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Infektiöse Endokarditis durch gramnegative Bakterien oder andere seltene Keime

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Infektiöse Endokarditis

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Zusammenfassung

Der großen Zahl von Fällen infektiöser Endokarditis durch grampositive Erreger steht erstaunlicherweise eine geringe Zahl gramnegativer Fälle gegenüber — erstaunhch deshalb, weil Bakteriämien mit gramnegativen Keimen nicht selten sind, häufig induziert durch diagnostische oder therapeutische Eingriffe im gastrointestinalen oder urogenitalen Bereich. Auch mehren sich gramnegative Endokarditiden bei Patienten mit Klappenprothesen oder anderen intravaskulären oder intrakardialen „Fremdkörpern“ und bei Drogensüchtigen. Dennoch machen sie trotz einer gewissen Häufigkeitszunahme nur einen kleinen Teil der infektiösen Endokarditiden aus. So werden Zahlen zwischen 1, 3 und 4, 8% der Fälle genannt (66); Cohen et al. (16) geben 2, 4% an. In Übersichten mit einer größeren Inzidenz von Drogen-induzierter Endokarditis oder unter Einschluß zahlreicher Patienten nach Klappenersatz finden sich gramnegative Infektionen zu über 10% (24, 34, 48, 50, 81) oder auf über 25% (von 417 Patienten in einem Beobachtungszeitraum von 17 Jahren, davon 67% drogenabhängig, hatten 115 eine gramnegative Infektion (3)!). Tabelle 7.1 gibt die prozentuale Verteilung gramnegativer Erreger unter 348 Patienten mit infektiöser Endokarditis wieder (16).

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    Klaus Gahl

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Gahl, K. (1994). Infektiöse Endokarditis durch gramnegative Bakterien oder andere seltene Keime. In: Gahl, K. (eds) Infektiöse Endokarditis. Steinkopff, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-87079-8_7

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