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The cardiovascular system

  • Chapter
The Comparative Physiology of Regulatory Peptides

Abstract

Regulatory peptides that have actions on the cardiovascular system are produced in plasma, vascular endothelium, cardiac muscle, endocrine tissue and neurones of vertebrates. In many cases structurally identical or similar peptides can also be found in neurones and endocrine tissue of invertebrates. Many regulatory peptides act as hormones and their cardiovascular actions depend on circulating peptide levels. In these cases the cardiovascular system may not be the only site of action of the peptides. Furthermore, circulating peptides may have different effects on different parts of the cardiovascular system, depending on the location and subtypes of receptors. Many peptides are contained in peripheral autonomic and unmyelinated sensory neurones supplying the heart and blood vessels of vertebrates. Most peptide-containing autonomic neurones supplying the cardiovascular system also contain a catecholamine or acetylcholine, although not all autonomic neurones have so far been found to contain peptides. Some of these peptides have been shown to be released on activation of specific nerve pathways, and thus potentially can have cardiovascular effects which are well defined spatially and temporally.

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Morris, J.L. (1989). The cardiovascular system. In: Holmgren, S. (eds) The Comparative Physiology of Regulatory Peptides. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0835-2_12

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