Abstract
Often preferable to flaccid paralysis, spasticity must not be considered a disease that must be treated at all cost. It needs to be reduced only when it interferes with the patient’s residual functional capacities. The aims of evaluation are to recognize the spastic components among the other various neurologic disorders that contribute to disability and to establish the extent to which spasticity is harmful in each examined patient.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Lance JW (1980) Symposium synopsis. In: Feldman RG, Young RR, Koella WP (eds) Spasticity: disordered motor control. Symposia Specialists, Miami, pp 485–494
Boisacq-Schepens N (1998) Le contrôle moteur de la marche. Neurochirurgie 44:158–166
Johnson GR (2002) Outcome measures of spasticity. Eur J Neurol 9(Suppl 1):10–16; discussion 53–61
McGinley JL, Goldie PA, Greenwood KM, Olney SJ (2003) Accuracy and reliability of observational gait analysis data: judgments of push-off in gait after stroke. Phys Ther 83:146–160
Subramanian N, Vaughan CL, Peter JC, Arens LJ (1998) Gait before and 10 years after rhizotomy in children with cerebral palsy spasticity. J Neurosurg 88:1014–1019
Novachek TF, Gage JR (2007) Orthopedic management of spasticity in cerebral palsy. Childs Nerv Syst 23:1015–1031
Ashworth B (1964) Preliminary trial of carisoprodol in multiple sclerosis. Practitioner 192:540–542
Bohannon RW, Smith MB (1987) Interpreter reliability of a modified Ashworth scale of muscle spasticity. Phys Ther 67:206–207
Gracies JM (2001) Evaluation de la spasticité: rapport de l’echelle de Tardieu. Mot Cereb 22:1–16
Hoffmann P (1918) Über die Beziehungen der Sehnenreflexe zur willkürlichen Bewegung und zum Tonus. Z Biol 68:351–370
Bishop B, Machover S, Johnston R, Anderson M (1968) A quantitative assessment of gamma-motoneuron contribution to the Achilles tendon reflex in normal subjects. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 49:145–154
Pierrot-Deseilligny E, Katz R, Morin C (1979) Evidence of lb inhibition in human subjects. Brain Res 166:176–179
Táboríková H, Sax DS (1968) Motoneurone pool and the H-reflex. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 31:354–361
Nishida T, Storrs BB (1991) Electrophysiological monitoring in selective posterior rhizotomy for spasticity: principles, techniques and interpretation of responses. In: Sindou M, Abbott R, Keravel Y (eds) Neurosurgery for spasticity. Springer, Wien/New York, pp 159–163
Storrs BB, Nishida T (1988) Use of the ‘H’ reflex recovery curve in selective posterior rhizotomy. Pediatr Neurosci 14:120–123
Sindou M, Millet MF, Mortamais J, Eyssette M (1982) Results of selective posterior rhizotomy in the treatment of painful and spastic paraplegia secondary to multiple sclerosis. Appl Neurophysiol 45:335–340
Sindou M, Jeanmonod D (1989) Microsurgical DREZ-otomy for the treatment of spasticity and pain in the lower limbs. Neurosurgery 24:655–670
Millet MF, Mortamais J, Sindou M, Eyssette M, Boisson D, Bourret J (1981) Neurochirurgie dans les paraplégiques spastiques et douloureuses de la sclérose en plaques: résultats à moyen terme de la radicellotomie postérieure sélective dans 12 cas. In: Simon L (ed) Actualités en rééducation fonctionelle et réadaptation, ser 6. Masson, Paris, pp 76–85
Sindou M, Jeanmonod D, Mertens P, Millet MF (1991) Surgery in the dorsal root entry zone: microsurgical DREZ-otomy (MDT) for the treatment of spasticity. In: Sindou M, Abbott R, Keravel Y (eds) Neurosurgery for spasticity. Springer, Wien/New York, pp 165–182
Filipetti P, Decq P (2003) L’apport des blocs anesthésiques dans l’évaluation du patient spastique. Neurochirurgie 49:226–238
Jiménez I, Rudomin P, Enriquez M (1991) Differential effects of (−)-baclofen on la and descending monosynaptic EPSPs. Exp Brain Res 85:103–113
Stuart GJ, Redman SJ (1992) The role of GABAA and GABAB receptors in presynaptic inhibition of la EPSPs in cat spinal motoneurones. J Physiol 447:675–692
Azouvi P, Mane M, Thiebaut JB, Denys P, Remy-Neris O, Bussel B (1996) Intrathecal baclofen administration for control of severe spinal spasticity: functional improvement and long-term follow-up. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 77:35–39
Penn R, Kroin JS (1985) Continuous intrathecal Baclofen for severe spasticity. Lancet 2:125–127
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer-Verlag Wien
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sindou, M., Georgoulis, G., Mertens, P. (2014). Evaluation of Spasticity in Adults. In: Neurosurgery for Spasticity. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1771-2_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1771-2_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna
Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-1770-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-1771-2
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)