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Magnetic Resonance Tracking of Stem Cells with Iron Oxide Particles

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Intracellular Delivery

Part of the book series: Fundamental Biomedical Technologies ((FBMT,volume 5))

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Abstract

Stem cells transplantation is a promising therapy for numerous diseases where transplanted cells repair or replace damaged host tissue. While their efficacy and optimal delivery is under intense investigation, there lies a pivotal question seeking the whereabouts of the cells after transplantation. Imaging techniques have emerged in recent years, both to enable monitoring of stem cell location in patients and to improve the reliability of animal experimentation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows tracking of stem cells tagged with magnetic nanoparticle labels prior to transplantation, but is restricted by the inability of stem cells to incorporate sufficient label. This review addresses the optimisation of stem cell tagging with iron oxide particles to improve MR tracking, alternative cell labelling techniques using gene transfer, and the translational applications of cellular imaging.

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Abbreviations

MRI:

magnetic resonance imaging

ESC:

embryonic stem cells

MSC:

mesenchymal stem cells

Gd-DTPA:

gadolinium diethylenetriaminopentaacetic acid

SPIO:

superparamagnetic iron oxide particles

USPIO:

ultrasmall SPIO

MION:

monocrystalline iron oxide nanocompound

VSOP:

very small superparamagnetic iron oxide particles

AMNP:

anionic magnetic nanoparticle

IV:

intravenously

CLIO:

cross-linked iron oxide particles

Ab:

antibody

MGIO:

microgel iron oxide particles

EPC:

endothelial progenitor cells

PLL:

poly-L-lysine

Tf:

transferrin

TfR:

transferrin receptor

NSC:

neural stem cells

DC:

dendritic cells

CGMP:

clinical grade manufacturing practice

BrdU:

5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine

BBZ:

bis benzamide

SDR:

static dephasing regime

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Acknowledgements

EL was supported by project grants from Australian NHMRC, and JC received salary support from Singapore NMRC (CSA/012/2009). Appreciation is expressed to Debbie Ng for proofreading of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Richard M. Lucas Center for Imaging, Radiology Department, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, CA, 94305–5488, USA

    Eddy S. M. Lee

  2. UQ Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia

    Eddy S. M. Lee, Nicholas M. Fisk & Jerry Chan

  3. Richard M. Lucas Center for Imaging, Radiology Department, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Room PS064, Stanford, CA, 94305–5488, USA

    Brian K. Rutt

  4. Discipline of Medical Imaging, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia

    Shih-Chang Wang

  5. Department of Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Wentworthville, NSW, 2145, Australia

    Shih-Chang Wang

  6. Experimental Fetal Medicine Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119074, Singapore

    Jerry Chan

  7. Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore, 229899, Singapore

    Jerry Chan

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  1. Eddy S. M. Lee
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Correspondence to Eddy S. M. Lee .

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    Aleš Prokop

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Lee, E.S.M., Rutt, B.K., Fisk, N.M., Wang, SC., Chan, J. (2011). Magnetic Resonance Tracking of Stem Cells with Iron Oxide Particles. In: Prokop, A. (eds) Intracellular Delivery. Fundamental Biomedical Technologies, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1248-5_17

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