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Microinjection for Single-Cell Analysis

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Essentials of Single-Cell Analysis

Part of the book series: Series in BioEngineering ((SERBIOENG))

Abstract

The mere existence of life, from unicellular organisms to well-organized multicellular organisms, pathological conditions and death, has always fascinated human beings and demanded understanding of biological systems over several centuries. Further, an efficient treatment strategy for genetic disorders requires understanding of pathological conditions at the single-cell level. Numerous experimental methodologies have been developed over several decades to facilitate our understanding of cellular functions, by modulating the molecular pathways. Needle microinjection is one of them and it is widely used to modulate cellular functions by introducing foreign cargo into the cell. Microinjection is a method that can directly deliver a precise amount of foreign cargo either into the cytoplasm or the nucleus of a single cell using micropipettes. It is considered a gold standard method of direct cargo delivery. After introduction of this technique in the early 1900s, numerous modifications were made to improve its efficiency and it was applied to a wide variety of fields from scientific research to clinical therapy. This chapter is intended to provide a basic knowledge of the microinjection technique, its advantages and disadvantages, its development, the basic instrumentation required along with a basic protocol, and its uses collected extensively from numerous literatures up-to-date. Further, several modifications that have been carried out to improve the basic instrumentation setup, in order to increase the efficiency and rate of microinjection by the addition of semi-automated and automated computerized systems, are also discussed. Finally, this chapter provides a gateway to explore advanced understanding of microinjection for single-cell analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan

    Muniesh Muthaiyan Shanmugam

  2. Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan

    Tuhin Subhra Santra

  3. California Nano Systems Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA

    Tuhin Subhra Santra

  4. Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Room no. 506 W, Life Science Building I, Hsinchu, Taiwan

    Muniesh Muthaiyan Shanmugam

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  1. Muniesh Muthaiyan Shanmugam
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  2. Tuhin Subhra Santra
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Correspondence to Muniesh Muthaiyan Shanmugam .

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  1. National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan

    Fan-Gang Tseng

  2. National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan

    Tuhin Subhra Santra

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Shanmugam, M.M., Santra, T.S. (2016). Microinjection for Single-Cell Analysis. In: Tseng, FG., Santra, T. (eds) Essentials of Single-Cell Analysis. Series in BioEngineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49118-8_4

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