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The Biosynthesis of Proteins and Peptides, including Isotopic Tracer Studies

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Fortschritte der Chemie Organischer Naturstoffe/Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products/Progrès Dans La Chimie Des Substances Organiques Naturelles

Abstract

It has been the hope of the biochemist for more than half a century to study in vitro the biological, i. e. enzymatic synthesis of protein. Of course, the hope has not yet been realized; but the outlook is brighter, or at least, less dim now. Certain misconceptions have been recognized, and with the removal of these obstructions approaches to the core of the problem appear to have been opened. This advance was made possible by the new experimental tool of isotope-labeled tracers. In most in vitro chemical reactions the products are formed in large enough quantities to be measured. This is not the case in protein biosynthesis, first because the reaction is very slow compared with ordinary chemical reactions, and second because a relatively large amount of protein is needed as enzyme system to make the reaction go at all; and any small increase in protein that may occur has to be seen against the backgroand of the large amount of protein present initially. The latter difficulty is now being circumvented, to some extent, by the use of antibodies to precipitate small amounts of specific proteins formed, [Petters and Anfinsen (129, 130), Keston and Dreyfus (100)]. But even in these experiments it is possible that there has not been an increase in the mass of total protein, but only a transformation of one tissue protein into another.

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    H. Borsook

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Borsook, H. (1952). The Biosynthesis of Proteins and Peptides, including Isotopic Tracer Studies. In: Zechmeister, L. (eds) Fortschritte der Chemie Organischer Naturstoffe/Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products/Progrès Dans La Chimie Des Substances Organiques Naturelles. Fortschritte der Chemie Organischer Naturstoffe/Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products/Progrès Dans La Chimie Des Substances Organiques Naturelles, vol 9. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-7169-1_7

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