Indications and Complications of Cervical Spine Stabilization

Abstract

Fusion of the cervical spine is indicated for instability. If instability of the cervical spine is not treated, kyphosis with neurological deficits may develop. One complication of spinal fusion is pseudarthrosis. This develops when micromovements prevent vascular budding, which is necessary for incorporating the bone grafts in the fusion [2]. In a fusion involving one intersegmental level the shearing forces are moderate. However, in a fusion involving several segments these movements are more extensive, so that immobilization is indicated. External immobilization, even with a halo, has only a limited effect in reducing micromovements [6]. By performing an internal fixation with plates and screws, the shear forces upon the boundary surfaces to be fused are effectively reduced.