Skip to main content

The Importance of Genetic Factors in the Etiology of Child Psychiatric Disorders

  • Conference paper
Brain and Behavior in Child Psychiatry
  • 103 Accesses

Abstract

The genetic study of childhood psychiatric disorders has advanced considerably over the past 20 years. All methodologies previously employed to investigate adult psychiatric disturbances are useful in the study of children. This chapter will review the approaches that have been utilized in the study of the genetic and environmental factors which predispose children to a number of psychiatric disturbances. Selected data from twin, aggregation, and adoption studies which exemplify these techniques will be presented. In addition, recent advances in molecular biology will be reviewed. We believe that these techniques hold the greatest promise for elucidating the fundamental biological processes responsible for childhood psychiatric disorders which have a genetic basis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Andreasen N, Endicott J, Spitzer R, Winokur G (1977) The family history method of diagnostic criteria. Arch Gen Psychiatry 34:1229–1235

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baron M, Risch N, Hamburger R, Mandel B et al. (1987) Genetic linkage between X-chromosome markers and bipolar affective illness. Nature 326:289–292

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Biederman J, Munir K, Knee D (1984) Attention deficit disorder with and without conduct and oppositional disorder: a controlled family study. Annual meeting of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Toronto

    Google Scholar 

  • Botstein D, White R, Skolnick M, Davis R (1980) Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Am J Hum Genet 32:(344)312–331

    Google Scholar 

  • Cadoret R, O’Gorman T, Troughton E, Heywood E (1985) Alcoholism and antisocial personality. Arch Gen Psychiatry 42:161–167

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cadoret R, Troughton E, O’Gorman T, Heywood E (1986) An adoption study of genetic and environmental factors in drug abuse. Arch Gen Psychiatry 43:1131–1136

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cantwell D (1972) Psychiatric illness in the families of hyperactive children. Arch Gen Psychiatry 27:414–417

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cantwell D (1975a) Genetics of hyperactivity. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 16:261–264

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cantwell D (1975b) Genetic studies on hyperactive children. Psychiatric illness in biologic and adoptive parents. In: Fieve R, Rosenthal D, Brill H (eds) Genetic research in psychiatry. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, pp 275–280

    Google Scholar 

  • Chambers W, Puig-Antich J, Hirsh M, Paez P et al. (1985) The assessment of affective disorders in children and adolescents by semi-structured interview: test-retest reliability of the K-SADS. Arch Gen Psychiatry 42:696–702

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cloninger C, Bohman M, Sigvardsson S (1981) Inheritance of alcohol abuse: cross-fostering analysis of adopted men. Arch Gen Psychiatry 38:861–868

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen D, Dibble E, Grawe J et al. (1975) Reliably separating identical from fraternal twins. Arch Gen Psychiatry 32:1371–1378

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Comings D, Comings B (1984) Tourette’s syndrome and attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity: are they due to the same gene? J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 23:138–146

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Comings D, Comings B, Devor E, Cloninger C (1984) Detection of a major gene for Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 36:586–600

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DeFries J, Decker S (1981) Genetic aspects of reading disability: the Colorado family reading study. In: Aaron P, Malatesha M (eds) Neuropsychological and neuropsycholinguistic aspects of reading disability. Academic, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Egeland J, Hostetter A (1983) Amish study I: affective disorders among the Amish. Am J Psychiatry 140:56–61

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Egeland J, Gerhard D, Pauls D et al. (1987) Bipolar affective disorders linked to DNA markers on chromosome 11. Nature 325:783–787

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elandt-Johnson R (1971) Probability models and statistical methods in genetics. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernando S (1967) Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome. Br J Psychiatry 113:607–617

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Folstein S, Rutter M (1977) Infantile autism: genetic study of twin pairs. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 18:297–321

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goodwin D (1979) Alcoholism and heredity: a review and hypothesis. Arch Gen Psychiatry 36:57–61

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goodwin D (1985) Alcoholism and genetics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 42:171–174

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graham P, Stevenson J (1987) Temperament and psychiatric disorder: the genetic contribution to behavior in childhood. Aust NZ J Psychiatry 21:267–274

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gusella J, Wexler N, Conneally P, Naylor S et al. (1983) A polymorphic marker genetically linked to Huntington’s disease. Nature 306:234–238

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Helms C, Green P, Weiffenbach B, Bowden D et al. (1988) A human genetic linkage map with 545 genetic loci. Am J Hum Genet (Suppl) 43:A147

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodgkinson S, Sherrington R, Gurling H, Marchbanks R et al. (1987) Molecular genetic evidence for heterogeneity in manic depression. Nature 325:805–806

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hutchings B, Mednick S (1975) Registered criminality in the adoptive and biological parents of registered male criminal adoptees. Proc Annu Meet Am Psychopathol Assoc 63:105–116

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kerr J (1897) School hygiene, in its mental, moral and physical aspects. Howard medical prize essay. J R Stat Soc 60:613–680

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kety S (1983) Observations on genetic and environmental influences in the etiology of mental disorder from studies on adoptees and their relatives. In: Kety S, Rowland L, Sidman R, Matthysse S (eds) Genetics of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Raven, New York, pp 105–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Kimberling W, Fain P, Ing P, Smith S, Pennington B (1985) Genetic linkage studies of reading disability with chromosome 15 markers (Abstract). The 15th annual meeting of Behavior Genetics Association, Pennsylvania State University

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewitter F, DeFries J, Elston R (1980) Genetic models of reading disabilities. Behav Genet 10:9–30

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McKusick V, Ruddle F (1987) Toward a complete map of the human genome. Genomics 1:103–106

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morgan W (1896) A case of congenital word-blindness. Br Med J 2:1543–1544

    Google Scholar 

  • Morrison J, Stewart M (1971) A family study of the hyperactive child syndrome. Biol Psychiatry 3:189–195

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morton N, Yee S, Lew R (1971) Complex segregation analysis. Am J Hum Genet 23:602–610

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nee L, Polinsky R, Ebert M (1982) Tourette syndrome: clinical and family studies. In: Friedhoff A, Chase T (eds) Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Raven, New York, pp 291–295 (Advances in Neurology, vol. 35)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pauls D (1985) Strategies for the genetic study of child psychiatric disorders. In: Michels R, Cavenar J, Brodie H et al. (eds) Psychiatry vol 2. Lippincott, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • Pauls D, Cohen D, Heimbuch R, Dettor J, Kidd K (1981) The familial pattern and transmission of Tourette syndrome and multiple tics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 32:1091–1093

    Google Scholar 

  • Pauls D, Shaywitz S, Kramer P, Shaywitz B, Cohen D (1983) Demonstration of vertical transmission of attention deficit disorder. Ann Neurol 14:363

    Google Scholar 

  • Pauls D, Kruger S, Leckman J, Cohen D, Kidd K (1984) The risk of Tourette’s syndrome and chronic multiple tics among relatives of Tourette’s syndrome patients obtained by direct interview. J Am Acad Child Psychiatry 23:134–137

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pauls D, Towbin K, Leckman J et al. (1986) Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and obsessive compulsive disorder: evidence supporting an etiological relationship. Arch Gen Psychiatry 43:1180–1182

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pennington B, Smith S (1983) Genetic influences on learning disabilities and speech and language disorders. Child Dev 54:369–387

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Plomin R, DeFries JC (1985) Origins of individual differences in infancy: the Colorado adoption project. Academic, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Plomin R, DeFries JC, Fulker DW (1988) Nature and nurture during infancy and early childhood. Cambridge University Press, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Rice J, Cloninger CR, Reich T (1979) Multifactorial inheritance with cultural transmission and assertative mating. I. Description and basic properties of the unitary models. Am J Hum Genet 30:618–627

    Google Scholar 

  • Rowe D (1983) Biometrical genetic models of self-reported delinquent behavior: a twin study. Behav Genet 13:473–489

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rutter M (1967) Psychotic disorders in early childhood. In: Copper A, Walk A (eds) Recent developments in schizophrenia (Special publication). Br J Psychiatry 1:1–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Safer D (1973) A familial factor in minimal brain dysfunction. Behav Genet 3:175–186

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scarr S (1966) Genetic factors in activity motivation. Child Dev 37:663–673

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro A, Shapiro E, Bruun R, Sweet R (1978) Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Raven, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Vandenberg S (1962) The hereditary abilities study: hereditary components in a psychological test battery. Am J Hum Genet 14:220–237

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watson J, Tooze J, Kurtz D (1983) Recombinant DNA: a short course. Freeman, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Willerman L (1973) Activity level and hyperactivity in twins. Child Dev 37:663–673

    Google Scholar 

  • Yaryura-Tobias J, Neziroglu F, Howard S, Fuller B (1981) Clinical aspects of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Orthopsychiatry 10:263–268

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Lombroso, P., Pauls, D.L., Leckman, J.F. (1990). The Importance of Genetic Factors in the Etiology of Child Psychiatric Disorders. In: Rothenberger, A. (eds) Brain and Behavior in Child Psychiatry. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75342-8_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75342-8_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-75344-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-75342-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics