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Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Epilepsy

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Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery

Part of the book series: Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery ((NEUROSURGERY,volume 39))

Abstract

With a major role in revealing epileptogenic lesions, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has also been very helpful in surgical planning and postoperative follow-up of drug-resistant focal epilepsies. In this article, in addition to discussing the most common epileptogenic lesions, advanced quantitative and functional MRI techniques in detecting abnormalities and revealing hemodynamic and microstructural changes are emphasized.

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Abbreviations

ASL:

Arterial spin labeling

AVM:

Arteriovenous malformation

BOLD:

Blood oxygen level-dependent

CT:

Computed tomography

DNET:

Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor

DTI:

Diffusion-tensor imaging

DWI:

Diffusion-weighted imaging

ECS:

Electrocortical stimulation

EEG:

Electroencephalogram

FCD:

Focal cortical dysplasia

FLAIR:

Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery

fMRI:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging

Gd:

Gadolinium

GM:

Gray matter

HS:

Hippocampal sclerosis

IR:

Inversion recovery

LGA:

Low-grade astrocytoma

MCD:

Malformation of cortical development

MPRAGE:

Magnetization-prepared gradient-recalled echo

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MRS:

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy

MTC:

Magnetization-transfer contrast

MTS:

Mesial temporal sclerosis

PET:

Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography

PWI:

Perfusion-weighted MR imaging

PXA:

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma

SE:

Status epilepticus

SNR:

Signal-to-noise ratio

SPECT:

Single photon emission CT

SPGR:

Spoiled gradient echo

SWI:

Susceptibility-weighted imaging

TLE:

Temporal lobe epilepsy

TSC:

Tuberous sclerosis

VBM:

Voxel-based morphometry

WM:

White matter

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hacettepe University, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey

    Kader K. Oguz M.D. (Faculty of Medicine)

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  1. Kader K. Oguz M.D.
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Correspondence to Kader K. Oguz M.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Fac. Medicine, Dept. Neurosurgery, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Ankara, 06100, Turkey

    Nejat Akalan

  2. Ist. Neurochirurgia, Dipto. Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italy

    Concezio Di Rocco

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Oguz, K.K. (2012). Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Epilepsy. In: Akalan, N., Di Rocco, C. (eds) Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery, vol 39. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1360-8_3

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