Abstract
From the very early stages of development of modern mass spectrometry, the value of its combination with chromatography was quickly recognized. The coupling of GC with MS was a natural evolution since they are both vapor phase techniques, and very quickly GC-MS has been accepted as a standard component of the organic analytical laboratory. It has taken considerably longer to achieve a satisfactory and all-purpose mode of HPLC-MS coupling. The difficulties with HPLC-MS were associated with the fact that vaporization of typically 1 ml/min from the HPLC translates into a vapor flow rate of approximately 500–1000 ml/min. Other difficulties related to the eluent composition as result of the frequent use of non-volatile modifiers, and the ionization of nonvolatile and thermally labile analytes. However, during the past few years commercial interfaces have been developed which have led to a broad applicability of HPLC-MS [1–3].
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Balogh MP (1997) LC-GC Int 10: 728
Smits R (1995) LC-GC Int 8: 92
Niessen WMA, Tinke AP (1995) J Chromatogr A703: 37
Dole M (1968) J Chem Phys 49: 2240
Horning EC (1974) J Chromat Sci 12: 725
Vestal ML, Ferguson GJ (1985) Anal Chem 57: 2373
Willoughby RC, Browner RF (1984) Anal Chem 56: 2626
Yergey AL, Edmonds CG, Lewis IAS, Vestal ML (1990) Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry - techniques and applications. Plenum Press, New York
Arpino PJ (1990) Mass Spectrom Rev 9: 631
Arpino PJ (1992) Mass Spectrom Rev 11: 3
Behymer TD, Bellar TA, Budde WL (1990) Anal Chem 62: 1686
Voyksner RD, Smith CS, Knox PC (1990) Biomed Environ Mass Spectrom 19: 523
Sciex PE (1989) The API Book, Thornhill, Ontario
Whitehouse CM, Dreyer RN, Yamashita M, Fenn JB (1985) Anal Chem 57: 675
Fenn JB, Mann M, Meng CK, Wong SF, Whitehouse CM (1990) Mass Spectrom Rev 9: 37
Bruins AP, Covey TR, Henion JD (1987) Anal Chem 59: 2642
Vouros P, Wronka JW (1991) In: Barth HG, Mays JW (eds) Modern methods in polymer characterization. Wiley, New York,,Chap. 12
Vestal ML (1984) Science 226: 595
Vargo JD, Olson KL (1985) Anal Chem 57: 672
Vestal ML (1983) Mass Spectrom Rev 2: 447
Vargo JD, Olson KL (1986) J Chromatogr 353: 215
Prokai L, Simonsick WJ (1995) SEC with electrospray mass spectrometric detection. In: Provder T, Barth HG, Urban MW (eds) Chromatographic characterization of polymers. Hyphenated and multidimensional techniques. Adv Chem Ser 247, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, Chapter 4
Prokai L, Simonsick WJ (1993) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 7: 853
Simonsick WJ (1993) Polym Mater Sci Eng 69: 412
Simonsick WJ, Ross CW (1996) Polym Prepr 37: 286
Prokai L, Myung SW, Simonsick WJ (1996) Polym Prepr 37: 288
Kemp TJ, Barton Z, Mahon A (1996) Polym Prepr 37: 305
Pasch H, Rode K (1995) J Chromatogr A699: 21
Danis PO, Saucy DA, Huby FJ (1996) Polym Prepr 37: 311
Danis PO, Huby FJ (1995) J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 6: 1112
Montaudo G, Garozzo D, Montaudo MS, Puglisi C, Samperi F (1995) Macromolecules 28: 7983
Montaudo MS, Puglisi C, Samperi F, Montaudo G (1998) Macromolecules 31: 3839
Pasch H, Trathnigg B (1998) HPLC of polymers. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Pasch H, Brinkmann C, Much H, Just U (1992) J Chromatogr 623: 315
Gorshkov AV, Much H, Becker H, Pasch H, Evreinov VV, Entelis SG (1990) J Chromatogr 523: 91
Gorshkov AV, Verenich SS, Evreinov VV, Entelis SG (1988) Chromatographia 26: 338
Adrian J, Braun D, Rode K, Pasch H (1999) Angew Makro-mol Chem 267: 73
Lee H, Lee W, Chang T, Choi S, Lee D, JI H, Nonidez WK, Mays JW (1999) Macromolecules 32: 4143
Pasch H, Brinkmann C, Gallot Y (1993) Polymer 34: 4099
Pasch H, Augenstein M (1993) Makromol Chem 194: 2533
Braun D, Esser E, Pasch H (1998) Int J Polym Char 4: 501
Pasch H (1997) Adv Polym Sci 128: 1
Krüger RP, Much H, Schulz G (1996) GIT Fachz Lab 4: 398
Just U, Krüger RP (1996) In: Auner N, Weis J (eds) Organosilicon chemistry II, VCH Weinheim
Montaudo G (1995) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 9: 1158
Montaudo G (1998) Proc 11th Int Symp Polym Anal Char, Santa Margerita Ligure, Italy
Krüger R-P, Much H, Schulz G (1996) Int J Polym Anal Charact 2: 221
Kottner N, Bublitz R, Klemm E (1996) Macromol Chem Phys 197: 2665
Räder H-J, Spickermann J, Kreyenschmidt M, Müllen K (1996) Macromol Chem Phys 197: 3285
Spickermann J, Räder H-J, Müllen K, Müller B (1996) Macromol Rapid Commun 17: 885
Montaudo G (1996) Polym Prepr ACS Div Polym Chem 37: 290
Montaudo G (1996) TRIP 4: 81
Braun D, Henze I, Pasch H (1997) Macromol Chem Phys 198: 3365
Pasch H, Deffieux A, Ghahary R, Schapacher M, Riquelurbet L (1997) Macromolecules 30: 98
Wachsen O, Reichert KH, Krüger RP, Much H, Schulz G (1997) Polym Degrad Stab 55: 225
Lo T-Y, Huang SK (1998) J Appl Polym Sci 68: 1621
Hunt SM, Derrick PJ, Sheil MM (1998) Eur Mass Spectrom 4: 475
Montaudo MS (1999) Macromol Symp 141: 95
Ihara E, Tanabe M, Nakayama Y, Nakamura A, Yasuda H (1999) Macromol Chem Phys 200: 758
Montag P (1999) CLB Chemie in Labor und Biotechnik 50: 253
Nielen MWF, Malucha S (1997) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 11: 1194
Montaudo MS, Puglisi C, Samperi F, Montaudo G (1998) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 12: 519
Gagel JJ, Biemann K (1986) Anal Chem 58: 2184
Gagel JJ, Biemann K (1987) Anal Chem 59: 1266
Wheeler LM, Willis JN (1993) Appl Spectrosc 47: 1128
Willis JN, Dwyer JL, Wheeler LM (1993) Polym Mat Sci 69: 120
Pasch H, Esser E, Montag P (1996) GIT Fachz Lab Chromatogr 16: 68
Willis TN, Wheeler L (1995) Use of a GPC-FTIR interface for polymer analysis. In: Provder T, Barth HG, Urban MW (eds) Chromatographic characterization of polymers. Hyphenated and multidimensional techniques. Adv Chem Ser 247, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, Chapter 19
Chervet J-P, van den Broek R (1997) GIT Lab J Int Ed 1: 92
Product documentation Probot, bai GmbH, Lautertal, Germany
Liedke S, Kremser L, Allmaier G, Rizzi A, Roitinger A (2001) GIT BlOforum 24: 152
Esser E, Keil C, Braun D, Montag P, Pasch H (2000) Polymer 41: 4039
Falkenhagen J, Krüger R-P, Schulz G, Gloede J (2001) GIT Fachz Lab 45: 380
Böhmer V (1995) Angew Chem 107: 785
Gutsche CD (1998) Calixarenes revisited. In: Stoddart JF (ed) Monographs in supramolecular chemistry. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge
Nielen MWF (1998) Anal Chem 70: 1563
Nielen MWF, Buijtenhuijs FA (2001) LC-GC Europe 14: 82
Nielen MWF, Malucha S (1997) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 11: 1194
Keil C, Esser E, Pasch H (2001) Macromol Mat Eng 286: 161
Li L, Wang APL, Coulson LD (1993) Anal Chem 65: 493
Caprioli RM (1990) Anal Chem 62: 477A
Murray KK, Russell DH (1993) Anal Chem 65: 2534
Murray KK, Lewis TM, Beeson MD, Russell DH (1994) Anal Chem 66: 1601
Murray KK, Russell DH (1994) J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 5: 1
Fei X, WEI G, Murray KK (1996) Anal Chem 68: 1143
Fei X, Murray KK (1996) Anal Chem 68: 3555
Nagra DS, Li L (1995) J Chromatogr A711: 235
Coulson LD, Nagra DS, Guo X, Whittal RM, Li L (1994) Appl Spectrosc 48: 1125
Whittal RM, Russon LM, Li L (1998) J Chromatogr A794: 367
Joos PE (1995) LC-GC Int 8: 92
Montaudo MS, Puglisi C, Samperi F, Montaudo G (1998) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 12: 519
Marziarz EP, Liu XM, Quinn ET, Lai YC, Ammon DM, Grobe GL (2002) J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 13: 170
Kassis CE, Desimone JM, Linton RW, Remsen EE, Lange GW, Friedman RM (1997) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 11: 1134
Dwyer J, Botten D (1997) Internat Lab 27: 13A
Zhan Q, Gusev A, Hercules DM (1999) Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 13: 2278
Liu J, Loewe RS, McCullough RD (1999) Macromolecules 32: 5777
Montaudo MS, Montaudo G (1999) Macromolecules 32: 7015
Montaudo MS (2001) Macromolecules 34: 2792
Mengerink Y, Peters R, Dekoster CG, van der Wal S, Claessens HA, Cramers CA (2001) J Chromatogr A914: 131
Nielen MWF (1999) Mass Spectrom Rev 18: 309
Gusev AI (2000) Fresenius J Anal Chem 366: 691
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pasch, H., Schrepp, W. (2003). Coupling of Liquid Chromatography and MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. In: MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry of Synthetic Polymers. Springer Laboratory. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05046-0_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05046-0_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-07923-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-05046-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive