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Nitric Oxide Synthesis in Leaf Peroxisomes and in Plant-Type Mitochondria

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The Biology of Subcellular Nitric Oxide

Abstract

Peroxisomes are single-membrane bound organelles that are present in almost all types of eukaryote cells (Vitam Horm 72:111–154, 2005). Plant peroxisomes may be specialized to perform certain functions, such as the glyoxysomes of oilseeds, root nodule peroxisomes of tropical legumes or the leaf peroxisomes of photosynthesizing cells (Vitam Horm 72:111–154, 2005; Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)—Mol Cell Res 1763:1478–1495, 2006). Glyoxysomes are responsible for the b-oxidation of fatty acids and also contain the glyoxalate cycle enzymes which convert lipids to carbohydrates, representing a plant-specific metabolite transition. Root nodule peroxisomes are sites of allantoin (the major transportable nitrogen form) biosynthesis (Vitam Horm 72:111–154, 2005). The leaf peroxisomes are organelles of photorespiration and are usually present in close vicinity of the chloroplasts and the mitochondria since photorespiration establishes a metabolic interlace between these three plant organelles (Plant Cell Physiol 43:689–696, 2002). Peroxisomes are also sites of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification and involved in the biosynthesis of vitamins and plant hormones (Vitam Horm 72:111–154, 2005; Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)—Mol Cell Res 1763:1478–1495, 2006; J Exp Bot 61:1441–1453, 2010).

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  1. Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center, Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain

    Tamás Rőszer

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Rőszer, T. (2012). Nitric Oxide Synthesis in Leaf Peroxisomes and in Plant-Type Mitochondria. In: The Biology of Subcellular Nitric Oxide. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2819-6_4

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