright J (1983) Failure of repeated injection sclerotherapy to improve long-term survival after oesophageal variceal bleeding. Lancet 11: 1328–1332

    Google Scholar 

  185. Terblance J, Yakoob HI, Bornman PC et al. (1981) Acute bleeding varices. Ann Surg 194: 521–529

    Google Scholar 

  186. Teres J, Bordas JM, Bravo D et al. (1987) Sclerotherapy vs. distal splenorenal shunt in the elective treatment of variceal hemorrhage: a randomized controlled trial. Hepatology 7: 430–436

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  187. Teres J, Bordas M, Bru C, Diaz F, Bruguera M, Rodes J (1976) Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhosis: clinical and endoscopic correlations. Gut 17: 37–40

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  188. Teres J, Cecilia A, Bordas JM, Rimola A, Bru C, Rodes J (1978) Esophageal tamponade for bleeding varices. Gastroenterology 75: 566–569

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  189. Testoni PA, Masci E, Passaretti S et al. (1986) Comparison of somatostatin and Cimetidine in the treatment of acute bleeding esophageal varices. Curr Therap Res 39:758– 766

    Google Scholar 

  190. Tsai Y, Lay CS, Lai KH et al. (1986) Controlled trial of vasopressin plus nitrogycerin vs. vasopressin alone in the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices. Hepatology 6: 406–409

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  191. Tygstrup N (1986) Epidemiology and mortality of first variceal bleeding in cirrhotics. International Symposium on Prophylaxis of Variceal Bleeding, München, 24.-25. Januar 1986

    Google Scholar 

  192. Ungeheuer E (1974) Oesophagusvarizenblutung. Langenbecks Arch Chir 337: 519–526

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  193. Van Buuren HR, Koorevaar G, Von Der Velden PC, Silberbusch J (1982) Propranolol increases arterial ammonia in Liver cirrhosis. Lancet 11: 951–952

    Google Scholar 

  194. Varela PM, Cosme A, Muro J, Cano JM, Ortiz JO (1973) Utilitad de la Sonda-Balon de Sengstaken-Blakemore. Estudio Prospectivo. Rev Esp Enferm Apar Dig 39: 283–298

    Google Scholar 

  195. Villanueva A, Magnenat P (1964) Resultats du traitement des hemorrhagies oesogas- triques sur varices par la sonde de Sengstaken–Blakemore. Gastroenterologica 102: 242–246

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  196. Villeneuve JP, Pomier Layrargues G, Willems B, Marleau D, HuetPM, Infante-Ri- vard C (1985) Propranolol for the prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage: a controlled trial. Hepatology 5: 1053 (Abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  197. VorobioffJ, Picabea E, Villavicencio R, Puccini V, Rossi O, BordatoJ, Audano M (1987) Acute and chronic hemodynamic effects of propranolol in unselected cirrhotic patients. Hepatology 7: 648–653

    Google Scholar 

  198. Vosmik J, Jedlicka K, Mulder JL, Cort JH (1977) Action of the triglycyl hormonogen of vasopressin (glypressin) in patients with Liver cirrhosis and bleeding esophageal varices. Gastroenterology 4: 605–609

    Google Scholar 

  199. Walker S, Stiehl A, Raedsch R, Kommereil B (1986) Terlipressin in bleeding esophageal varices: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Hepatology 6: 112–115

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  200. Warren WD, Zeppa R, Fomon JJ (1967) Selective trans-splenic decompression of gas-troesophageal varices by distal splenorenal shunt. Ann Surg 166: 437–455

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  201. Warren WD, GalambosJT, Riepe SP, Henderson JM, Brooks WS, Salam AA, Millikan WJ, Kutner MH (1986) Distal splenorenal shunt versus endoscopic sclerotherapy for long-term management of variceal bleeding. Ann Surg 203: 454–462

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. Welch CS, Kiley JE, Seeve TS, Goodrich EO, Welch HF (1956) Treatment of bleeding from portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis of the Liver. N Engl J Med 254:493– 502

    Google Scholar 

  203. Wells RF (1973) Management of bleeding esophageal varices in the elderly. Geriatrics 90–93

    Google Scholar 

  204. Westaby D, Macdougall BRD, Melia W, Theodossi A, Williams R (1983) A prospective randomized study of two sclerotherapy techniques for esophageal varices. Hepatology 3: 681–684

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  205. Westaby D, Melia W, Hegarty J, Gimson AES, StellonAJ, Williams R (1986) Use of propranolol to reduce the rebleeding rate during injection sclerotherapy prior to variceal obliteration. Hepatology 6: 673–675

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  206. Westaby D, Melia WM, Macdougall BRD, Hegarty JE, Williams R (1984) Injection sclerotherapy for Oesophageal varices: a prospective randomized trial of different treatment schedules. Gut 25: 129–132

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  207. Willems MG, Schönemann J, Rey C, Schäfer H, Lindecken KD (1985) Ischämie des Zökums nach Glyzylpressin. Leber Magen Darm 15: 165–168

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  208. Wink K (1984) Betarezeptorenblocker, portale Hypertonie und gastrointestinale Blutungen. Klinikarzt 13: 688–693

    Google Scholar 

  209. Witzel L, Wolbergs E, Merki H (1985) Prophylactic endoscopic sclerotherapy of oesophageal varices. Lancet 1: 773–775

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  210. Wördehoff D, Spech HJ (1987) Prophylaktische Oesophagusvarizensklerosierung. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 24: 947–951

    Google Scholar 

  211. Wördehoff D, Zwirner K, Gros H (1982) Konservative Therapie und Wand- sklerosierung bei der Oesophagusvarizenblutung. Z Gastroenterol 20: 139–144

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  212. Yassin YM, SherifSM (1983) Randomized controlled trial of injection sclerotherapy for bleeding oesophageal varices — an interim report. Br J Surg 70: 20–22

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  213. Zimmon DS, Kessler RE (1974) The portal pressure volume relationship in cirrhosis. Gut 15: 99–101

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. E.-H. Egberts
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Scheurlen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung I, Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Otfried-Müller-Str. 10, D-7400, Tübingen, Deutschland

    Karl Hermann Wiedmann Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. (Oberarzt) (Oberarzt)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Egberts, EH., Scheurlen, M. (1989). Therapie der Ösophagusvarizenblutung. In: Wiedmann, K.H. (eds) Therapeutische Probleme bei chronischen Lebererkrankungen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74671-0_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74671-0_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-51022-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-74671-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation