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Part of the book series: Rheinisch-Westfälische Akademie der Wissenschaften ((VN,volume 328))

Zusammenfassung

Die feste Anordnung der Gene auf den Chromosomen gehört zu den klassischen Erkenntnissen der Genetik, die bereits in der zweiten Dekade dieses Jahrhunderts erarbeitet wurden. Änderungen in dieser Anordnung waren kaum bekannt, lediglich die Umordnungen sehr großer Blocks von Chromosomen in Form der sog. Chromosomen-Aberrationen wurden als seltene Mutationsereignisse beschrieben. Die begrenzte Gültigkeit dieser Vorstellung wurde zuerst von B. McClintock erkannt. Sie konnte bei Zea mays L. in einer Serie außerordentlich eleganter Studien den Nachweis führen, daß eine Reihe von Mutationen auf der Insertion eines genetischen Elementes an dem Ort des mutierten Gens beruhen. Diese Elemente konnten selber nachweisbare genetische Eigenschaften haben. Sie konnten in einem zweiten Transpositionsereignis den Ort des mutierten Gens wieder verlassen. In diesen Fällen konnte das Gen seine ursprüngliche Aktivität wieder aufnehmen, d.h. zum Wildtyp zurückmutieren. Das transponierbare Element tauchte an einer anderen Stelle auf, wo es seine alten Eigenschaften entfalten konnte (McClintock, 1951).

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© 1984 Westdeutscher Verlag GmbH Opladen

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Starlinger, P. (1984). Transposition: Ein neuer Mechanismus zur Evolution. In: Transposition: Ein neuer Mechanismus zur Evolution. Antikörperdiversität und Netzwerkregulation im Immunsystem. Rheinisch-Westfälische Akademie der Wissenschaften, vol 328. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-05359-0_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-05359-0_1

  • Publisher Name: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden

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