Skip to main content

Wissenskluft-Perspektive und Digital Divide in der Gesundheitskommunikation

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Handbuch der Gesundheitskommunikation
  • 19k Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Der Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht zu Grundlagen, Weiterentwicklung und empirischer Umsetzung des Wissenskluft-Ansatzes und zu dessen Anwendung auf das Internet unter dem Stichwort „Digital Divide“. Diese beiden Forschungsperspektiven der Medienwirkungsforschung sind von Relevanz für die Gesundheitskommunikation allgemein und speziell auch für Gesundheitskampagnen. Darum wird in einem zweiten Schritt gezeigt, wie die Wissenskluft-Perspektive und das Konzept der sog. „Digital Divide“ im Feld der Gesundheitskommunikation theoretisch umgesetzt und empirisch angewendet worden sind.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Literatur

  • Arnold, K. (2003). Digital Divide. Zugangs- oder Wissenskluft? München: R. Fischer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aruffo, J. F., Coverdale, J. H., & Vallbona, C. (1991). AIDS knowledge in low-income and minority populations. Public Health Reports, 106(2), 116–119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baumann, E., & Hastall, M. R. (2014). Nutzung von Gesundheitsinformationen. In K. Hurrelmann & E. Baumann (Hrsg.), Handbuch Gesundheitskommunikation (S. 451–466). Bern: Huber.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bekalu, M. A., & Eggermont, S. (2013). Media use and HIV/AIDS knowledge: A knowledge gap perspective. Health Promotion International. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dat030. Advance online publication. http://heapro.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/05/02/heapro.dat030.full. Zugegriffen am 17.09.2016.

  • Blödorn, S., Gerhards, M., & Klingler, W. (2005). Informationsnutzung und Medienauswahl. Media Perspektiven, 12, 638–646.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonfadelli, H. (1994). Die Wissenskluft-Perspektive: Massenmedien und gesellschaftliche Information. Konstanz: Ölschläger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonfadelli, H. (2002). The internet and knowledge gaps. A theoretical and empirical investigation. European Journal of Communication, 17(1), 65–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bonfadelli, H. (2007). Die Wissenskluft-Perspektive. In M. Schenk (Hrsg.), Medienwirkungsforschung (S. 614–647). Tübingen: Mohr.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonfadelli, H. (2014). Gesundheitskampagnen. In K. Hurrelmann & E. Baumann (Hrsg.), Handbuch Gesundheitskommunikation (S. 360–375). Bern: Huber.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonfadelli, H., & Friemel, T. (2010). Kommunikationskampagnen im Gesundheitsbereich. Grundlagen und Anwendungen. Konstanz: UVK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonfadelli, H., & Friemel, T. (2015). Medienwirkungsforschung. Konstanz: UVK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cacciatore, M. A., Scheufele, D. A., & Corley, E. A. (2014). Another (methodological) look at knowledge gaps and the Internet’s potential for closing them. Public Understanding of Science, 32(4), 376–394.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Case, D. O. (2008). Looking for information. A survey of research on information seeking, needs, and behavior. London: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dervin, B. (1980). Communication gaps and inequities: Moving toward a reconceptualization. In B. Dervin & M. J. Voigt (Hrsg.), Progress in communication sciences (Bd. 2, S. 73–112). Norwood: Ablex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dijk, J. van. (2013). Digitale Spaltung und digitale Kompetenzen. In N. Zillien (Hrsg.), Informationsgerechtigkeit. Theorie und Praxis der gesellschaftlichen Informationsversorgung (S. 108–133). Berlin: De Gruyter.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dumitru, R., Bürkle, T., Potapov, S., Lausen, B., Wiese, B., & Prokosch, H.-U. (2007). Use and perception of Internet for health related purposes in Germany: Results of a national survey. International Journal of Public Health, 52, 275–285.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dutta, M. J., & Kreps, G. (Hrsg.). (2013). Reducing health disparities. Communication interventions. New York: P. Lang.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eimeren, B. van, & Frees, B. (2014). 79 Prozent der Deutschen online – Zuwachs bei mobiler Internetnutzung und Bewegtbild. Media Perspektiven, 7–8, 378–396.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ettema, J. S., & Kline, F. G. (1977). Deficits, differences, and ceilings. Contingent conditions for understanding the knowledge gap. Communication Research, 4(2), 179–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ettema, J. S., Brown, J. W., & Luepker, R. V. (1983). Knowledge gap effects in a health information campaign. Public Opinion Quarterly, 47(4), 516–527.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • European Commission. (2013). Special Eurobarometer 411: Responsible research and innovation (RRI), science and technology. Brussels.http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/index_en.htm. Zugegriffen am 17.09.2016.

  • Flora, J. A. (2001). The Stanford community studies. Campaigns to reduce cardiovascular disease. In R. Rice & C. Atkin (Hrsg.), Public communication campaigns (S. 193–213). Thousand Oaks/London/New Delhi: Sage.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Fox, S. (2011). Health topics. 80 % of internet users look for health information online. Washington, DC: Pew Internet & American Life Project. Auf: http://pewinternet.org/Files/Reports/2011/HealthTopics.aspx. Zugegriffen am 17.09.2016.

  • Freimuth, V. S. (1990). The chronically uninformed: Closing the knowledge gap in health. In R. E. Berlin & L. Donohew (Hrsg.), Communication and health: Systems and applications (S. 171–186). Hillsdale: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garramone, G. (1984). Audience motivation effects: More evidence. Communication Research, 11(1), 79–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gaziano, C. (1983). The knowledge gap: An analytical review of media effects. Communication Research, 10(4), 447–486.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gaziano, C. (1997). Forecast 2000; Widening knowledge gaps. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 74(2), 237–264.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gaziano, C. (2010). Notes on revisiting the knowledge gap hypothesis: A meta-analysis of thirty-five years of research. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 87(3/4), 615–632.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guttman, N., & Salmon, C. T. (2004). Guilt, fear, stigma and knowledge gaps. Ethical issues in public health communication interventions. Bioethics, 18(6), 531–552.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hastall, M. R. (2011). Kommunikation von Gesundheitsrisiken in Massenmedien. Der Einfluss von Informations- und Rezipientenmerkmalen auf die Botschaftszuwendung und -vermeidung. Baden-Baden: Nomos.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hwang, Y., & Jeong, S.-H. (2009). Revisiting the knowledge gap hypothesis: A meta-analysis of thirty-five years of research. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 86(2), 513–532.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hyman, H. H., & Sheatsley, P. B. (1947). Some reasons, why information campaigns fail. Public Opinion Quarterly, 11, 412–423.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jenssen, A. T. (2012). Widening or closing the knowledge gap? The role of TV and newspapers in changing distribution of political knowledge. Nordicom Review, 33, 19–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, D. J., & Case, D. O. (2012). Health information seeking. New York: P. Lang.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kreps, G. L. (2006). Communication and racial inequalities in health care. American Behavior Scientist, 49(6), 760–774.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kwak, N. (1999). Revisiting the knowledge gap hypothesis. Education, motivation, and media use. Communication Research, 26(4), 385–413.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, C.-J. (2009). The role of internet engagement in the Health-Knowledge-Gap. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 53(3), 365–382.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marr, M., & Zillien, N. (2010). Digitale Spaltung. In W. Schweiger & K. Beck (Hrsg.), Handbuch Onlinekommunikation (S. 257–282). Wiesbaden: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Miyo, Y. (1983). Knowledge gap hypothesis and media dependency: Is television a knowledge leveler? In R. M. Bostrom (Hrsg.), Communication yearbook (Bd. 7, S. 626–650). Beverly Hills/London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Niederdeppe, J., Fiore, M., Baker, T., & Smith, S. S. (2008a). Smoking-cessation media campaigns and their effectiveness among socioeconomically advantaged and disadvantages populations. American Journal of Public Health, 98(5), 916–924.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Niederdeppe, J., Kuang, X., Crock, B., & Skelton, A. (2008b). Media campaigns to promote smoking cessation among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations: What do we know, what do we need to learn, and what should we do now? Social Science & Medicine, 67, 1343–1355.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rice, R. E., & Atkin, C. K. (2013). Public communication campaigns. Los Angeles: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salmon, C. T., Wooten, K., Gentry, E., Cole, G. E., & Kroger, F. (1996). AIDS knowledge gaps: Results from the first decade of the epidemic and implications for future public information efforts. Journal of Health Communication, 1, 141–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saxer, U. (1978). Medienverhalten und Wissensstand – zur Hypothese der wachsenden Wissenskluft. In Buch und Lesen (Bertelsmann Texte, Bd. 7, S. 35–70). Gütersloh: Bertelsmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shim, M. (2008). Connecting internet use with gaps in cancer knowledge. Health Communication, 23(5), 448–461.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Slater, M. D., Hayer, A. F., Reineke, J. B., Long, M., & Bettinghaus, E. P. (2009). Newspaper coverage of cancer prevention: Multilevel evidence for knowledge-gap effects. Journal of Communication, 59(3), 514–533.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sligo, F. X., & Jameson, A. M. (2000). The knowledge-behavior gap in use of health information. Journal of the American Society for Information Sciences, 51(9), 858–869.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Star, S. A., & McGill Hughes, H. (1950). Report on an educational campaign: The Cincinnati plan for the United Nations. American Journal of Sociology, 55(4), 389–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tichenor, P. J., Donohue, G. A., & Olien, C. N. (1970). Mass media flow and differential growth in knowledge. Public Opinion Quarterly, 34(2), 159–170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tichenor, P. J., Donohue, G. A., & Olien, C. N. (1980). Community conflict and the press. Beverly Hills/London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viswanath, K., & Finnegan, J. R. (1996). The knowledge gap hypothesis: Twenty-five years later. In B. Burleson & A. Kunkel (Hrsg.), Communication yearbook (Bd. 19, S. 187–227). Thousand Oaks/London/New Delhi: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viswanath, K., & Kreuter, M. W. (2007). Health disparities, communication inequalities, and eHealth. American Journal for Preventive Medicine, 32(5S), S131–S133.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Viswanath, K., Finnegan, J. R., Hannan, P. J., & Luepker, R. V. (1991). Health and knowledge gaps: Some lessons from the Minnesota Health Program. American Behavioral Scientist, 34(6), 712–726.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Viswanath, K., Kahn, E., Finnegan, J. R., Hertog, J., & Potter, J. D. (1993). Motivation and the knowledge gap. Effects of a campaign to reduce diet-related cancer risk. Communication Research, 20(4), 546–563.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Viswanath, K., Finnegan, J., Hertog, J., Pirie, P., & Murray, D. M. (1994). Community type and the diffusion of campaign information. Gazette, 54(1), 39–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Viswanath, K., Breen, N., Meissner, H., Moser, R. P., Bradford, H., Steele, W. R., & Rakowski, W. (2006). Cancer knowledge and dispartities in the information age. Journal of Health Communication, 11(1), 1–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Viswanath, K., Wakefield, M. A., Loken, B., & Hornik, R. C. (2010). Use of mass media campaigns to change health behavior. The Lancet, 376, 1261–1271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wanta, W., & Elliott, W. R. (1995). Did the „magic“ work? Knowledge of HIV/AIDS and the knowledge gap hypothesis. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 72(2), 312–321.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weening, M. W. H., & Midden, C. J. H. (1997). Mass-media information campaigns and knowledge-gap effects. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27, 945–958.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wirth, W. (1997). Von der Information zum Wissen. Die Rolle der Rezeption für die Entstehung von Wissensunterschieden. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ybarra, M., & Suman, M. (2008). Reasons, assessments and actions taken: Sex and age differences in uses of Internet health information. Health Education Research, 23, 512–521.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yows, S. R., Salmon, C. T., Hawkins, R. P., & Love, R. R. (1991). Motivational and structural factors in predicting different kinds of cancer knowledge. American Behavioral Scientist, 34(6), 727–741.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zillien, N. (2009). Digitale Ungleichheit. Neue Technologien und alte Ungleichheiten in der Informations- und Wissensgesellschaft. Wiesbaden: VS.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zillien, N. (2013). Wissenskluftforschung. In W. Schweiger & A. Fahr (Hrsg.), Handbuch Medienwirkungsforschung (S. 495–512). Wiesbaden: VS.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Zillien, N., & Haufs-Brusberg, M. (2014). Wissenskluft und Digital Divide. Baden-Baden: Nomos.

    Book  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Heinz Bonfadelli .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Bonfadelli, H. (2019). Wissenskluft-Perspektive und Digital Divide in der Gesundheitskommunikation. In: Rossmann, C., Hastall, M. (eds) Handbuch der Gesundheitskommunikation. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-10727-7_28

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-10727-7_28

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer VS, Wiesbaden

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-658-10726-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-658-10727-7

  • eBook Packages: Social Science and Law (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics