Abstract
“Cryopreservation” is sometimes said to provide “viable” tissue – the terms have even been used as synonyms [1]. But the fact is that a cryopreservation method that is effective for one tissue may not be effective for another and even if reasonably effective it may not necessarily produce fully functional, living tissue – some cells may have been destroyed. One sometimes encounters the oxymoron “preservation injury” but surely, “preservation” and “injury” are mutually exclusive. And what does the term “viability” mean in a scientific context? The situation is complicated but at least some of the confusion may be resolved if we can define some of these terms.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
O’Brien et al (1987) The viable cryopreserved allograft aortic valve. J Cardiac Surg 1(Suppl):153–167
Polge C, Smith AU and Parkes AS (1949) Revival of spermatozoa after vitrification and dehydration at low temperatures. Nature 164:666
Pegg DE, Wusteman MC, Boylan S (1997) Fractures in cryopreserved elastic arteries. Cryobiology 34:183–192
Pegg DE, Wusteman MC, Wang, L (2006) Cryopreservation of articular cartilage Part 1. Conventional cryopreservation methods. Cryobiology 52:335–346
Pegg DE (1989) Viability assays for preserved cells, tissues and organs. Cryobiology 26:212–231
Huang Q, Pegg DE, Kearney JN (2004) Banking of non-viable skin allografts using high concentrations of glycerol or propylene glycol. Cell Tissue Bank 5:3–21
Hopkins RA (1989) Rationale for use of cryopreserved allograft tissues for cardiac reconstruction. In: Hopkins RA (ed) Cardiac reconstructions with aortic valves. Springer, New York, NY, pp 15–20
Aidulis D, Pegg DE, Hunt CJ, Goffin YA, Vanderkelen A, van Hoeck B, Santiago T, Ramos T, Gruys E, Voorhout W (2002) Processing of ovine cardiac valve allografts: 1. Effects of preservation method on structure and mechanical properties. Cell Tissue Bank 3:79–89
Neves J, Abecassis M, Santiago T, Ramos T, Melo J, Gruys E, Hulskamp-Koch C, Ultee A, Verkaar ELC, Lenstra CH, Goffin YA, Vanderkelen A, van Hoeck B, Hunt CJ, Pegg DE (2002) Processing of ovine cardiac valve allografts: 3. Implantation following antimicrobial treatment and preservation. Cell Tissue Bank 3:105–119
Barnes DWH, Loutit JF (1955) The radiation recovery factor: preservation by the Polge-Smith-Parkes technique. J Nat Cancer Inst 15:901
Lovelock JE, Bishop MWH (1959) Prevention of freezing damage to living cells by dimethyl sulphoxide. Nature(Lond) 183:1394–1395
Lovelock JE (1954) The protective action by neutral solutes against haemolysis by freezing and thawing. Biochem J 56:265–270
Ashwood-Smith MJ (1961) Preservation of mouse bone marrow at –79°C with dimethyl sulphoxide. Nature(Lond) 190:1204
Pegg DE, Lancaster PA (1998) A digital device and software for capturing and analysing cell volume data from a Coulter counter. Cryobiology 37:441
Arnaud FG, Pegg DE (1990) Permeation of glycerol and propane-1,2-diol into human platelets. Cryobiology 27:107–118
Hunt CJ, Armitage SE, Pegg DE (2003) Cryopreservation of umbilical cord blood: 1. Osmotically inactive volume, hydraulic conductivity and permeability of CD34+ cells to dimethyl sulphoxide. Cryobiology 46:61–75
Pegg DE (2006) Principles of cryobiopreservation. In: Day JG, McLellan MR (eds) Cryopreservation and freeze-drying protocols. Methods in molecular biology, vol 38, 2nd edn. Human Press, Totowa, NJ
Hunt CJ, Armitage SE, Pegg DE (2003) Cryopreservation of umbilical cord blood: 2. Tolerance of CD34+ cells to multimolar dimethyl sulphoxide and the effect of cooling rate on recovery after freezing and thawing. Cryobiology 46:76–87
Karow AM, Pegg DE (eds) (1981) Organ preservation for transplantation, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York, NY
Fuller BJ, Lee CY (2007) Hypothermic perfusion preservation: the future of organ preservation revisited. Cryobiology 54:129–145
Jacobsen IA, Pegg DE (1984) Cryopreservation of organs: a review. Cryobiology 21:377–384
Wang X et al (2002) Fertility after intact ovary transplantation. Nature 425:385
Morris GJ, Farrant J (1972) Interactions of cooling rate and protective additive on the survival of washed human erythrocytes frozen to –196°C. Cryobiology 9:173
Hunt CJ, Taylor MJ, Pegg DE (1982) Freeze-substitution and isothermal freeze-fixation studies to elucidate the pattern of ice formation in smooth muscle at 252 K (–21°C). J Microsc 125:177–186
Taylor MJ, Pegg DE (1983) The effect of ice formation on the function of smooth muscle tissue stored at –21° or –60°C. Cryobiology 20:36–40
Rall WF, Fahy GM (1985) Ice-free cryopreservation of mouse embryos at –196°Cv by vitrification. Nature (London) 313:573–575
Farrant J (1965) Mechanism of cell damage during freezing and thawing and its prevention. Nature (London) 205:1284–1287
Elford BC, Walter CA (1972) Effects of electrolyte composition and pH on the structure and function of smooth muscle cooled to –79°C in unfrozen media. Cryobiology 9:82–100
Pegg DE, Wang L, Vaughan, D (2006) Cryopreservation of articular cartilage 3. The liquidus-tracking method. Cryobiology 52:360–368
Wang L, Pegg DE, Lorrison J, Vaughan D, Rooney P (2007) Further work on the cryopreservation of articular cartilage with particular reference to the liquidus-tracking method. Cryobiology 55:138–147
Acknowledgments
This chapter draws on material previously published by the author in the BBTS Newsletter No 42 (Autumn 1996) and in an article “The preservation of tissues for transplantation.” Published in Cell and Tissue Banking, 7, 349–358 (2006).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer Netherlands
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pegg, D. (2010). Cryopreservation. In: Galea, G. (eds) Essentials of Tissue Banking. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9142-0_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9142-0_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-9141-3
Online ISBN: 978-90-481-9142-0
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)