Abstract
Until the late 1970s, the standard therapy for stage 1 nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) consisted of orchiectomy and subsequent retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy, the latter implying staging as well as having a therapeutic function. However, the disadvantage of retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy is the morbidity not only of the operative procedure but also the loss of ejaculation associated with the removal of the sympathetic fibers. For this reason, in 1981 Peckham et al. (1982) introduced the paradigm of the “wait and see” strategy, which schedules patients after orchiectomy for close follow-up only. The encouraging relapse rate of 17% published at that time led to the adoption of the protocol at the Department of Urology of Hannover Medical School. After a decade, analysis of our cases revealed a progression rate of 34.6%, which prompted us to evaluate vascular invasion as predictive factor in stage 1 NSGCT, for better identification of those patients who would not benefit from surveillance only.
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References
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© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Allhoff, E.P. et al. (1991). Experimental Approach for Assessment of Tumor Biology in Clinical Stage I Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumors (NSGCT). In: Jocham, D., Thüroff, J.W., Rübben, H. (eds) Investigative Urology 4. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75972-7_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75972-7_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
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