Abstract
Although the fixed-charged theory of ionic membranes, expressed in terms of the Gibbs-Donnan distribution and the Nernst-Planck flux equation, has given a satisfactory account of many phenomena it is not quantitatively accurate in all cases. In particular, coupling processes are not individually taken into account.
Non-equilibrium thermodynamic formulations include all couplings but are restricted in application to situations close to equilibrium. They require the determination of many experimental data. A differential development of the non-equilibrium thermodynamic treatment permits application to macroscopic concentration intervals provided sufficient flux experiments are carried out to determine all coefficients as functions of concentration.
This has been done and the uses of such coefficients are discussed here. Resistance, coupling and friction coefficients are evaluated as functions of the concentration of NaBr in an almost homogeneous cation-exchange gel.
It is shown that a careful consideration of the magnitudes and trends in these coefficients reveals how the ions and water are distributed in the gel and how these distributions are affected by concentration. The extents of interaction between these components are evaluated and inferences drawn as to the detailed mechanisms whereby these interactions occur.
In the case of the ionic components there is a good correlation between resistance coefficients and tracer diffusion coefficients. A similar comparison in the case of water shows that this is transported primarily by convective flow within the swollen gel.
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© 1976 D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht-Holland
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Meares, P. (1976). Some Uses for Membrane Transport Coefficients. In: Sélégny, E., Boyd, G., Gregor, H.P. (eds) Charged Gels and Membranes. Charged and Reactive Polymers, vol 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-1464-9_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-1464-9_5
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