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Biomarkers of Pollution-Induced Oxidative Stress and Membrane Damage in Lichens

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Monitoring with Lichens — Monitoring Lichens

Part of the book series: NATO Science Series ((NAIV,volume 7))

Abstract

Pollutants cause many kinds of damage to organisms. Damage can occur at all levels of biological organization, from the components of individual cells to ecosystems (Figure 1) [84]. Many studies have shown that plants and lichens can be used to assess environmental contamination. Traditionally, the rate of accumulation of contaminants, geographical distribution or morphological modifications have been studied in “indicator” species (see chapters 2-7, this volume). However, it is now realized that the impact of pollutants can be measured more quickly by testing their effects on certain physiological processes of these indicators. Suitable processes are now termed “biomarkers”. An important consequence of air pollution is the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in organisms [71]. The aim of this chapter is to review the concept of biomarkers, outline mechanisms of free radical formation, damaging effects of ROS, and protection mechanisms against these. The use of both the deleterious effects and the defence mechanisms as actual and potential biomarkers in lichens is discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique et de Cryptogamie, 3, rue du Professeur Laguesse, F-59006, Lille Cedex, France

    D. Cuny

  2. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV, CONICETUNC). Cátedra de Química General, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Avda. Vélez Sársfield 299, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina

    M. L. Pignata

  3. Institut für Pflanzenphysiologie, Karl-Franzens Universität Graz, Schubertstraße 51, A-8010, Graz, Austria

    I. Kranner

  4. School of Botany and Zoology, University of Natal, Private Bag X01, Pietermaritzburg, Scottsville, 3209, Republic of South Africa

    R. Beckett

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  1. D. Cuny
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  4. R. Beckett
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, The University, Trieste, Italy

    Pier Luigi Nimis

  2. WSL, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland

    Christoph Scheidegger

  3. Department of Botany, The Natural History Museum, London, UK

    Patricia A. Wolseley

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Cuny, D., Pignata, M.L., Kranner, I., Beckett, R. (2002). Biomarkers of Pollution-Induced Oxidative Stress and Membrane Damage in Lichens. In: Nimis, P.L., Scheidegger, C., Wolseley, P.A. (eds) Monitoring with Lichens — Monitoring Lichens. NATO Science Series, vol 7. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0423-7_8

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