Abstract
Most overhead transmission lines having voltages of 110 kV and above are provided with earth wires (or ground wires). In this context, the term earth wire is used for all types of conductors on earth potential according to EN 50 341-1, although all earth wire designs consist of a multitude of individual strands. The main purpose of the earth wires is the protection of the conductors against the direct incidence of lightning strokes, that can cause line outages (see Chapter 4). However, lightning strokes, even when reaching the earth wires, may cause a voltage rise at the towers high enough to cause a back-flashover from the tower to the conductor along the insulator set. Thus, in order to minimize the occurrence of flashovers along the insulator sets, beside using earth wires, it is necessary to reduce the voltage increase on the towers; this can be obtained through an appropriate earthing of the towers either by counterpoise wires, by deep rods or other means (see Chapter 5).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
D’Ajuz, A. et al.: Energized overhead ground wires - OHGW: The pioneer Brazilian application. IVth SEPODE, Foz do Iguaçu, 1994
Cigré SC22 WG22–12: The thermal behaviour of overhead conductors. Section 4: Mathematical model for calculation of conductor temperature in the adiabatic state. Electra 185, (1999), pp. 75 to 87
EN 60 865–1: Short-circuit currents – Calculation of effects. Part 1: Definitions and calculation methods (IEC 60865–1). Brussels, CENELEC, 1994
EN 50 341–3-4: Overhead electrical lines exceeding AC 45 kV. Part 3–4: National Normative Aspects for Germany. Brussels, CENELEC, 2001
EN 60071–1: Insulation coordination. Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules (IEC 60071–1). Brussels, CENELEC, 1995
DIN 48 201, Part 3: Steel stranded conductors. Berlin, DKE, 1994
EN 50 182: Conductors for overhead lines – Round wire concentric-lay stranded conductors. Brussels, CENELEC, 2000
Mahlke, G.; Gössing, P.: Aerial cables with optical fibres. Munich – Erlangen, Publicis Corperate Publishing, 5th edition 1998
IEC 60 794: Optical fibre cables. Part 1–1: Generic specifications; General. Geneva, IEC, 2001
IEC 60 794–1-2: Optical fibre cables. Part 1–2: Generic specification – Basic optical cable test procedures. Genova, IEC, 1999
IEC 60 794–2: Optical fibre cables. Part 2: Product specifications, Geneva, IEC, 1989
IEC 60 794–3: Optical fibre cables. Part 3: Sectional specifications on outdoor cables. Geneva, IEC 1998
ASTM E8: Standard for All-Dielectric Self-Supporting (ADSS) optic cable for use on overhead utility lines. New York, ASTM, 1997
Cigré SC22, WG22–11: Guide to fittings for optical cables on transmission lines. Part 2B: Testing procedures, all-dielectric self-supporting cable fittings and optical attached cable fittings. Electra 191 (2000), pp. 63 to 75
Cigré SC35 WG35–04: Preventive and corrective maintenance for optical cables on overhead power lines. Paris, Cigré Brochure 133, 2000
EN 61284: Overhead lines – Requirements and tests for fittings (IEC 61284). Brussels, CENELEC, 1998
Cigré SC22 WG22–11: Guide to fittings for optical cables on transmission lines. Part 1: Selection and use. Electra 176 (1998), pp. 55 to 65
Cigré SC22 WG22–11: Guide to fittings for optical cables on transmission lines. Part 2A: Testing procedures for optical ground wire fittings and optical phase conductor fittings. Electra 188 (2000), pp. 43 to 53
IEC 60 794–1-4: Optical fibre cables. Part 1: Generic specifications – Section 4: Measuring methods for transmission and optical characteristics. Geneva, IEC, 1995
IEC 60794–4-1: Optical fibre cables. Part 4–1: Aerial optical cables for high-voltage power lines. Geneva, IEC, 1999
Ghannoum, E. et al.: Design, testing and validation of optical ground wires and hardware for use in Hydro-Quebec’s 5000 km of telecommunication network. Cigré Report 22–301, 1996
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kiessling, F., Nefzger, P., Nolasco, J.F., Kaintzyk, U. (2003). Earth wire selection. In: Overhead Power Lines. Power Systems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97879-1_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97879-1_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-05556-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-97879-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive