Abstract
Trees, shrubs, rarely subshrubs, or climbers. Indumentum, if present, simple, stellate or lepidote. Leaves alternate, distichous, very rarely spirally arranged (Tetrameranthus), entire, thin to coriaceous, craspedo- or brochidodromous; stipules absent. Flowers terminal, axillary or supraaxillary, rami- or cauliflorous, rarely on underground suckers, bisexual or less often unisexual, solitary, paired or in few- to many-flowered fascicles, regular, very often fleshy or brittle; bracts often present. Sepals (2−)3(−4), valvate or imbricate in bud, free or connate, at least at the base. Petals 3–6(−12), usually either in 2 whorls of 3 (or 2 or 4) or in a single whorl of 3, 4 or 6, valvate or imbricate in bud, free or more or less connate at the base, usually alternating with the sepals. Stamens numerous to very numerous and apparently spirally arranged or 3–15 and whorled. Staminodes present in a few genera; anthers linear, sometimes rounded with extrorse, rarely lateral dehiscence, occasionally transversely septate; connective mostly with a truncate dilated apex, the latter sometimes conical, pyramidal or missing; filaments short and free or rarely longer and united into a tube.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Selected Bibliography
Bowden, W.M. 1948. Chromosome numbers in the Annonaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 35: 377–380.
Christmann, M. 1986. Beiträge zur Histologie der Annonaceen-Samen. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 106: 379–390.
Corner, E. J.H. 1949. The annonaceous seed and its four integuments. New Phytol. 48: 332–364.
Corner, E.J.H. 1976. The seeds of the dicotyledons. 2 Vols., Cambridge University Press.
Corner, E.J.H. 1978. The freshwater swamp-forest of South Johore and Singapore. Gard. Bull. Straits Settl. Suppl. Vol. 1.
Dahlgren, R. 1983. General aspects of angiosperm evolution and macrosystematics. Nord. J. Bot. 3: 119–149.
Diels, L. 1912. Über primitive Ranales der australischen Flora. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48 (Beiblatt 107): 7–13.
Ehrendorfer, F., Krendl, F., Habeier, E., Sauer, W. 1968. Chromosome numbers and evolution in primitive angiosperms. Taxon 17: 337–353.
Endress, P. K. 1980. The reproductive structures and systematic position of the Austrobaileyaceae. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 101: 393–433.
Engler, A., Diels L. 1901. Anonaceae. In: Engler A. (Ed.) Monographien afrikanischer Pflanzenfamilien und-gattungen. 6. Leipzig: Engelmann.
Fedorov, An. A. (Ed.) 1969. See general references.
Fries, R.E. 1919. Studien über die Blütenstandsverhältnisse bei der Familie Anonaceae. Acta Horti Bergiani 6: 3–48.
Fries, R.E. 1939. Revision der Arten einiger Annonaceen-Gattungen. Acta Horti Bergiani 12: 289–577.
Fries, R.E. 1949. Contributions to the knowledge of the Annonaceae in northern South America. Ark. Bot. 1: 329–347.
Fries, R.E. 1959. Annonaceae. In: Engler, A., Prantl, K. (Eds.) Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien edn. 2nd 17A. Berlin, Duncker and Humblot, pp 1–171.
Gottsberger, G. 1970. Beiträge zur Biologie der Annonaceenblüten. Österr. Bot. Z. 118: 237–279.
Guédès, M. 1982. Exine stratification, ectexine structure and angiosperm evolution. Grana 21: 161–170.
Guédès, M., Le Thomas A. 1981. Le gynécée syncarpe de Monodora. C. R. Hébd. Séances Acad. Sci.III, 292: 1025–1028.
Hesse, M., Morawetz, W., Ehrendorfer, F. 1985. Pollen ultrastructure and systematic affinities of Anaxagorea (Annonaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 148: 253–285.
Heusden, E. C.H. van 1992. Flowers of Annonaceae: Morphology, classification, and evolution, Blumea, Suppl. 7: 1-218.
Huber, H. 1982. Die zweikeimblättrigen Gehölze im System der Angiospermen. Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 18: 59–78.
Hutchinson, J. 1964. The genera of flowering plants. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Juliano, J.B. 1935. Morphological contribution on the genus Annona Linnaeus. Philipp. Agric. 24: 528–541.
Koek-Noorman, J., Westra, L.Y. Th., Maas, P.J.M. 1990. Studies in Annonaceae. XIII. The role of morphological characters in subsequent classifications of Annonaceae: a comparative survey. Taxon 39: 16–32.
Kral, R. 1960. A revision of Asimina and Deeringothamnus. Brittonia 12: 233–278.
Leins, P., Erbar C. 1980. Zur Entwicklung der Blüten von Monodora crispata (Annonaceae). Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 55: 11–22.
Le Thomas, A. 1969. Annonaceae, in: Aubréville, A. (Ed.), Flore du Gabon. Paris. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.
Le Thomas, A. 1980. Ultrastructural characters of the pollen grains of African Annonaceae and their significance for the phylogeny of primitive angiosperms I. Pollen and Spores 22: 267–342.
Le Thomas, A. 1981. Untrastructural characters of the pollen grains of African Annonaceae and their significance for the phylogeny of primitive angiosperms II. Pollen and Spores 23: 5–36.
Maas, P. J.M., Westra, L. Y. 1984/85. Studies in Annonaceae. II. A monograph of the genus Anaxagorea A. St. Hil. Parts 1 and 2. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 105: 73–134, 145–204.
Metcalfe, C. R., Chalk, L. 1950. See general references.
Mohana Rao, P.R. 1975. Seed anatomy of Artabotrys odoratissimus with discussion on chalaza, integumentary bundles and ruminate endosperm. Phytomorphology 25: 215–228.
Morawetz, W. 1984a. Karyological races and ecology of the Brazilian Duguetia furfuracea as compared with Xylopia aromatica (Annonaceae). Flora 175: 195–209.
Morawetz, W. 1984b. How stable are genomes of tropical woody plants? Porcelia, Annona, Drimys. Pl. Syst. Evol. 145: 29–39.
Morawetz, W. 1985. A new pollen type, C-banded and fluorescent counterstained chromosomes and evolution in Guatteria and related genera (Annonaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 150: 119–141.
Morawetz, W., Waha M. 1984. Die Epidermisskulptur als Gattungsmerkmal bei primitiven Angiospermen. Pl. Syst. Evol. 144: 73–75.
Morawetz W., Waha, M. 1985. A new pollen type, C-banded and fluorchrome counterstained chromosomes, and evolution in Guatteria and related genera. Pl. Syst. Evol. 150: 119–141.
Okada, H., Ueda K. 1984. Cytotaxonomical studies on Asian Annonaceae. Pl. Syst. Evol. 144: 165–177.
Periasamy, K., Swamy B. G. L. 1959. Studies in the Annonaceae. Microsporogenesis in Cananga odorata and Miliusa wightiana. Phytomorphology 9: 251–263.
Prantl, K. 1891. Anonaceae. In: Engler, A., Prantl K. (Eds.) Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien III, 2.
Ronse Decraene, L.P., Smets, E. 1990. The floral development of Popowia whitei (Annonaceae). Nord. J. Bot. 10: 411–420.
Santos, J.K. 1929. Histological and microchemical studies on the bark and leaf of Artabotrys suaveolens Blume from the Philippines. Philipp. J. Sci. 38: 269–282.
Sastri, R.L.N. 1969. Comparative morphology and phylogeny of the Ranales. Biol. Rev. 44: 294–297.
Sauer, W., Ehrendorfer F. 1984. Notes on the karyosystematics of Annonaceae. Pl. Syst. Evol. 146: 47–55.
Schnarf, K. 1931. Vergleichende Embryologie der Angiospermen. Berlin: Borntraeger.
Seiten, A. K. van 1992. Fruits ans seeds of Annonaceae. Morphology and its significance for classification and identification. Bibl. Bot. 142.
Sinclair, J. 1955. The revision of the Malayan Annonaceae. Gard. Bull. Straits Settl. 14: 149–516.
Sinnott, E.W. 1914. Investigations on the phylogeny of angiosperms. I. The anatomy of the node as an aid in the classification of angiosperms. Amer. J. Bot. 1: 303–322.
Smith, G. H. 1928. Vascular anatomy of the Ranalian flowers II. Ranuculaceae, Menispermaceae, Calycanthaceae, Annonaceae. Bot. Gaz. 85: 152–177.
Tanaka, R., Okada, H. 1972. Karyological studies in four species of Annonaceae, a primitive angiosperm. J. Sci. Hiroshima Univ., Ser. B, Div. 2, Bot. 14: 85–105.
ter Welle, B.J.H., van Rooden, J. 1982. Systematic wood anatomy of Desmopsis, Sapranthus, and Stenanona. IAWA Bull. 3: 15–23.
Treub, M. 1882. Sur une nouvelle catégorie des plantes grimpantes. Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg 3: 344–373.
Verdcourt, B. 1971. Annonaceae. In: Milne-Redhead, E., Polhill. R.M. (Eds.) Flora of tropical East Africa. London, Tonbridge: Crown Agents, pp 1–131.
Walker, J.W 1971. Pollen morphology, phytogeography and phylogeny of the Annonaceae. Contrib. Gray Herb. 202: 3–131.
Walker, J.W 1972. Contributions to the pollen morphology and phylogeny of the Annonaceae II. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 65: 173–178.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kessler, P.J.A. (1993). Annonaceae. In: Kubitzki, K., Rohwer, J.G., Bittrich, V. (eds) Flowering Plants · Dicotyledons. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants, vol 2. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02899-5_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02899-5_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-08141-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-02899-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive