Riassunto
Questo capitolo introduce la terminologia tecnica utilizzata nel corso della trattazione, offre una panoramica dei primi lavori compiuti nel campo dell’intelligenza artificiale e della robotica e discute i due approcci fondamentali per il controllo robotico: l’approccio funzionale e l’approccio basato sui comportamenti.
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2.5 Letture di approfondimento
Primi robot mobili
Shakey (Stanford Research Institute): N.J. Nilsson, A Mobile Automation: An Application of Artificial Intelligence Techniques. First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 509–520. Washington DC, 1969.
— N.J. Nilsson (ed.), Shakey the robot. Technical Note 323. Artificial Intelligence Center Menlo Park, SRI International, 1984.
JPL-Rover (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena): A.M. Thompson, The navigation system of the JPL robot. Proc. 5 th IJCAI, Cambridge MA, 1977.
CART-CMU Rover (Stanford University, Carnegie Mellon University): H. Moravec, Visual mapping by a robot Rover. Proc. 6 th IJCAI, Tokyo, 1979.
— H. Moravec, Robot Rover visual navigation. UMI Research Press, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1981.
— H. Moravec, The CMU Rover. Proceedings AAAI 82, Pittsburgh, 1982.
— H. Moravec, The Stanford Cart and the CMU Rover. Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 71(7), pp. 872–884, 1983.
Hilare/Hilare II (LAAS, CNRS, Toulouse): G. Giralt, R.P. Sobek, R. Chatila, A multi-level planning and navigation system for a mobile robot: a first approach to Hilare. Proc. 6 th IJCAI, Tokyo, 1979.
— G. Giralt, Mobile robots. In: Robotics and artificial intelligence. NASA ASI, Serie F(1), 1984.
— G. Giralt, R. Alami, R. Chatila, P. Freedman, Remote operated autonomous robots. Proceedings of the SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 1571, pp. 416–427, 1991.
Navlab/Ambler (Carnegie Mellon University): S. Shafer, A. Stenz, C. Thorpe, An architecture for sensor fusion in a mobile robot. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, 1986.
— C. Thorpe, Outdoor visual navigation for autonomous robots. Proc International Conference on Intelligent Autonomous Systems 2, vol 2, Amsterdam, 1989.
— C. Thorpe et al., Vision and navigation for the Carnegie-Mellon Navlab. In: S.S. Iyengar, A. Elfe (eds.) Autonomous mobile robots: central planning and architecture, vol 2. Los Alamitos CA, 1991.
— C. Thorpe, Outdoor visual navigation for autonomous robots. J Robotics and Autonomous Systems, vol. 7(2–3), pp. 85–98, 1991.
Flakey (SRI International): M.P. Georgeff et al., Reasoning and planning in dynamic domains: an experiment with a mobile robot, TR 380. Artificial Intelligence Center, SRI International, Menlo Park CA, 1987.
Yamabico (University Tsukuba, Japan): T. Tsubouchy, S. Yuta, Map assisted vision system of mobile robots for reckoning in a building environment. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation. Raleigh NC, 1987.
— T. Tsubouchy, S. Yuta, The map assisted mobile robot’s vision system: an experiment on real time environment recognition. Proc. IEEE RSJ International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and System, Japan, 1988.
Kamro (University Karlsruhe): U. Rembold, The Karlsruhe autonomous mobile assembly robot. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation. Philadelphia, 1988.
Paradigmi di controllo
Discussione generale: C. Malcolm, T. Smithers, J. Hallam, An emerging paradigm in robot architecture. Proc. International Conference on Intelligent Autonomous Systems 2, Amsterdam, 1989.
CMU Rover: A. Elfes, S.N. Talukdar, A distributed control system for the CMU Rover. Proc. 8 th IJCAI, Karlsruhe, 1983.
Mobot-1 (MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab): R. Brooks, A robust layered control system for a mobile robot. IEEE Journal of Robotics and Automation, vol. 2(1), 1986.
Mobot-2 (MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab): R. Brooks et al., A mobile robot with onboard parallel processor and large workspace arm. Proc. AAAI 86, Philadelphia, 1986.
Yamabico (University Tsukuba, Japan): M.K. Habib, S. Suzuki, S. Yuta, J. Iijima, A new programming approach to describe the sensor based real time action of autonomous robots, Robots: coming of age. Proc. of the International Symposium and Exposition on Robots, 1010–1021, 1988.
Kamro (University of Karlsruhe): A. Hörmann, W. Meier, J. Schloen, A control architecture for an advanced fault-tolerant robot system. J Robotics and Autonomous Systems, vol. 7(2–3), pp. 211–225, 1991.
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Nehmzow, U. (2008). Fondamenti di robotica mobile. In: Robotica mobile. Unitext(). Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0386-6_2
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