Zusammenfassung
Anatomische Besonderheiten des Glomerulum, wie die große Zahl von parallel und nicht seriengeschalteten Capillarschlingen, die Differenz des Durchmessers zwischen Vas afferens und efferens, der Anschluß des Vas afferens unmittelbar an größere Arterien, legen nahe, daß ein relativ hoher Blutdruck in den Glomerulumcapillaren besteht, der für eine Filtration günstig wäre. In der Tat ist der mittlere Druck in den Glumerulumcapillaren mit 60–80 mm Hg1 der höchste Capillardruck im Körper (etwa 60% des Aortendruckes). Die Glomerulumcapillarmembran, die Lamina densa, hat nach den elektronenmikroskopischen Untersuchungen von Hall 2 einen Durchmesser von etwa 500–600 Å = 0,05 µ. Sie ist unterbrochen von Poren mit einem Durchmesser von 100 Å, die ungefähr 1/20 der Oberfläche einnehmen. Nach diesen Befunden allein erscheint jede Theorie einer Sekretion durch diese dünnen Membranen, wie sie von Heidenhain 3 und Pütter 4 vermutet wurden, höchst unwahrscheinlich. In jüngster Zeit haben die Untersuchungen von Pappenheimer 5 die Abhängigkeit der Filtrationsrate von der Molekülgröße rechnerisch erwiesen (s. später unter 2. k, S. 11).
Aus der Medizinischen Universitäts-Poliklinik Freiburg i. Br. (Direktor: Prof. Dr. Hans Sarre).
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Sarre, H., Gayer, J. (1959). Funktionelle Orthologie und Pathologie der Nierenausscheidung. In: Bohle, A., et al. Hilfsmechanismen des Stoffwechsels II. Handbuch der allgemeinen Pathologie, vol 5 / 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87001-9_1
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