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Trattamento chirurgico

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Aterosclerosi
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Riassunto

La chirurgia della patologia coronarica nell’uomo ha avuto inizio nel 1935 con Beck [1] alla Cleveland Clinic negli Stati Uniti, che eseguì una rivascolarizzazione indiretta avvolgendo la parete anteriore e laterale del cuore mediante un peduncolo vascolarizzato del muscolo pettorale sinistro diviso longitudinalmente in due porzioni. Nel 1951 comincia l’era della rivascolarizzazione miocardica diretta: Vineberg [2] a Montreal esegue un intervento di rivascolarizzazione miocardica anastomizzando direttamente la porzione distale dell’arteria mammaria interna sinistra (AMIS) nel miocardio. Verso la fine degli anni Cinquanta, si sviluppano altre tecniche chirurgiche dirette sulle arterie coronarie, quali l’endoarterectomia coronarica riportata da Bailey e Longmire [3,4]. Con l’introduzione della macchina cuore-polmoni e, quindi, della circolazione extracorporea grazie a Gibbon nell’Università del Minnesota nel 1953 [5], gli interventi di rivascolarizzazione miocardica continuano a svilupparsi con l’avvento di tecniche chirurgiche più precise rivolte sempre all’eliminazione della stenosi coronarica, quali l’angioplastica chirurgica con patch in vena safena autologa riportata per la prima volta da Senning nel 1961 [6]. Agli inizi degli anni Sessanta si sviluppa la coronarografia grazie agli sforzi compiuti da Sones e Shirey [7] presso la Cleveland Clinic: questa nuova metodica diagnostica rende possibile la diretta localizzazione delle lesioni aterosclerotiche stenotiche e occlusive delle coronariche e conduce alla nascita della chirurgia coronarica. Dagli inizi degli anni Settanta fino ai giorni nostri i progressi sulla chirurgia coronarica sono stati rapidi ed enormi.

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Formica, F. (2010). Trattamento chirurgico. In: Aterosclerosi. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1412-1_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1412-1_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

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