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Biology of MSCs Isolated from Different Tissues

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Essentials of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Biology and Its Clinical Translation

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Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been firstly isolated from bone marrow (BM). The relatively ease of MSC collection from BM samples alongside their high frequency, make it a widely used source of MSCs. For many years, BM was considered the main source of MSCs for clinical application. Subsequently, MSCs have been isolated from various other sources and the adipose tissue seems one of the most promising alternatives due to safer collecting procedures, and also the considerably larger amounts of cells obtained. Adipose tissue-derived MSCs, as well as other tissues-derived cells, and BM-MSCs share many biological characteristics; however, there are some differences in their immunophenotype, differentiation potential, transcriptome, proteome, and immunomodulatory activity. Some of these differences may represent specific features related to the different tissue origins, while others are suggestive of the inherent heterogeneity of in vitro expanded populations. Moreover, lack of a widely accepted consensus about MSC isolating and culture procedures represent an important source of variability.

The general approach to investigate the presence of MSCs in a specific tissue consists of culturing processed samples in minimal media selecting MSC-like cell population by plastic adherence, and verifying the clonogenity, the multilineage differentiation potential and surface markers expression. Applying this method, many different tissues have shown to be a feasible source of MSCs in humans and in animals, contributing to consolidate the emerging concept that MSCs could reside virtually in all organs and tissues.

Here, data about MSC isolation from some adult or birth-associated tissues are presented, discussed and compared.

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  1. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 56, 56124, Pisa, Italy

    Simone Pacini

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  1. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, 5 Dong Dan San Tiao, Beijing, 100005, China, People's Republic

    Robert Chunhua Zhao

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Pacini, S. (2013). Biology of MSCs Isolated from Different Tissues. In: Zhao, R. (eds) Essentials of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Biology and Its Clinical Translation. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6716-4_2

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