Abstract
The giants of spectral types G, K, and M constitute the taxonomieally most complex region of the HR diagram. In this rather small region is found a bewildering variety of phenomena, displayed by a small number of stars. This is one important point to be stressed from the start - in the solar neighboorhood, giants constitute about one percent of the stellar population, and all those peculiar objects which are the subject of this meeting make up at most 5% of this 1%-. The spectra of these stars are so complex that many astronomers have shied away from studying them. This can be clearly seen in the IAU symposia: of the 111 held to date, none was dedicated to late-type giants, whereas at least four were dedicated to early-type stars.
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Jaschek, C. (1985). Taxonomy of Late-Type Giants. In: Jaschek, M., Keenan, P.C. (eds) Cool Stars with Excesses of Heavy Elements. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 114. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5325-3_1
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