Abstract
The frequency of activity in institutional research in grassland ecology has had a bimodal temporal distribution. The first peak occurred about 1940 and was derived from the cadre of ecologists that emanated from the Department of Botany at the University of Nebraska. Range management as a profession partially distinct from grassland ecology, evolved from the Nebraskan network. The first era lasted about 30 years. The inception of the Grassland Biome component of the International Biological Program (IBP) marked the inception of the second era of intense activity by grassland ecologists, the duration of which was about 10 years, peaking in the mid-1970’s. The program produced prodigious detail on grassland ecology, but no new paradigms for the practices of range management. The existence and character of grassland is determined on the basis of prevailing climate, age and human intervention. Community composition, seasonal, trophic and nutrient dynamics, edaphic traits and adaptive fitness are a few of the many ecological concepts that are applied in range management practices. Knowledge of ecological traits of grassland can be used in harmony with knowledge of external forces such as marketability to formulate management plans that might include when, where, with what, how many and how often to graze livestock. From the domain of grassland ecology, the practices of describing range sites and evaluating range condition were brought forth from the concepts of community classification and ecological succession, respectively. Governmental agencies generously utilize these applications, although change and academic controversy are enmeshed. The ecosystem concept, although not directly derived from grassland ecology, is widely vocalized in range management, primarily as a heuristic device rather than one of practicability. The hierarchy is a different approach that recently has been advocated by some ecologists. The relatively recently derived sphere of research in the population biology of plants holds promise for applications in range management, such as revegetation and pest control. Contemporary research in natural plant/herbivore relationships in grasslands has revealed detail on the interdependence of these 2 conspicuous trophic levels, and has provided abundant theorizations for experimentation with domestic animals on rangeland.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Allen, T. F. H., and T. B. Starr. 1982. Hierarchy: perspectives for ecological complexity. Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Barnard, C., and O. H. Frankel. 1964. Grass, grazing animals, and man in historic perspective.p. 1–12. In: C. Barnard (ed.) Grasses and grasslands. Macmillan and Co. Ltd., London.
Barbour, M. G., J. H. Burk, and W. D. Pitts. 1980. Terrestrial plant ecology. The Benjamin/ Cummings Pub. Co., Inc., Menlo Park, CA.
Bazzaz, F. A., and J. A. D. Parrish. 1982. Organization and grassland communities. p. 233– 254. In: J. R. Estes, R. J. Tyrl, and J. N. Brunken (eds.) Grasses and grasslands: systematics and ecology. Univ. of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
Belsky, A. J. 1986. Does herbivory benefit plants? A review of the evidence. Am. Nat. 127: 870–892.
Belsky, A. J. 1987. The effects of grazing: confounding of ecosystem, community, and organism scales. Am. Nat. 129: 777–783.
Bonham, C. D. 1983. Range vegetation classification. Rangelands 5:19–21.
Breymeyer, A. I., and G. M. Van Dyne (eds.) 1978. Grasslands, systems analysis and man. IBP synthesis series 18. Cambridge Univ. Press, London.
Chapline, W. R. 1980. First 10 years of the office of grazing studies. Rangelands 2: 223– 227.
Chew, R. M. 1974. Consumers as regulators of ecosystems: an alternative to energetics. Ohio J. Sci. 74: 359–369.
Clark, F. E. 1975. Viewing the invisible prairie. p. 181–197. In: M. K. Wali (ed.) Prairie: A multiple view. Univ. of North Dakota Press, Grand Forks.
Clements, F. E. 1905. Research methods in ecology. Lincoln: Univ. Publ. Co. Reprinted New York: Arno Press (1977).
Clements, F. E. 1916. Plant succession: an analysis of the development of vegetation. Publication No. 242. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Inst. of Washington.
Clements, F. E. 1936. Nature and structure of the climax. J. Ecol. 24: 552–584.
Costello, D. F. 1957. Application of ecology to range management. Ecology 38:49–53.
Coupland, R. T. (ed.) 1979a. Grassland ecosystems of the world: analysis of grasslands and their uses. IBP synthesis series 18. Cambridge Univ. Press, London.
Coupland, R. T. 1979b. Introduction. p. 1–37. In: R. T. Coupland (ed.) Grassland ecosystems of the world: analysis of grasslands and their uses. IBP synthesis series 18. Cambridge Univ. Press, London.
Cowles, H. C. 1899. The ecological relations of the vegetation of the sand dunes of Lake Michigan. Bot. Gaz. 27: 95–117,167–202,281–308, 361–391.
Cowles, H. C. 1901. The physiographic ecology of Chicago and vicinity: a study of the origin, development, and classification of plant societies. Bot. Gaz. 31: 73–108, 145– 181.
Cowles, H. C. 1911. The causes of vegetative cycles. Bot. Gaz. 51:161–183.
Cragg, J. B. 1979. Foreword. In: R. T. Coupland (ed.) Grassland ecosystems of the world: analysis of grasslands and their uses. Cambridge Univ. Press, London.
Crawley, M. J. 1983. Herbivory: the dynamics of animal-plant interaction. Univ. of California Press, Berkeley.
Detling, J. K. 1979. Processes controlling blue grama production on the shortgrass prairie. p. 25–42. In: N. R. French (ed.) Perspectives in grassland ecology. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Dix, R. L., and R. G. Beidleman (eds.) 1969. The grassland ecosystem: a preliminary synthesis. Range Sci. Dep. Sci. Ser. No. 3. Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins.
Dodd, J. L., and W. K. Lauenroth. 1979. Analysis of the response of a grassland ecosystem to stress. p. 43–58. In: N. R. French (ed.) Perspectives in grassland ecology. Springer-Verlag,New York.
Dyer, M. I., J. K. Detling, D. C. Coleman, and D. W. Hilbert. 1982. The role of herbivores in grasslands. p. 255–295. In: J. R. Estes, R. J. Tyrl, and J. N. Brunken (eds.) Grasses and grasslands: systematics and ecology. Univ. of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
Dyksterhuis, E. J. 1949. Condition and management of range land based on quantitative ecology. J. Range manage. 2:104–115.
Dyksterhuis, E. J. 1958. Ecological principles in range evaluation. Bot. Rev. 24: 253–272.
Dyksterhuis, E. J. 1980. Notes on the origin of range science. Rangelands 2: 228–229.
Egerton, F. N. 1976. Ecological studies and observations before 1900. p. 311–351. In: B. J. Taylor, and T. J. White (eds.) Issues and Ideas in America. Univ. of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
Ellison, L. 1960. Influence of grazing on plant succession of rangelands. Bot. Rev. 26: 1–78.
Engelberg, J., and L. L. Boyarsky. 1979. The noncybernetic nature of ecosystems. Am. Nat. 114:317–324.
French, N. R., W. E. Grant, W. Grodzinski, and D. M. Swift. 1974. Small mammal energetics in grassland ecosystems. Ecol. Monogr. 46: 201–220.
French, N. R. (ed.) 1979. Perspectives in grassland ecology. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Gleason, H. A. 1926. The Individualistic concept of the plant association. Bull. of the torrey Bot. Club 53:1–20.
Gleason, H. A. 1939. The individualistic concept of the plant association. Am. Midland Nat. 21:92–110.
Harper, J. L. 1977. Population biology of plants. Acad. Press, London.
Holechek, J. L. 1981. A brief history of range management in the United States. Rangelands 3:16–18.
Hyder, D. N., R. E. Bement, E. E. Remmenga, and D. F. Hervey. 1975. Ecological responses of native plants and guidelines for management of shortgrass range. USDA Tech. Bull. No. 1503. Innis, G. S. 1978. Objectives and structure for a grassland simulation model. p. 1–30. In: G. S. Innis (ed.) Grass simulation model. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Jameson, D. A. 1970. Land management policy and development of ecological concepts. J. Range Manage. 23: 316–321.
Jenny, H. 1961. Derivation of state equations of soils and ecosystems. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 25: 385–388.
Jordan, C. F. 1981. Do ecosystems exist? Am. Nat. 118: 284–287.
Kays, S., and J. L. Harper. 1974. The regulation of plant and tiller density in a grass sward. J.Ecol.62:97–105.
Klipple, G. E. 1964. Early-and late-season grazing versus season-long grazing of short-grass vegetation on the Central Great Plains. USDA, Forest Ser. Res. Paper RM-11.
Kumar, et al. 1976. Insects of the Central Plains Experimental Range, Pawnee National Grassland. Univ. of Wyoming Sci. Monogr.
Lauenroth, W. K. 1979. Grassland primary production: North American grasslands in perspective. p. 3–24. In: N. R. French (ed.) Perspectives in grassland ecology. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Launchbaugh, J. L. 1982. The use of complementary forages in a reproductive beef cattle operation. Dept. Rep. Fort Hays Branch Exp. Sta. Contrib. 82–165-D, Kansas State Univ.
Laycock, W. A. 1979. Introduction. p. 1–2. In: N. R. French (ed.) Perspectives in grassland ecology. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Lewis, J. K. 1969. Range management viewed in the ecosystem framework. p. 97–187. In: G. M. Van Dyne (ed.) The ecosystem concept in natural resource management. Academic Press, New York.
Lewis, J. K. 1973. Improving the efficiency of calf production in the 80’s using resources of the great plains: an educator’s view. p. B-1–B-29. In: F. H. Baker (ed.) Great Plains Beef Symposium. Great Plains Agr. Counc. Pub. No. 63, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln.
Lind, E. M., and E. S. Morrison. 1974. East African vegetation. Longman Group Limited, London.
Lindeman, R. L. 1942. The trophic-dynamic aspect of ecology. Ecology 23: 399–418.
Lorenz, R. J. 1977. Complementary grazing systems for the Northern Great Plains. Proc. The Range Beef Cow Symp. V, Chadron, NB.
McFayden, A. 1964. Energy flow in ecosystems and its exploitation by grazing. In: D. J. Crisp (ed.) Grazing in terrestrial and marine environments. Blackwell Sci. Publ., Oxford.
Major, J. 1969. Historical development of the ecosystem concept. p. 9–22. In: G. M. Van Dyne (ed.) The ecosystem concept in natural resource management. Academic Press, New York.
Margalef, R. 1965. Ecological correlations and the relationship between primary productivity and community structure. In: C. R. Goldman (ed.) Primary productivity in aquatic environments. Mdm. Inst. Ital. Idrobiol., 18 Suppl., Univ. of California Press, Berkeley.
Margalef, R. 1968. Perspectives in ecological theory. Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.
McCanny S. J., and P. B. Cavers. 1987. The escape hypothesis: a test involving a temperate, annual grass. Oikos 49: 67–76.
Mcintosh, R. P. 1976. Ecology since 1900. In: B. J. Taylor, and T. J. White (eds.) Issues and ideas in America. Univ. of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
Mcintosh, R. P. 1985. The background of ecology: concept and theory. Cambridge Univ. Press.
McNaughton, S. J. 1968. Structure and function in California grasslands. Ecology 49: 962– 972.
McNaughton, S. J. 1979. Grassland-herbivore dynamics. p. 82–103. In: A. R. E. Sinclair, and M. Norton-Griffiths (eds.) Serengeti: dynamics of an ecosystem. Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.
McNaughton, S. J. 1983. Serengeti grassland ecology: the role of composite environmental factors and contingency in community organization. Ecol. Mongr. 53: 291–320.
McNaughton, S. J. 1984. Grazing lawns: animals in herds, plant form, and coevolution. Am. Nat. 124:863–886.
McNaughton, S. J. 1985. Ecology of a grazing ecosystem: the Serengeti. Ecol. Monogr. 55: 259–294.
McNaughton, S. J. 1986. On plants and herbivores. Am. Nat. 128: 765–770.
Noy-Meir, I. 1975. Stability of grazing systems: an application of predator-prey graphs. J. Ecol. 63:459–481.
Odum, E. P. 1953. Fundamentals of ecology, 1st ed. Saunders, Philadelphia.
O’Neil, R. V., D. L. DeAngelis, J. B. Waide, and T. F. H. Allen. 1986. A hierarchical concept of ecosystems. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ.
Owen, D. F., and R. G. Wiegert. 1976. Do Consumers maximize plant fitness? Oikos 27: 488–492.
Parker, K. W. 1952. The role of plant ecology in range research and range management. Int. Grassland Cong. Proc. 6: 618–624.
Redmann, R. E. 1975. Production ecology of grassland plant communities in western North Dakota. Ecol. Monogr. 45: 83–106.
Reiners, W. A. 1986. Complementary models for ecosystems. Am. Nat. 127: 59–73.
Rice, E. L. 1983. Allelopathy, 2nd ed. Academic Press, Inc., Orlando, FL.
Ricou, G. A. 1979. Pastures. p. 147–153. In: R. T. Coupland (ed.) Grassland ecosystems of the world: analysis of grasslands and their uses. Cambridge Univ. Press, London.
Risser, P. G., E. C. Birney, H. D. Blocker, S. W. May, W. J. Parton, and J. A. Wiens. 1981. The true prairie ecosystem. Hutchinson Ross Publ. Co.
Sampson, A. W. 1919. Plant succession in relation to range management. USDA Bull. No. 791.
Shantz, H. L. 1954. The place of grasslands in the earth’s cover of vegetation. Ecology 35: 142–145.
Shiflet, T. N. 1973. Range sites and soils in the United States. p. 26–39. In: D. N. Hyder (ed.) Arid Shrublands -Proceedings of the Third Workshop of the United States/ Australia Rangelands Panel. Soc. Range Manage., Denver.
Sims, P. L., J. S. Singh, and W. K. Lauenroth. 1978. The structure and function of ten western North American grasslands. I. Abiotic and vegetational characteristics. J. Ecol. 66:251–285.
Sims, P. L., and J. S. Singh. 1978a. The structure and function of ten western North American grasslands. II. Intra-seasonal dynamics in primary producer compartments. J. Ecol. 66: 547–572.
Sims, P. L., and J. S. Singh. 1978b. The structure and function of ten western North American grasslands. III. Net primary production, turnover and efficiencies of energy capture and water use. J. Ecol. 66: 573–597.
Sims, P. L., and J. S. Singh. 1978c. The structure and function of ten western North American grasslands. IV. Compartmental transfers and energy flow within the ecosystem. J. Ecol. 66: 983–1008.
Sinclair, A. R. E., and M. Norton-Griffiths (eds.) 1979. Serengeti: dynamics of an ecosystem.Univ. of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Smith, E. L. 1978. A critical evaluation of the range condition concept. p. 266–267. In: D. N. Hyder (ed.) Proceedings of the First International Rangeland Congress. Soc. Range Manage., Denver.
Smith, E. F., and C. E. Owensby. 1978. Intensive-early stocking and season-long stocking of Kansas Flint Hills Range. J. Range Manage. 31:14–17.
Smolik, J. D., and J. K. Lewis. 1982. Effect of range condition on density and biomass of nematodes in a mixed prairie ecosystem. J. Range manage. 35:657–663.
Snaydon, R. W. 1984. Plant demography in an agricultural context. p. 389–407. In: R. Dirzo, and J. Sarukhan (eds.) Perspectives on plant poulation ecology. Sinauer Assoc. Inc., Pub., Sunderland, MA.
Soil conservation Service. 1985. National range handbook. 190-IV, Notice-5. USDA, Washington, DC.
Sparrow, E. B., and K. G. Doxtader. 1973. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in grassland soil: Its relationship to microbial biomass and activity. US/IBP Grassland Biome Tech. Rep. No. 224. Colorado State Univ.
Spedding, C. R. 1971. Grassland ecology. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Tainton, M. N. 1984. A guide to the literature on research in the grassland biome of South Africa. South African national Scientific Programmes Rep. No. 96.
Tansley, A. G., and R. S. Adamson. 1925. Studies of the vegetation of the English chalk. III. The chalk grasslands of the Hampshire-Sussex border. J. Ecol. 13:177–223.
Tansley, A. G. 1935. The use and abuse of vegetational concepts and terms. Ecology 16: 284–307.
Tobey, R. 1981. Saving the prairies: the life cycle of the founding school of American plant ecology, 1895–1955. Univ. of California Press, Berkeley.
USDA 1986. Agricultural statistics. U.S. Gov. Print. Off., Washington, DC.
Van Dyne, G. M. (ed.) 1969. The ecosystem concept in natural resource management. Acad. Press, New York.
Wallace, R. A., J. L. King, and G. P. Sanders. 1986. Biology: the science of life. Scott, Foresman and Co., Glenview, IL.
Waller, S. S., and J. K. Lewis. 1979. Occurrence of C3 and C4 photosynthetic pathways in North American grasses. J. Range. Manage. 32:12–28.
Ward, G. M., P. L. Knox, and B. W. Hobson. 1975. Beef production options and requirements for fossil fuel. Science 198:265–271.
Watt, K. E. F. 1968. Ecology and resource management: a quantitative approach. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York.
Westoby, M. 1985. Does heavy grazing usually improve the food resource for grazers? Am. Nat. 126:870–871.
White, L. M. 1973. Carbohydrate reserves in grasses: a review. J. Range Manage. 26: 13– 18.
Whittaker, R. H. 1962. Classification of natural communities. Bot. Rev. 28:1–239.
Whittaker, R. H. 1967. Gradient analysis of vegetation. Biol. Rev. 42: 207–264.
Woodmansee, R. G. 1978a. Critique and analyses of the grassland ecosystem model ELM. p. 257–281. In: G. S. Innis (ed.) Grass simulation model. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Woodmansee, R. G. 1978b. Additions and losses of nitrogen in grassland ecosystems. Bioscience 28:448–453.
Woodmansee, R. G. 1979. Factors influencing input and output of nitrogen in grasslands. p. 117–134. In: N. R. French (ed.) Perspectives in grassland ecology. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Wright, H. A., and A. W. Bailey. 1982. Fire ecology: United States and southern Canada. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Annotated listing of books of grassland ecology
Alfred, B. W. 1950. Practical grassland management. Sheep and Goat Raiser Mag., San Angelo, TX.
Alfred, B. W. 1950. A more or less nontechnical review of range management of the era from the perspective of a federal range conservationist.
Barnard, C. (ed.) 1974. Grasses and Grasslands. McMillan and Co. Ltd., London.
Barnard, C. (ed.) 1974. The majority of this volume deals with the biology of grasses, with only 4 of 14 chapters on ecological subject matter.
Breymeyer, A. I., and G. M. Van Dyne (eds.) 1978. Grasslands, systems analysis and man. IBP synthesis series 18. Cambridge Univ. Press, London.
Breymeyer, A. I., and G. M. Van Dyne (eds.) 1978. A systematic synthesis of Grassland Biome studies, emphasizing processes related to productivity.
Castello, D. F. 1969. The prairie world. Thomas Y. Crowell Co., NY.
Castello, D. F. 1969. A natural history of grassland life including chapters on plants, mammals, birds, insects, reptiles and amphibians, and man.
Coupland, R. T. (ed.) 1979. Grassland ecosystems of the world: analysis of grasslands and their uses. IBP synthesis series 18. Cambridge Univ. Press, London.
Coupland, R. T. (ed.) 1979. Over 30 international contributors on the structure, development and use of the grasslands of the world.
Duffey, E. 1974. Grassland ecology and wildlife management. Chapman and Hall, London.
Duffey, E. 1974. An overview of the ecology of the grasslands of Great Britain including a number of chapters on management.
Estes, J. R., R. J. Tyrl, and J. N. Brunken (eds.) 1982. Grasses and grasslands: systematic and ecology. Univ. of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
Estes, J. R., R. J. Tyrl, and J. N. Brunken (eds.) 1982. Proceedings of a symposium sponsored by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Ecological Society of America and Botanical Society of America. An excellent collection of papers by several prominent grassland ecologists.
French, N. R. (ed.) 1979. Perspectives in grassland ecology. Springer-Verlag, NY.
French, N. R. (ed.) 1979. A collection of articles synthesizing and summarizing IBP Grassland Biome studies.
Harlan, J. R. 1956. Theory and dynamics of grassland agriculture. D. Van Nostrand Co., Inc., Princetown, NJ.
Harlan, J. R. 1956. A summary of American grassland science including ecology, geography, evolution, distribution, physiology, soils, mensuration, and range management.
Humphrey, R. R. 1962. Range ecology. The Ronald Press Co., NY.
Humphrey, R. R. 1962. Although broadly written, includes significant amounts of information on desert grasslands of the American Southwest.
Humphrey, R. R. 1968. The desert grassland. The Univ. of Arizona Press.
Humphrey, R. R. 1968. Primarily a history of the ecology of American desert grasslands. Also it was published in 1968 in Bot. Rev. 24(4).
Innis, G. S. (ed.) 1978. Grassland simulation model. Springer-Verlag, NY.
Innis, G. S. (ed.) 1978. From the IBP Grassland Biome studies, an overview and detailed description of the 9 submodels of ELM and critique.
Moore, R. M. (ed.) 1970. Australian grasslands. Australian National Univ. Press, Canberra.
Moore, R. M. (ed.) 1970.Twenty-seven contributions from 35 authors detailing ecology, soils, vegetation types, and management of Australian grasslands.
Risser, P. G., E. C. Birney, H. D. Blocker, S. W. May, W. J. Parton, and J. A. Wiens. 1981. The true prairie ecosystem. Hutchinson Ross Publ. Co., Stroudsburg, PA.
Risser, P. G., E. C. Birney, H. D. Blocker, S. W. May, W. J. Parton, and J. A. Wiens. 1981. A detailed summary of the IBP Grassland Biome studies of the Osage Oklahoma site, including background information and relationships with previous relevant work.
Sinclair, A. R. E., and M. Norton-Griffiths (eds.) 1979. Serengeti: dynamics of an ecosystem. The Univ. of Chicago Press.
Sinclair, A. R. E., and M. Norton-Griffiths (eds.) 1979. Thirteen chapters by 12 authors on Serengeti ecology, including vegetation, but mostly studies on the large primary and secondary consumers.
Spedding, C. R. W. 1971. Grassland ecology. The Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Spedding, C. R. W. 1971 A very comprehensive, but succinct treatment of grassland ecology and management, including topics such as individual plants, trophic dynamics and efficiency, animal production and ecosystem modeling.
Sprague, H. B. (ed.) 1959. Grasslands. Publ. No. 53 of the Amer. Assoc. for the Advancement of Sci. Washington, DC.
Sprague, H. B. (ed.) 1959 Taken from a AAAS symposium in 1956; 37 short papers on grassland agriculture, animal nutrition, climatology, ecology and range management.
Sprague, H. B. (ed.) 1974. Grasslands of the United States: their economic and ecologic importance. The Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames, IA.
Sprague, H. B. (ed.) 1974 Taken from a symposium of the American Forage and Grassland Council. Topics include a wide variety of subjects such as grassland resources, hydrology, economics, research, wildlife, public lands and recreation.
Staten, H. W. 1952. Grasses and grassland farming. The Devin-Adair Co., NY.
Staten, H. W. 1952 A nontechnical presentation of grassland management, mostly oriented at production of grazable forages.
Swierenga, R. P. (ed.) 1984. History and ecology: studies of the grassland. Univ. of Nebraska Press, Lincoln.
Swierenga, R. P. (ed.) 1984 A collection of papers by historian James C. Malin on the natural history and settlement of the grassland region of North America.
Tobey, R. C. 1981. Saving the prairies: the life cycle of the founding school of American plant ecology, 1895–1955. Univ. of California Press, Berkeley.
Tobey, R. C. 1981 An outstanding sociohistorical analysis of the rise and fall of a single scientific discipline.
Weaver, J. E. 1954. North American prairie. Johnsen Publ. Co., Lincoln, NB.
Weaver, J. E. 1954 Largely a compilation and synthesis of Weavers previous studies of Great Plains grasslands.
Weaver, J. E., and F. W. Albertson. 1956. Grasslands of the great plains. Johnsen Publ. Co., Lincoln, NE.
Weaver, J. E., and F. W. Albertson. 1956 A comprehensive descriptive ecology of the short and mixed grasslands from Texas and New Mexico to Canada.
Weaver, J. E. 1968. Prairie plants and their environment. Univ. of Nebraska Press, Lincoln.
Weaver, J. E. 1968 Published posthumously, this volume includes a complete Weaver bibliography and 14 chapters on the ecology of the true prairie.
Whyte, R. O.1968. Grasslands of the monsoon. Frederick A. Praeger, Publ., NY.
Whyte, R. O.1968 A biogeographic treatment of grasslands of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia.
Whyte, R. O. 1974. Tropical grazing lands: communities and constituent species. Dr. W. Junk b.v. -Publ. -The hague.
Whyte, R. O. 1974 Grass resources of tropical Africa, Asia and Australia; their origin, composition and management.
Youngner, V. B., and C. M. McKell (eds.) 1972. The biology and utilization of grasses. Academic Press, NY.
Youngner, V. B., and C. M. McKell (eds.) 1972 Resulting from a symposium in 1969, this highly cited 28 chapter volume, covers grass systematics, breeding, ecology and grazing management.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Nicholson, R. (1988). Range management from grassland ecology. In: Tueller, P.T. (eds) Vegetation science applications for rangeland analysis and management. Handbook of vegetation science, vol 14. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3085-8_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3085-8_16
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7886-3
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-3085-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive