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Ascorbate and Glutathione: Protectors of Plants in Oxidative Stress

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Ascorbate-Glutathione Pathway and Stress Tolerance in Plants

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced naturally in plants during normal growth conditions. However, their production is accelerated manifold during various abiotic and biotic stresses. Rapid and efficient detoxification of ROS is vital to avoid any damage at cellular level. This is done by a well defined antioxidative system which comprises of various enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalases and peroxidases) and low molecular weight compounds such as; praline, betaine, ascorbate and glutathione. Among these, ascorbate and glutathione are directly involved in scavenging of ROS. The present article will emphasize on the biosynthesis and role of ascorbate and glutathione during oxidative stress.

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Abbreviations

AsA:

ascorbic acid

APX:

ascorbate peroxidase

CAT:

catalase

DHAR:

dehydroascorbate, reductase

EBR:

2,4-epibrassinosteroid

FTS:

ferredoxin thioredoxin system

GR:

glutathione reductase

Grx:

glutaredoxin

GSH:

reduced glutathione

GSSG:

oxidized glutathione

GPX:

guaiacol peroxidase

LOX:

lipoxygenase

MDA:

malondialdehyde

NGS:

NADPH glutaredoxin system

NTS:

NADPH thioredoxin system

NTR:

Trx reductase

PAPS:

phosphoadenylyl sulfate

RNR:

ribonucleotide reductase

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

Trx:

thioredoxin

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan

    Qaisar Mahmood & Raza Ahmad

  2. Environmental Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Eoeun-dong 52, Yuseong, Daejon, 305-806, South Korea

    Sang-Soo Kwak

  3. Department of Environmental Sciences, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

    Audil Rashid

  4. Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810–193, Aveiro, Portugal

    Naser A. Anjum

  5. Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center (ABRC), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

    Naser A. Anjum

  6. Department of Botany, Division of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, UP, India

    Naser A. Anjum

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  1. Qaisar Mahmood
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  5. Naser A. Anjum
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Correspondence to Qaisar Mahmood .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Huandong Rd., Sinshih, Tainan, 74146, Taiwan R.O.C.

    Naser A. Anjum

  2. Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Huandong Rd., Sinshih, Tainan, 74146, Taiwan R.O.C.

    Ming-Tsair Chan

  3. Dept. Botany, Hamdard University, New Delhi, 110062, India

    Shahid Umar

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© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

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Mahmood, Q., Ahmad, R., Kwak, SS., Rashid, A., Anjum, N.A. (2010). Ascorbate and Glutathione: Protectors of Plants in Oxidative Stress. In: Anjum, N., Chan, MT., Umar, S. (eds) Ascorbate-Glutathione Pathway and Stress Tolerance in Plants. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9404-9_7

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