Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Landscape Mosaicness in the Ocean: Its Significance for Biodiversity Patterns in Benthic Organisms and Fish

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Integrative Observations and Assessments

Part of the book series: Ecological Research Monographs ((APBON))

Abstract

Although the importance of landscape mosaicness for biodiversity has been repeatedly stressed in terrestrial ecosystems, the significance of its application in the ocean has rarely been addressed. This application appears to be particularly important in East and Southeast Asia because the coastal landscape is complicated by the presence of many islands and peninsulas. Here we review basic differences in environments between marine and terrestrial areas. We then explore how the presence of multiple landscape elements enhances the diversity of marine organisms. The additive effect of multiple landscape elements on the biodiversity of benthic organisms and fish appears to be widespread. Nonadditive or emergent effects of multiple landscape elements have been found for groups of organisms exhibiting ontogenetic or daily habitat changes, particularly for fish in tropical coastal areas. Processes of determining the biodiversity of fish may be hierarchically organized by different factors at different spatial scales. We also report advanced research on the effect of the terrestrial landscape on fish in coastal ecosystems. We propose that it is important to consider spatial and temporal scales as well as land–ocean relationships. Because landscape analysis of marine areas is still at an early stage, theories and techniques developed in terrestrial ecosystems will help us understand general principles underlying the generation of biodiversity in the ocean.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Andersson J, Byström P, Claessen D, Persson L, De Roos AM (2007) Stabilization of population fluctuations due to cannibalism promotes resource polymorphism in fish. Am Nat 169(6):820–829

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Angel MV (1993) Biodiversity of the pelagic ocean. Conserv Biol 7:760–772

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Azovsky AI (2000) Concept of scale in marine ecology: linking the words or the worlds. Web Ecol 1(1):28–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Azuma M (1982) Seagrass bed degradation and fishery products. In: Seagrass bed (especially eelgrass) and fishery organisms. Japan Fisheries Resource Conservation Association, Tokyo, pp 106–149 (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bologna PAX, Heck KL (2000) Impacts of seagrass habitat architecture on bivalve settlement. Estuar Coast 23(4):449–457

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bengtsson J, Angelstam P, Elmqvist T, Emanuelsson U, Folke C, Ihse M, Moberg F, Nyström M (2003) Reserves, resilience and dynamic landscapes. AMBIO 32:389–396

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boström C, Pittman SJ, Simenstad C, Kneib RT (2011) Seascape ecology of coastal biogenic habitats: advances, gaps, and challenges. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 427:191–217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carr MH, Neigel JE, Estes JA, Andelman SJ, Warner RR, Largier JL (2003) Comparing marine and terrestrial ecosystems: implications for the design of coastal marine reserves. Ecol Appl 13:90–107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Convention for Biological Diversity (CBD) (2011) Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011–2020 (COP 10 Decision X/2; including the Aichi Targets). http://www.cbd.int/decision/cop/?id=12268. Accessed 3 Dec 2011

  • Connell JH (1978) Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs. Science 199:1302–1310

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dunning JB, Danielson BJ, Pulliam HR (1992) Ecological processes that affect populations in complex landscapes. Oikos 65:169–175

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Forman RTT (1995) Some general principles of landscape and regional ecology. Landsc Ecol 10:133–142

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franklin JF (1993) Preserving biodiversity: species, ecosystems, or landscapes? Ecol Appl 3:202–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fukaya K, Okuda T, Nakaoka M, Hori M, Noda T (2010) Seasonality in the strength and spatial scale of processes determining intertidal barnacle population growth. J Anim Ecol 79:1270–1279

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goshima S (2003) Relationships between benthic ecology and fishery. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp 369–406 (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray JS (1997) Marine biodiversity: patterns, threats and conservation needs. Biodivers Conserv 6:153–175

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grober-Dunsmore R, Frazer TK, Lindberg WJ, Beets J (2007) Reef fish and habitat relationships in a Caribbean seascape: the importance of reef context. Coral Reefs 26:201–216

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grober-Dunsmore R, Frazer TK, Beets JP, Lindberg WJ, Zwick P, Funicelli NA (2008) Influence of landscape structure on reef fish assemblages. Landsc Ecol 23:37–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hatcher BG, Imberger J, Smith SV (1987) Scaling analysis of coral reef systems: an approach to problems of scale. Coral Reefs 5:171–181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heck KL, Valentine JF (2006) Plant–herbivore interactions in seagrass meadows. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 330:420–436

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ian Perry R, Ommer RE (2003) Scale issues in marine ecosystems and human interactions. Fish Oceanogr 12:513–522

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kato M (2001) SATOYAMA and Biodiversity Conservation: SATOYAMA as Important Insect Habitats. Glob Environ Res Eng Ed 5:135–150

    Google Scholar 

  • Kendall MS, Miller TJ, Pittman SJ (2011) Patterns of scale-dependency and the influence of map resolution on the seascape ecology of reef fish. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 427:259–274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kerr JT, Southwood TRE, Cihlar J (2001) Remotely sensed habitat diversity predicts butterfly species richness and community similarity in Canada. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:11365

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kikuchi T (1982) Fish community in a seagrass bed. In: Report of seagrass subdivision. Study on fishery environment. Japan Fisheries Resource Conservation Association, Tokyo, pp 49–105 (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kinlan BP, Gaines SD (2003) Propagule dispersal in marine and terrestrial environments: a community perspective. Ecology 84:2007–2020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klein CJ, Jupiter SD, Selig ER, Watts ME, Halpern BS, Kamal M, Roelfsema C, Possingham HP (2012) Forest conservation delivers highly variable coral reef conservation outcomes. Ecol Appl 22:1246–1256

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuroe M, Yamaguchi N, Kadoya T, Miyashita T (2011) Matrix heterogeneity affects population size of the harvest mice: Bayesian estimation of matrix resistance and model validation. Oikos 12:271–279

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luo J, Serafy JE, Sponaugle S, Teare PB, Kieckbusch D (2009) Movement of gray snapper Lutjanus griseus among subtropical seagrass, mangrove, and coral reef habitats. Mar Ecol Prog 380:255–269

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marini L, Fontana P, Battisti A, Gaston KJ (2009) Agricultural management, vegetation traits and landscape drive orthopteran and butterfly diversity in a grassland forest mosaic: a multi scale approach. Insect Conserv Divers 2:213–220

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mellin C, AndrefouĂ«t S, Ponton D (2007) Spatial predictability of juvenile fish species richness and abundance in a coral reef environment. Coral Reefs 26:895–907

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mellin C, AndrĂ©fouĂ«t S, Kulbicki M, Dalleau M, Vigliola L (2009) Remote sensing and fish–habitat relationships in coral reef ecosystems: review and pathways for systematic multi-scale hierarchical research. Mar Pollut Bull 58:11–19

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Minello TJ, Zimmerman RJ, Medina R (1994) The importance of edge for natant macrofauna in a created salt marsh. Wetlands 14:184–198

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miyashita T (2013) The significance of ecosystem diversity on species richness and ecosystem sustainability: a general conceptualization. In: Nakano S, Yahara T, Nakashizuka T (eds) Integrative observations and assessments, Ecological research monographs. Springer, Tokyo, pp 29–47

    Google Scholar 

  • Mumby PJ, Steneck RS (2008) Coral reef management and conservation in light of rapidly evolving ecological paradigms. Trends Ecol Evol 23:555–563

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mumby PJ, Edwards AJ, Arias González JE, Lindeman KC, Blackwell PG, Gall A, Gorczynska MI, Harborne AR, Pescod CL, Renken H (2004) Mangroves enhance the biomass of coral reef fish communities in the Caribbean. Nature (Lond) 427:533–536

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nagelkerken I, Van der Velde G, Gorissen MW, Meijer GJ, Van’t Hof T, Den Hartog C (2000) Importance of mangroves, seagrass beds and the shallow coral reef as a nursery for important coral reef fishes, using a visual census technique. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 51:31–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nakano S, Murakami M (2001) Reciprocal subsidies: dynamic interdependence between terrestrial and aquatic food webs. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98:166

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nip THM, Wong CK (2010) Juvenile fish assemblages in mangrove and non-mangrove soft-shore habitats in eastern Hong Kong. Zool Stud 49:760–778

    Google Scholar 

  • Pas Ong S, Lebel L (2000) Political transformation and the environment in Southeast Asia. Environment 42:8–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pineda J (2000) Linking larval settlement to larval transport: assumptions, potentials, and pitfalls. Oceanogr East Pac 1:84–105

    Google Scholar 

  • Pittman SJ, McAlpine CA, Pittman KM (2004) Linking fish and prawns to their environment: a hierarchical landscape approach. Mar Ecol Prog 283:233–254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ries L, Fletcher RJ Jr, Battin J, Sisk TD (2004) Ecological responses to habitat edges: mechanisms, models, and variability explained. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 35:491–522

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saito Y (1979) Basic of marine forest construction technics. Fish Technics Manag 171:77–82 (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • SchlĂĽnz B, Schneider RR (2000) Transport of terrestrial organic carbon to the oceans by rivers: re-estimating flux-and burial rates. Int J Earth Sci 88(4):599–606

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shoji J (2009) Fishes and seagrass/algal bed. Seizando, Tokyo (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shoji J, Tanaka M (2005) Daily ration and prey size of juvenile piscivore Japanese Spanish mackerel. J Fish Biol 67:1107–1118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sogard SM, Able KW (1994) Diel variation in immigration of fishes and decapod crustaceans to artificial seagrass habitat. Estuar Coast 17:622–630

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stergiou KI, Browman HI, Cole JJ, Halley JM, Paine RT, Raffaelli D, Solan M, Webb TJ, Stenseth NC, Mysterud A (2005) Bridging the gap between aquatic and terrestrial ecology. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 304:271–307

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • St.-Louis V, Pidgeon AM, Clayton MK, Locke BA, Bash D, Radeloff VC (2009) Satellite image texture and a vegetation index predict avian biodiversity in the Chihuahuan Desert of New Mexico. Ecography 32:468–480

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Terawaki T (1997) Function of seagrass bed. In: Research review Series 4: function of seagrass/algal bed (ed) The Council for the Promotion of experiment and research on fisheries industry. pp 82–10 (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Thorson G (1964) Light as an ecological factor in the dispersal and settlement of larvae of marine bottom invertebrates. Ophelia 1:167–208

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsuchiya M, Kurihara Y (1976) Studies on the distribution of the macrobenthos with special reference to the movement of the fine particles at Gamo Lagoon, Miyagi Prefecture. Physiol Ecol Jpn 17:145–151 (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner MG (1989) Landscape ecology: the effect of pattern on process. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 20:171–197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turner MG, Gardner RH, O’Neill RV (2001) Landscape ecology in theory and practice: pattern and process. Springer, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Unsworth RKF, De LeĂłn PS, Garrard SL, Jompa J, Smith DJ, Bell JJ (2008) High connectivity of Indo-Pacific seagrass fish assemblages with mangrove and coral reef habitats. Mar Ecol Prog 353:213–224

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webb TJ (2012) Marine and terrestrial ecology: unifying concepts, revealing differences. Trends Ecol Evol 27(10):535–541. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2012.06.002

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wedding LM, Friedlander AM, McGranaghan M, Yost RS, Monaco ME (2008) Using bathymetric lidar to define nearshore benthic habitat complexity: implications for management of reef fish assemblages in Hawaii. Remote Sens Environ 112:4159–4165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamakita T, Nakaoka M (2011) Importance of considering grain and extent for the analysis on spatial dynamics: perspectives from comparison between theory and empirical example on seagrass bed dynamics in Tokyo Bay. Procedia Soc Behav Sci 21:177–183

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamakita T, Watanabe K, Nakaoka M (2011) Asynchronous local dynamics contributes to stability of a seagrass bed in Tokyo Bay. Ecography 34:519–528

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamakita T, Taki H, Kimiko O (2014) Quantitative effects of terrestrial and oceanic factors on the nationwide distribution of seagrass and algal beds at two different basin scales. Submitted

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study is a contribution to the S-9 projects supported by the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund, Ministry of the Environment, Japan, and Tohoku Ecosystem-Associated Marine Science supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science & Technology. We also would like to thank Hiroya Yamano giving us comments on this article.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Marine Biodiversity Research Program, Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15, Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-city, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan

    Takehisa Yamakita

  2. Department of Ecosystem Studies, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bukyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan

    Tadashi Miyashita

Authors
  1. Takehisa Yamakita
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Tadashi Miyashita
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Takehisa Yamakita .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan

    Shin -ichi Nakano

  2. Department of Biology Center for Asian Conservation Ecology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Tetsukazu Yahara

  3. Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

    Tohru Nakashizuka

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Japan

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Yamakita, T., Miyashita, T. (2014). Landscape Mosaicness in the Ocean: Its Significance for Biodiversity Patterns in Benthic Organisms and Fish. In: Nakano, Si., Yahara, T., Nakashizuka, T. (eds) Integrative Observations and Assessments. Ecological Research Monographs(). Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54783-9_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation