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Regeneration in the Central Nervous System: Concepts and Facts

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Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery

Part of the book series: Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery ((NEUROSURGERY,volume 16))

Abstract

In many years, based on Cajal’s statement “… nerve paths are fixed, ended, immutable. Everything may die, nothing may be regenerated…” (Ramon y Cajal 1928) it has been assumed that the central nervous system (CNS) is unable to regenerate a lesioned pathway. Current opinion is in many instances the opposite (Liu and Chambers 1958; Fuxe et al. 1974; Cotman 1978; Björklund and Stenevi 1979). There is now a general belief in possible regeneration in the CNS, even if clearcut results remain scarce (Finger and Almli 1985; Berry 1985). In fact, in some cases, functional recovery after a CNS lesion has been observed and correlated with a morphological readjustment of the neural circuitry. However, a cause-effect link between morphological and functional recovery has not yet been provided, at least not beyond any doubt (Finger and Almli 1985). Since, as a general rule, for both invertebrates and vertebrates, there is little or no further generation of nerve cells in the mature brain, the morphological recovery observed after a lesion must rely on the ability of neurons to form new processes and new contacts (Raisman and Field 1973; Goldberg 1980; Veraa and Grafstein 1981). In fact, neuronal connections are in a dynamic state (morphological plasticity), since also in physiological conditions in the mature brain they are subjected to continuous remodelling (Björklund and Stenevi 1979; Cotman et al. 1981; Cotman and Nieto-Sampedro 1984).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Physiology, University of Modena, Italy

    I. Zini, M. Zoli, E. Merlo Pich & R. Grimaldi

  2. Department of Histology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

    K. Fuxe

  3. Fidia Research Laboratories, Abano Terme, Italy

    G. Toffano

  4. Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA

    M. Goldstein

  5. Istituto di Fisiologia Umana, Universitá di Modena, via Campi 287, I-41100, Modena, Italy

    Prof. L. F. Agnati

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  1. Prof. L. F. Agnati
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. London, UK

    L. Symon

  2. Brussels, Belgium

    J. Brihaye

  3. Bordeaux, France

    F. Cohadon

  4. Rome, Italy

    B. Guidetti

  5. Homburg/Saar, Germany

    F. Loew

  6. Edinburgh, England

    J. D. Miller

  7. Oslo, Norway

    H. Nornes

  8. Budapest, Hungary

    E. Pásztor

  9. Paris, France

    B. Pertuiset

  10. Zurich, Switzerland

    M. G. Yaşargil

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Dedicated to Professor Paolo Crepax (1920–1974).

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Agnati, L.F. et al. (1988). Regeneration in the Central Nervous System: Concepts and Facts. In: Symon, L., et al. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery. Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery, vol 16. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6954-4_1

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